Informatics Publishing Limited

N. Balaji ¹, N. Ramaraj ², C. Dhanasekaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Computer Science and Engineering Department at Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai-15, Tamilnadu, IN
2 GKM College of Engineering, Chennai-63, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The aim of our paper is to develop a tool for creating performance effective computational cluster called TCE (TCE Cluster Engine) tool using JAVA RMI. The Installation of TCE is very simple and easy to launch when compared with the existing tools. The batch jobs and their input data are given to the cluster environment for execution. Finally the result from the execution node will be sent back to the user specified location. Since the incoming batch jobs are distributed in the cluster, thereby distributing the load among several machines in order to increase the throughput of the system. By deploying an application in the created cluster, the performance of TCE is evaluated.

Keywords

Cluster Computing, Job Distribution, Remote Method Invocation, Resource Management, Throughput, Job Allocation, Queue Manager, Linux Cluster, Batch Job, Job Scheduler.

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N. Balaji ¹, Y. Lokeswara Choudary ²

Affiliations
1 SRM School of Management, Department of Mathematics, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai-603203, IN
2 SRM 'B' School, Vadapalani, Chennai-600026, IN

Abstract

In today business environment supply chain play a key role in making business successful. Since availability, cost, stability, effectiveness and amenability depend on the strategic decisions in the organizational scenario. Decision selection is generally a multi-criteria decision making problem which include both qualitative and quantitative factors. In this work we suggested to integrate Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the operations like distribution sales and utilization of the commercialization of vaccines before the expiry date.
Vaccines are considered to be one of the most successful and cost-effective weapons against infectious diseases to this date .Currently vaccines have been developed using mammalian cell lines, yeast and the common enteric bacterium Escherichia coli. But mammalian systems (cell and tissue culture) have been traditionally plagued by low scalability and contamination with animal viruses and prions. Worldwide success an ideal vaccine should address issues such as availability, accessibility, costs, activity, stability, effectiveness and amenability for combination vaccines. Plants as a production platform when compared to other systems stand at a much better position in light of the above reasoning. Plant systems are scalable to agricultural plots or farms, are not infected by animal viruses or prions and are capable of complex glycosylation. Research in this field for over a decade has solved some of the problems with further work in progress.
Commercialization of vaccines is important to reach the people in time. It requires lot of supply chain and logistic support. It is the problem for all the companies due to the differences in the structure of the organization. Different forms of organizations follow different distribution channels and inventory control mechanism. In order to optimize the commercialization and to reach the people at large, it is important to use the multi criteria decision models and to identify the key factor for the success. The primary objective of this paper is to identify the success factor to commercialize the vaccines in different forms of organizations. From the analysis of the results using AHP Model that the scores are normalized and ranked according to weights.
It is observed that, the results of the model are found appropriate. In case of centralised organizations-R&D, Decentralized organizations-inventory costs, centre led organizations-accessibility, corporate culture organizations-stability and effectiveness and finally governance organizations-profit margins are played a key role in the commercialization of vaccines. It is evident that the each organization has a key factor, and it is important to identify the same to plan accordingly to achieve the goal at the earliest possible time.

Keywords

MCDM Availability, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Accessibility, Costs, Stability, Effectiveness, Amenability.

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V. Sai Kishore ¹, N. Balaji ¹, K. Srikanth ¹, J. Hemanth ¹

Affiliations
1 Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla-522101, IN

Abstract

Sun light causes damage to skin by inducing photoaging, photocarcinogenisis. Aloe vera is most popular in the treatment of dermatological disorders. In this study, in to the calamine lotion aloe gel (conventional lotion), a novel lotion containing freeze dried aloe powder beads and freeze dried aloe powder lotion were incorporated. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of novel lotion (freeze dried aloe powder beads and freeze dried aloe powder lotion) and conventional lotion (aloe gel). Aloe gel beads were prepared by using the ionic gelation technique. Beads were in spherical shape with a diameter of 0.510±0.143 mm. The novel, conventional lotion were evaluated for the colour, PH of preparation, sedimentation volume, redispersibility, spreadability, rheological, In vitro and In vivo sun protection factor(SPF). For conventional lotion SPF was found to be 6.39±0.1 where as for novel lotion containing freeze dried aloe powder beads SPF was found to be 13.52±0.21. It was found that novel lotion containing freeze dried aloe powder beads provides greater sunscreen protection than the conventional lotion. In vivo SPF values for novel lotion are higher than the conventional lotion.

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B. Lakshmipriya ¹, R. Leena Sri ¹, N. Balaji ²

Affiliations
1 IT Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 IT Department, K. L. N. College of Engineering, Madurai - 630612, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: Cloud Computing facilitates "Virtualization". The motivation of this study is to design a live migration scheme with negligible downtime. Method: The proposed method undergoes KVM post-copy migration. It stop the guest VM on source and send the machine states except guest RAM to the destination and resume the guest VM on destination and source pushes the memory pages to destination concurrently. In order to copy memory pages on-demand/background, Asynchronous Page Fault can be utilized. Proposed works also consider security during live migration. Live migration includes plenty of state transfer through the network. During migration, protecting the contents of VM state files is important. Proposed scheme implements virtual firewalling to protect the VM during migration. Findings: Post-copy live migration takes less downtime when compared with pre-copy migration based on the application running on the hosted VMs. Improvements: In future work, the amount of memory transfer rate will be reduced and also the implementation of virtual firewall can ensure authentication.

Keywords

Downtime, Live Migration, Security, Virtualization, Virtual Machines

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Kasani Harikrishna Gouda ¹, V. Sai Kishore ², N. Balaji ², V. Vijaya Kumar ², N. Raghuram ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh- 522101, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh-. 522101, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, an attempt was made to formulate Propranolol hydrochloride sustained release floating matrix tablets using dried Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves mucilage and to study its release retardant activity in combination with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose grades. Different floating matrix tablets of Propranolol HCl were formulated. The floating matrix tablets found to have better uniformity of weight, hardness, friability and drug content. The swelling behavior, release rate characteristics and the invitro dissolution study proved that the dried Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves mucilage can be used as a matrix forming material for preparing sustained release floating matrix tablets. The release rate followed zero-order release kinetics and the data was fitted in the Peppas plots. The exponential coefficient from the Peppas plots was found to be in between 0.55 to 0.64, indicating non-fickian mechanism of drug release.

Keywords

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Leaves Mucilage, Gastric Residence Time, Propranolol Hydrochloride, Floating Drug Delivery, Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose.

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A. Ramankannan ¹, J. Rini Gnana Suganthi ¹, N. Balaji ¹, M. Seenuvasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Madha Engineering College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

The binding of pectinase onto co-precipitated magnetic magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) via glutaraldehyde activation was investigated.The transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were studied to characterize size, structure, morphology and binding of enzyme onto the nanoparticles. Debye-Scherrer relation was analysed based on the XRD results, reports that binding process did not cause any significant change in size of MNPs. The maximum activity of immobilized pectinase was obtained at its weight ratio of about 16.2 x10-3 mg bound pectinase/mg MNPs. The stability and activity of the bound pectinase was analyzed using various parameters like pH, temperature, reusability, storage ability and kinetic studies. The same was compared with the free pectinase for showing its enhanced stability and activity.

Keywords

Nanoparticles, Pectinase, Immobilization, Pectin, MNPs.

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M. Seenuvasan ¹, N. Balaji ¹, M. Anil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Madha Engineering College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Preparation of nanobiocatalysts with the combination of nanotechnology and biotechnology is considered as an exciting and rapidly emerging area. The use of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles as enzyme immobilization carriers has drawn great attention because of their unique properties, such as controllable particle size, large surface area, modifiable surface, and easy recovery. In this paper, a variety of surface modification on synthesized magnetic iron oxide by different ways and a variety of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles immobilized enzymes in bioprocess applications, especially enzymes like lipase and cellulase are reviewed. The advantages and shortcomings of the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles immobilized enzymes and the future developing prospects are also discussed.

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Kasani Harikrishna Gouda ¹, V. Sai Kishore ¹, N. Balaji ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh-522101, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, an attempt was made to formulate floating matrix tablets of Propranolol HCl using tamarind gum (Tamarind Kernel Powder) with HPMC 50, HPMC K100M as release modifier. Twelve batches of floating matrix tablets of Propranolol HCl were prepared by using different drug : polymer (Propranolol HCl : HPMC 50+Tamarind gum) ratios viz. F1 (1:1), F2 (1:2), F3 (1:4), F4 (1:6), F5 (1:8), F6 (1:10) and drug : polymer (Propranolol HCl : HPMC K100M+Tamarind gum) ratios viz.F7 (1:1), F8 (1:2), F9 (1:4), F10 (1:6), F11(1:8), F12(1:10). The compressed tablets were evaluated for hardness, uniformity of weight, friability, drug content, buoyancy lag time and duration of buoyancy. All the readings are within the prescribed limits. There was no interaction between the drug, polymer and excipients it was found out by IR studies. Swelling index studies were also carried out. The in vitro release data were fitted to different order of reactions such as zero order, first order, Higuchi's reaction and Korsmeyer-Peppas reaction. It was found that, the drug release follows Korsmeyer-Peppas reaction.

Keywords

Tamarind Kernel Powder (Tamarind Gum), Gastric Residence Time, Propranolol Hydrochloride, Floating Drug Delivery, Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose.

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Kasani Harikrishna Gouda ¹, V. Sai Kishore ¹, N. Balaji ¹, V. Vijaya Kumar ¹, N. Raghuram ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur (Dt), Andhra Pradesh-522101, IN

Abstract

In recent years scientific and technological advancements have been made in the research and development of controlled release oral drug delivery systems by overcoming physiological adversities like short gastric residence times and unpredictable gastric emptying times. To overcome these limitations, gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS), have been developed to increase gastric residence of drug delivery systems in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. GRDDS can improve the controlled delivery of drugs that have an absorption window by continuously releasing the drug for a prolonged period of time before it reaches its absorption site, thus ensuring its optimal bioavailability. This article provides the classification of gastroretentive systems, formulation considerations for developing gastroretentive systems, factors affecting gastroretentive systems such as density, size, shape, single or multiple unit formulations, fed or unfed state, nature of meal, caloric content, frequency of feed, gender, age, posture, concomitant drug administration and biological factors limelight this article.

Keywords

Gastroretentive Drug Delivery Systems (GRDDS), Floating Systems, Bioadhesive Systems, Hydrodynamically Balanced Systems (HBS), Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT).

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L. V. Rajani Kumari ¹, Y. Padma Sai ¹, N. Balaji ², R. Gowrisree ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, VNR VJIET, Hyderabad, IN
2 Department of ECE, JNTUK, Vizianagaram, IN

Abstract

Telemonitoring, is the use of information technology to monitor the vital parameters of patients at a distance and providing them to the doctor at remote location. In today’s world, our life is ischolar_mained with stress by family circumstances, financial concerns, job, etc. High stress levels can lead to heart attacks and chronic headaches or psychological diseases like mental illness, anger, anxiety, and depression. By using physiological signals for example Electrocardiogram (ECG), human stress levels can be determined. Stress induces a change in Heart Rate Variability (HRV), so it is used as an indicator for stress. HRV analysis can be derived from ECG signal and reflects automatic nervous system state of the human body. In this work, ECG signals of the students are collected before presentation, immediately after presentation and one hour after presentation to perform HRV analysis. This analysis is accomplished using time domain, frequency domain and non-linear methods. After HRV analysis, some parameters are extracted to identify and classify stress. The obtained ECG parameters can be studied by an expert sitting at a distance through internet using LabVIEW web publishing tool. The validation of this algorithm is done by implementing this work on ECG signals, collected from MIT-BIH database. The set of collected data is called the Stress Recognition in Automobile Driver database (DRIVEDB). In the absence of doctor, this experiment gives display of the patient’s condition as a report, making medical diagnosis safer and robust.

Keywords

Electrocardiogram (ECG), Mental Stress, Heart Rate Variability (HRV), LabVIEW Web Publishing Tool.

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L. V. Rajani Kumari ¹, Y. Padma Sai ¹, N. Balaji ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, IN
2 Department of ECE, JNTUK, Narasaraopet, IN

Abstract

Mental stress can be evoked by a number of mental tasks like solving arithmetic problems, public speaking, financial worries, work pressure, etc. Today stress has become a part of our life. Stress causes anger, anxiety, depression, heart attacks, etc. which leads to physical and mental illness. A lot of research work has been happening to measure, identify and analyze human stress levels. By using physiological signals human stress levels can be resolved and this is the most reliable method among many stress monitoring methods. HRV is used as a measure for stress as it makes a change in HRV. In this work time domain, frequency domain and nonlinear parameters obtained from HRV analysis (from ECG signal) are used to detect mental stress in driver’s and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to classify mental stress. The algorithm is validated through MIT-BIH database ECG signals. The collected data is “Stress Recognition in Automobile Driver database (DRIVEDB)”.

Keywords

Mental Stress, Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Electrocardiogram (ECG), Support Vector Machine (SVM), MIT-BIH Database.

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