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Thirunavukkarasu, N.
- Need of Coastal Resource Management in Pulicat Lake-challenges Ahead
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Marine Studies and Coastal Resource Management, Madras Christian College, Tambaram, Chennai–59, IN
1 Dept. of Marine Studies and Coastal Resource Management, Madras Christian College, Tambaram, Chennai–59, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 322-326Abstract
Coastal zones are currently experiencing intense and sustained environmental pressures from a range of driving forces. Responsible agencies around the globe are seeking ways of better managing the causes and consequences of the environmental change process in coastal areas. The demands on the environment are raising serious concerns from environmentalists, stakeholders, coastal communities and researchers. Pulicat Lake is the second largest lagoon in India has rich natural but at the same time very fragile ecosystem. This lagoon provides nursery and breeding grounds for many species of marine fauna and supports commercial fishing too. This article discusses the current status of the Pulicat Lake biodiversity, the ecological crisis faced by the lake due to lake-mouth closure issues, siltation, shrinkage of the lake, pollution, over fishing, degradation and destruction of natural habitats in the environment. Further it focus on fishermen community socio-economic perspectives of their development towards livelihoods, social organization, literacy, fishing pattern, marketing outlet, income and involvement by NGO's etc. The healthier lake needs integrated policy approaches, which involve scientific disciplines to address the complexity of the interaction between the social and natural systems in the coastal and marine environment.Keywords
Pulicat Lake, Fragile Ecosystem, Siltation, Literacy, Fishing PatternFull Text
References
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- Joel,D.R. 1974. Studies on the biology and fisheries of the edible portunid crabs of the Pulicat Lake. Ph.D.Thesis. University of Madras.
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- Sanjeeva Raj, P.J. 2003. Strategies for conserving the macro fauna of Pulicat Lake - A case study. Natural Aquatic Ecosystems of India, Thematic Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, The National Biodiversity Action Plan, India. pp.228-238.
- Sanjeeva Raj, P.J. 2006. Macro fauna of Pulicat Lake. NBA Bulletin. No.6, National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, pp.67.
- Sanjeeva Raj, P.J., J.Logamanya Tilak and G.Kalaimani. 2002. Experiments in restoration of benthic biodiversity in Pulicat Lake, South India. J.Mar.Biol.Ass.India, 44 (1&2):37-45.
- Sebastian,M. 1991. Study of territorial use rights in small-scale fisheries: Traditional system of fisheries management in Pulicat Lake, Tamil Nadu, India. FAO Fisheries Circular 839, FIP/C839. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome. October 1991, pp.25.
- Selvanathan, M and M.Kaliyamurthy. 1972. New records of fish from the Pulicat Lake. Rec.Zool.Surv. of India, 67: 367-371.
- Thangavelu, R and P.J.Sanjeeva Raj. 1985. Exploitation of shell-deposits in Pulicat Lake. J.Mar.Biol.Ass.India, 27 (1&2): 124-128
- Screening Marine-Derived Endophytic Fungi for Xylan-Degrading Enzymes
Abstract Views :283 |
PDF Views:89
Authors
N. Thirunavukkarasu
1,
Ben Jahnes
2,
Arthur Broadstock
3,
M. B. Govinda Rajulu
4,
T. S. Murali
5,
Venkat Gopalan
2,
T. S. Suryanarayanan
4
Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Chennai 600 004, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, US
3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, US
4 Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Chennai 600 004, IN
5 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, IN
1 Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Chennai 600 004, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, US
3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, US
4 Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Chennai 600 004, IN
5 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 112-120Abstract
Marine-derived fungi surviving as symptomless endophytes in seaweeds and seagrasses were screened for production of xylan-degrading enzymes. Of the eight endophyte isolates obtained from five different seagrasses and another eight from six different marine algae, half of them exhibited xylanase activity in an agar plate assay. Further examination of these lead candidates using spectrophotometric assays revealed that Trichoderma harzianum, endophytic in the brown alga Sargassum wightii, had the maximum secreted xylanase and xylosidase activity. Moreover, this fungus could grow in NaCl-containing media (up to 1.2 M NaCl), and inclusion of 0.26 M NaCl in the media elicited a two- and three-fold increase in extracellular xylanase and xylosidase activity respectively. These findings highlight the potential of prospecting marine derived fungal endophytes to identify novel cell-wall degrading enzymes of value to the biofuel industry.Keywords
Biomass Deconstruction, Marine-Derived Fungi, Trichoderma harzianum, Xylan-Degrading Enzymes.Full Text
- Analysis of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Mangroves and Associated mangroves Species of Ennore Mangrove Ecosystem, East Coast India
Abstract Views :144 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Vels University, Chennai - 600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Dr. Ambedkar Government Arts College, Viyasarpadi, Chennai - 600039, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Vels University, Chennai - 600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Dr. Ambedkar Government Arts College, Viyasarpadi, Chennai - 600039, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 46 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study is to collect the samples of true mangrove plant, associated mangrove plants, water and sediments from Ennore Mangrove Ecosystem and the samples are analyzed for heavy metals accumulation. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: The water, sediment and plant materials were collected at 6 locations. After the collection, the plant materials were washed with distilled water and they were dried and acid digested. Further the samples were subjected to analysis of heavy metals by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Triplicate samples were analyzed and their results were expressed in ppm. The statistical analysis ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) were used. Findings: The maximum concentrations of metals were accumulated (lead-20.93±0.26 ppm/l in water and 48.5±1.44 ppm/g in sediments) in station 4, 5 and minimum concentration (zinc -2.95±0.25 ppm/l in water and 4.36±0.10 ppm/g in sediment) was observed in station 5. In overall average accumulation of heavy metals like Pb (6.09±4.59 ppm/g) > Zn (4.35±3.22 ppm/g) > Cd (3.78±2.80 ppm/g) > Hg (2.84 ± 2.70 ppm/g) > Cr (2.76±2.90 ppm/g) > Cu (0.58 ±0.42 ppm/g) found in the Avicennia marina followed by Pb (4.19±3.13 ppm/g) > Zn (4.12±3.32 ppm/g) > Cd (3.78±2.79 ppm/g) Cr (2.47±1.91 ppm/g) Hg (1.89±1.61ppm/g) > Cu (1.27±1.20 ppm/g) in the Suaeda nudiflora and Pb (4.39±3.23 ppm/g) > Zn (3.77±2.99 ppm/g) > Cd (2.39±1.86 ppm/g) > Cr (1.75±1.34 ppm/g) Hg (0.76±0.74 ppm/g) > Cu (0.50±0.40 ppm/g) in the Sesuvium portulacastrum. The metal concentration of the water and sediments were significantly (p<0.05) varied and in plants, lead (Pb) were significantly varied (p<0.05) between selected plants parts then the other metals like Hg, Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn were not significant. Application/Improvements: Heavy metals contamination was observed in all samples. The mangroves accumulated more concentration than associated mangroves, therefore the Avicennia marina is suitable candidate for bioaccumulator and recommended for phytoremediation.Keywords
Accumulation, Ecosystem, Ennore, Heavy Metals, Mangroves, Phytoremediation.Full Text
- The Host Range of Multi-Host Endophytic Fungi
Abstract Views :177 |
PDF Views:72
Authors
T. S. Suryanarayanan
1,
P. T. Devarajan
2,
K. P. Girivasan
3,
M. B. Govindarajulu
1,
V. Kumaresan
4,
T. S. Murali
5,
T. Rajamani
6,
N. Thirunavukkarasu
6,
G. Venkatesan
7
Affiliations
1 Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology, RKM Vidyapith, Chennai 600 004, IN
2 Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, IN
3 Department of Botany, Government Arts College for Men, Nandanam, Chennai 600 035, IN
4 Department of Botany, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, IN
5 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
6 PG & Research Department of Botany, RKM Vivekananda College, Chennai 600 004, IN
7 Department of Botany, Mannai Rajagopalaswamy Government Arts College, Thanjavur 614 001, IN
1 Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology, RKM Vidyapith, Chennai 600 004, IN
2 Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, IN
3 Department of Botany, Government Arts College for Men, Nandanam, Chennai 600 035, IN
4 Department of Botany, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, IN
5 Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, IN
6 PG & Research Department of Botany, RKM Vivekananda College, Chennai 600 004, IN
7 Department of Botany, Mannai Rajagopalaswamy Government Arts College, Thanjavur 614 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 10 (2018), Pagination: 1963-1969Abstract
Mature leaves of 224 angiosperm plant species belonging to 60 families and growing in Andaman Islands, and the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu were sampled for the presence of endophytic fungi. Fungal genera such as Alternaria, Arthrinium, Aureobasidium, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Glomerella/ Colletotrichum, Drechslera, Fusarium, Fusicoccum, Lasiodiplodia, Paecilomyces, Pestalotiopsis, Phoma, Diaporthe/Phomopsis, Guignardia/Phyllosticta, Sporormiella and Xylaria showed an isolation frequency of 5% or more. Species of Colletotrichum, Phyllosticta, Phomopsis and Xylaria occurred as endophytes in the leaves of many plant hosts including those that were taxonomically not closely related. The need to address the broad host range of some genera of fungal endophytes is discussed.Keywords
Diversity, Foliar Endophytes, Fungal Endophytes, Mutualism.Full Text
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