Informatics Publishing Limited

P. A. Daisy ¹, N. Nagappa Anantha ¹, N. Udupa ¹, B. M. Vadhiraja ², Rajesh Balkrishnan ³

Affiliations
1 Manipal College of pharmaceutical Sciences, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, IN
2 Department of Radiation Oncology,Manipal Hospital ,Old Air Port Road, Bangalore, IN
3 University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, US

Abstract

Objectives: A pilot study is conducted to evaluate the outcomes of pharmacological management of breast cancer in a hospital setting. Method: Patient interviews were held to study the economic out come and standardized tool EORTC QLQ C 30 and its breast specific module EORTC QLQ BR 23 was utilized to measure the quality of life. Fifty two subjects diagnosed at different stages of the disease were studied. Results: The respondent's age ranged between 28-67 years, mean age 47.05(SD=9.33). The educational status varied from illiterate to university, the illiterate (28.84%), primary education (25.0%), class 5-10 (36.53%), intermediate undergraduate (7.69%), and post graduate studies (1.92%). Most of the participants (84.6%) were married and cohabiting with their spouses and few (15.38%) were widowed. The TNM staging of breast cancer was observed as first stage (none), stage II (42.3%), stage III (40.4%), and stage IV (15.4%), stage unknown (1.9%). All patients were treated with a multimodality approach for management. The cost analysis revealed that there are significant, differences among different modalities of treatments (Rs.1.01 lakh, Rs.1.17 lakh, Rs.1.53 lakh). The average direct cost of treatment for group I (4cycles of AC chemo, Rs.1.01 lakh), and group II (6 cycles of chemo Rs.1.17 lakh) and group III (8 cycles of chemo Rs.1.53 lakh).The quality of life study revealed that there are differences in the functional scales as well as symptoms scales among the patients treated with different treatment regimens. Discussions and Implications: Breast cancer is a very commonly diagnosed cancer among women all over the world .Early diagnosis and timely treatment can prolong the disease free survival of such patients with an improved quality of life. This research revealed different approaches of treatment for breast cancer management, in a private hospital setting in south India and the cost involved in three approaches, and their quality of life .The follow up after one year showed that most of them are leading a disease free life with better quality of life.

Keywords

Breast Cancer, Outcomes Evaluation, Quality of Life, Cost Analysis.

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S. Suresh Kumar , Latif D. Jamadar , Krishnamurthy Bhat , P. C. Jagdish , Shriram Pathak , N. Udupa

Abstract

A sensitive, specific, precise and cost effective High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method of analysis for dipyridamole in presence of its degradation products is developed and validated. The method employed Targa C₈ column i.e., (250 X 4.6 mm 5 μm particle size) column as stationary phase. The mobile phase consists of acetonitrile and pH3.0 buffer in the ratio 35:65 %. It is pumped through the chromatographic system at a flow rate of 1.2 ml /min. The UV detector is operated at 282 nm. This system was found to give good resolution between dipyridamole and its degradation products. Method was validated as per ICH guidelines.

Keywords

HPLC, Dipyridamole, UV Detector, Targa C₈ Column.

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D. Chonkar Ankita ¹, S. T. Bhagawati ², N. Udupa ¹

Affiliations
1 Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, IN
2 Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Thumkur, IN

Abstract

Research and developments in oral drug delivery has evolved to changeover of solid dosage forms from conventional solid tablets/capsules to mouth dissolving drug delivery system (MDDS). Intension behind the development of MDDS was to provide the patients with more conventional means of taking their medication. But in MDDS, dissolution of drug in saliva offers the oral transmucosal absorption of the drug to reach to the systemic circulation. Concept of orotransmucosal drug delivery results into various dosage forms which allows orotransmucosal absorption of the drug. Oral strip is the thin film fabricated using hydrophilic polymers that rapidly dissolves beneath the tongue or in buccal cavity and dissolved drug gets absorbed through the oral mucosal surface to reach to the systemic circulation. Here in this review, formulation consideration, manufacturing, physical evaluation of oral films have been discussed.

Keywords

Oral Films, Transmucosal, MDDS, Hydrophilic Polymers, Orotransmucosal.

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Bhavana B. Bhat ¹, N. Udupa ², D. Sreedhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, IN
2 Manipal University, Manipal, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Patient safety is of utmost important in any system of medicine. There is a well-established pharmacovigilance system with allopathic drugs and the ADRs reporting methods are known by allopathic physicians but the same scenario is not with ayurvedic medicines. Objective: To access the knowledge and attitude of ayurvedic physicians with respect to adverse drug reactions caused using ayurvedic medicines and reporting methods. Methodology: A survey among the ayurvedic physicians with the questionnaire was conducted. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 37.12 + 10.24. Of total 33 respondents 15 (45.5%) have observed ADRs in their practice. 25 (75.7%) of the respondents stated that they were aware of all the reporting methods whereas 8 (24.3%) of the respondents were not aware about reporting methods. Conclusion: The finding of this study indicates the need for awareness about the ayurvedic medicines adverse drug reactions and reporting methods among ayurvedic physicians. AYUSH may conduct a few training sessions or programs exclusively on adverse drug reactions and its reporting methods and credit hours can be awarded to the participants. A few more such studies and research are warranted to get a larger picture about knowledge and attitude of physicians towards adverse drug reactions.

Keywords

Ayurveda, Physicians, ADR, Reporting Methods, Pharmacovigilance.

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V. S. Ligade ¹, N. Udupa ¹, D. Sreedhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN

Abstract

In the era of digitalization and electronic empowerment, every person has a freedom to procure what they want with a click of the button. Medicines are no exception. Evolution of e-pharmacies seems to be a logical progression of medicine and technology. However, there is a need to have an in-depth analysis of its functioning and possible medico-legal issues that might prop-up.

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