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Akbarsha, Mohammad A.
- Effect of Curcumin Supplementation on Hepatic, Renal and Intestinal Organization of Anabas testudineus (Bloch): Light and Electron Microscopic Studies
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, IN
2 Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, IN
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695581, IN
2 Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, IN
Source
Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction, Vol 17, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 83-98Abstract
The ultrastructure of hepatic, renal and intestinal tissues of Anabas testudineus and the influence of dietary curcumin (0.5 and 1% for 6 months) on the organization of these tissues were studied. The results revealed an increased vascularity in curcumin-treated fish liver. The size of hepatopancreas and its nuclei and melanomacrophage centres increased in the treated liver while size of hepatocytes and their nuclei remained unchanged. The hypertrophy and hyper-activity of hepatopancreas might provide for proper digestion and absorption of food. In the intestine, the number of goblet's cells in the villi decreased in the curcumin treated group which might help the retention of food in the intestine. Therefore, based on the above results it can be concluded that curcumin is beneficial to fish and, so, could be of application in aquaculture practices.Keywords
Anabas, Liver, Melanomacrophage Centre, Hepatopancreas, Ultrastructure.- Clinical Correlates in Drug-Herbal Interactions Mediated via Nuclear Receptor PXR Activation and Cytochrome P450 Induction
Abstract Views :233 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi – 110067, IN
2 Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, IN
1 Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi – 110067, IN
2 Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, IN
Source
Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction, Vol 12, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 1-12Abstract
Pregnane and Xenobiotic Receptor (PXR), a vital xenosensor, acts as master regulator of phase-I (cytochrome P450) and phase-II enzymes (glutathione S-transferases, sulfotransferases, and uridine 5'-diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases) as well as several drug transporters (multi-drug resistance protein, and multidrug resistance-associated protein). PXR can bind to a variety of chemically distinct endobiotics (steroids, bile acids and their derivatives, vitamins, etc.) and xenobiotics (prescription drugs, herbal medicines, endocrine disruptors, etc.). Activation of PXR by various compounds leads to trans-activation of PXR-target genes involved in detoxification system (phase-I and phase-II enzymes, and efflux proteins). Herbal medicines are readily used without prescription under the belief that anything natural is safe. These medicines contain active chemical constituents which execute distinctly different or similar pharmacological response(s). But, like prescription drugs, herbal drugs also have both therapeutic and, sometimes, adverse effects. Some of the herbal drugs induce drug metabolizing enzymes (especially CYP3A4) and drug efflux proteins via activation of PXR. Phase-I enzyme CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of 50-60% of clinical drugs as well as the chemical ingredients in herbal medicines. In addition to this, 25-30% of these compounds are metabolized by the CYP2B isoenzymes. The combined metabolic effects of phase-I and phase-II enzymes and drug transporters, following induction by therapeutic molecules, constitute the molecular basis for many drug-herbal interactions. For example, if one drug activates PXR, it can encourage the elimination of a co-administered drug that is also metabolized and eliminated by PXR-target gene products, thereby affecting the therapeutic efficacy of the drug in the context of combination therapy. The present review highlights some of the recent clinical correlates in drug-herbal interactions mediated primarily via PXR and cytochrome P450.Keywords
Drug-Herbal Interactions, Pregnane and Xenobiotic Receptor (PXR), Cytochrome P450 (CYP450), Drug Transporters.- A Dense Matrix of Epididymal Origin to Process and Remove Defective Spermatozoa: Observation in AFB1-Treated Rat
Abstract Views :315 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, IN
1 Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, IN