Informatics Publishing Limited

P. B. Suruse ¹, N. J. Duragkar ¹, U. D. Shivhare ¹, S. Y. Raut ¹, A. S. Warokar ¹

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur- 441 110 (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. The most serious forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, but other related species (Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae) can also affect humans. The initial symptoms of malaria which include fever, headache and muscular aches. Plasmodium develops in the gut of the mosquito and passed in the saliva of an infected insect each time it takes a new blood meal. The parasites are then carried by the blood in the victim's liver where they invade the cells and multiply. After 9-16 days they return to the blood and penetrate the red cells, where they multiply again, progressively breaking down the red cells. In cerebral malaria, the infected red cells obstruct the blood vessels in the brain. The four species of malaria are distinguished by their different appearances of Trophozoites, Schizonts, Gametocytes and staining, size and shape of infected red blood cells, and other characteristics. The key role of traditional medicine in the development of modern medicine for prevention of malaria is discussed in this article. In-vitro and in-vivo antiplasmodial activities are experimental models for detecting antiplasmodial activity of plant extracts in the erythrocytic stage of malaria parasites. The study is likely to promote a rational use of botanicals and must be continued focusing on the isolation and characterizing active principles of the crude extract, its pharmacological validation, standardization and formulation.

Keywords

Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Antiplasmodial Activity.

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P. M. Patil ¹, P. D. Chaudhari ¹, Megha Sahu ¹, N. J. Duragkar ²

Affiliations
1 Modern College of Pharmacy, Sector 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi, Pune-44 (M.S), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, IN

Abstract

Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient. One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells. Based on the nature of the viral genome, these gene therapy vectors can be divided into RNA and DNA viral vectors. The majority of RNA virus-based vectors have been derived from simple retroviruses like murine leukemia virus. A major shortcoming of these vectors is that they are not able to transducer nondividing cells. This problem may be overcome by the use of novel retroviral vectors derived from lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most commonly used DNA virus vectors are based on adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses. An example of gene-knockout mediated gene therapy is the knockout of the human CCR5 gene in T-cells in order to control HIV infection. Although the available vector systems are able to deliver genes in vivo into cells, the ideal delivery vehicle has not been found. Thus, the present viral vectors should be used only with great caution in human beings and further progress in vector development is necessary.

Keywords

Lentiviruses, Transducer, RNA Vector, Adeno-Associated Viruses.

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P. B. Suruse ¹, M. K. Kale ², N. J. Duragkar ², A. Gundawar ²

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongari, Hingana Road, Nagpur- 441110 (M. S.), IN
2 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur-441 110 (MS), IN

Abstract

The work presented here deals with formulation and evaluation of herbal antidiabetic capsule containing dried extracts of Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna prurience and Ginkgo biloba. Phytochemical screenings of all three extracts were performed and their purity was checked by TLC, HPTLC and also by gravimetric method. While formulating the capsules three batches were selected with different concentration of extracts of Gymnema sylvestre and same quantity of Mucuna prurience and Ginkgo biloba extracts. The antidiabetic activity of three formulations was performed on diabetic rats to find out the better activity than others. The formulation 3 has given the better result as compared to formulation 1 and 2. For the pharmacological evaluation, all the experiments were designed and conducted as per CPCSEA and IAEC guidelines. The single dose study of optimized formulation shows a significant decrease in serum glucose level at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h while comparing with only extract of Gymnema sylvestre and standard antidiabetic drug Glibenclamide. The optimized formulation showed much better result as compared to extract of Gymnema sylvestre. Physical and chemical evaluation of optimized formulation has been performed and compared the peaks of standard drug with extracts and formulation by HPTLC analysis.

Keywords

Herbal Capsule, Antidiabetic Activity, Gymnema sylvestre, Mucuna prurience, Ginkgo biloba.

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P. B. Suruse ¹, N. J. Duragkar ¹, U. D. Shivhare ¹, S. B. Bodele ¹

Affiliations
1 Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Wanadongri, Hingna Road, Nagpur- 441100 (M. S.), IN

Abstract

Canarium strictum Roxb. (Burseraceae) is used in the traditional Ayurvedic medicine under the name Raladhupa and black dammar resin. The isolation of compound A and compound B were carried out from chloroform extract by counter current distribution method. The purity of each compound was estimated by using Thin Layer Chromatography. The preliminary phytochemical screening of each compounds showed the presence of triterpenoid. The compound A and Compound B were investigated for antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity by using cup plate method or diffusion agar method. The results obtained shows that compound A and compound B possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity at concentration of 100μg/ml. The inhibitory effect of each compound is very close and identical in magnitude for Gram- positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi.

Keywords

Canarium Strictum, Raladhupa, Black Dammar Resin, Antimicrobial Activity.

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