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S. Mukhopadhyay ¹, N. Srivastava ¹, K. Malpekar ², V. Baradkar ¹, J. S. Shastri ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai, 400008, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Prakash Chauhan ¹, Prabhjot Kaur ¹, N. Srivastava ², Rishitosh K. Sinha ², Nirmala Jain ¹, S. V. S. Murty ²

Affiliations
1 Space Applications Centre, (ISRO), Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
2 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN

Abstract

Space exploration missions of planetary bodies in our solar system have provided new insights to understand their formation and evolutionary processes that such bodies have undergone leading to their current geological state. Remote sensing from orbiter mission has helped in identifying surface features, delineating surface topography, mapping surface composition and deriving reliable age estimates of different planetary surfaces. In particular, high spatial and spectral resolution spacecraft observations have significantly contributed to our current understanding of the geological, physical and chemical processes that resulted in divergent evolutionary paths undertaken by different planetary objects such as inner and outer planets, dwarf planets, the moons and small solar system bodies (asteroids and comets). Hyperspectral remote sensing has been an emerging field of space-based reflectance spectroscopy and in recent years many imaging spectroscopy instruments have flown on different planetary missions, e.g. Moon Mineralogy Mapper on-board Chandrayaan-1, VIMS on Cassini mission, CRISM on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) mission, etc. This article provides a review on imaging reflectance spectroscopy for understanding the surface composition through mineralogy for different planetary bodies.

Keywords

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing, Mineralogy, Planetary Surfaces, Solar Systems.

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R. P. Gupta ¹, N. Srivastava ², R. K. Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, IN
2 Planetary Sciences and Exploration Programme, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN

Abstract

It is generally believed that the Moon became inter-nally dead ∼1 b.y. from the present, and only old ( 1 b.y.) volcanic flows forming largely the mare basins are known to occur. The old volcanic land-forms stand largely obliterated and flows studded with impact craters. However, recent findings have indicated global presence of young thrust faults on the Moon, escape of gases from the interior and also pre-dicted the presence of partially molten lower lunar mantle and core. Here, we have used high-resolution datasets from NASA's LRO, Kaguya of JAXA and ISRO's Chandrayan-1 missions to examine the char-acteristics and origin of multiple relatively fresh, coaxial, superposed viscous flows spotted inside the Lowell crater on the far side of the Moon. Various considerations apparently rule out the possibility of these melts being derived from nearby areas. An asso-ciated likely source crater and tectonic structures (a fault and a fracture) of two different ages but emanat-ing from the same crater and affecting different flows have also been located - exhibiting tectono-volcanic relationship. These features provide evidences of like-ly volcanic activity in the region not too far in the past, are consistent with recent results that the Moon may not be internally dead, and thus have implica-tions to the thermal history and present-day geologic nature of the Moon.

Keywords

Craters, Moon, Tectonic Features, Volcanic Flows.

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N. Srivastava ¹, S. K. Satheesh ², Nadege Blond ³, K. Krishna Moorthy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, IN
2 Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, FR
4 ISRO HQ, Antariksh Bhavan, Bengaluru 560 231, IN

Abstract

In order to understand the regional climate implications of aerosols over Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP), a major Indo-US field experiment, Ganges Valley Aerosol Experiment (GVAX) was conducted during 2011-12. Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) mobile facility (AMF) was deployed at the northern Indo-Gangetic Plain over the high-altitude site, Manora Peak, Nainital (29°21^'33.84^"N, 79°27^'29.27^"E, 1980 m amsl) in Central Himalayas, for an year-round measurement of aerosols, clouds and other climate-relevant atmospheric parameters. One of the objectives of GVAX was examining the ability of models to simulate aerosols over Indian region and validate the simulations. In part-1 of this two-part paper, we examine use of the chemical transport model 'CHIMERE' to simulate aerosol fields over Indian region (4-37.5°N; 67-88.5°E) for multiple years (2006, 2007 and 2008) by simulating the spatial and temporal distribution of PM10, BC mass concentrations and OC/BC ratios. It is seen that the model successfully captures the broad features of the regional distribution of aerosols, including the most conspicuous IGP hotspot and its seasonality.

Keywords

Aerosols, Black Carbon, Chemistry Transport Model, CHIMERE, GVAX.

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N. Srivastava ¹, S. K. Satheesh ², Nadege Blond ³, K. Krishna Moorthy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835 215, IN
2 Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement, UMR7362 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, FR
4 ISRO HQ, Antariksh Bhavan, Bengaluru 560 231, IN

Abstract

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the chemical transport model 'CHIMERE' over large Indian region (4-37.5°N; 67-88.5°E) for multiple years (2006, 2007 and 2008) by comparing the model simulations with concurrent aerosol measurements from different locations. Model simulated near-surface black carbon mass concentrations agreed satisfactorily with measurements at various locations (oceanic, inland and island sites), in general, except during monsoon months, when the model underpredicted the measurements. Similar results were obtained when model simulated column integrated PM₁₀ mass concentrations were correlated with MODIS-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD), using AOD as a proxy for aerosol loading. The underperformance of the model during monsoon arises, at least partly, due to the model-simulated rainfall being higher than the actual rainfall over the Indian domain, during the monsoon season. Notwithstanding these, the general performance of the CHIMERE model to simulate aerosol loading over Indian domain during dry months is, in general, found to be satisfactory.

Keywords

Aerosols, Black Carbon, Chemistry Transport Model.

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A. K. Singh ¹, V. Gupta ², Vani Gupta ¹, S. Kumar ¹, N. Srivastava ¹, T. Jafar ¹, A. B. Pant ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Role of resistin in insulin sensitivity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is controversial till date. Increased serum resistin levels are associated with MetS and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum resistin levels with markers of the MetS in females. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 170 healthy female subjects were selected for the study. Out of which 71 (age 31.59 ± 4.88 years) were with MetS and 99 (age 31.75 ± 6.34 years) were without MetS. Different parameters of MetS and serum resistin level were measured according to the standard protocols as given in NCEP ATP III 2001 guideline. Serum resistin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS when compared with subjects without MetS [13.54 ± 4.14 ng/ml (n = 71) vs. 7.42 ± 2.31 ng/ml (n = 99); P ≤ 0.001]. Resistin levels were positively associated with waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, plasma glucose, waist/hip ratio, serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, serum VLDL, plasma insulin, and insulin resistance, while it was negatively associated with highdensity lipoprotein. This study demonstrates a positive correlation between resistin and factors of MetS except high-density lipoprotein which was found to be negatively correlated in Indian female subjects.

Keywords

Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, resistin

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Y. Srivastava ¹, A. Kumar ¹, A. Basu Sarbadhikari ¹, D. Ray ¹, V. M. Nair ¹, A. Das ¹, A. D. Shukla ¹, S. Sathiyaseelan ¹, R. Ramachandran ¹, B. Sivaraman ¹, S. Vijayan ¹, N. Panwar ¹, A. J. Verma ¹, N. Srivastava ¹, A. Rani ¹, G. Arora ¹, R. R. Mahajan ¹, A. Bhardwaj ¹

Affiliations
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, India., IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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