Informatics Publishing Limited

Dibyajyoti Saha ¹, Mayukh Jana ², Supradip Mandal ²

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College, Lal Khadan, Masturi Road, Bilaspur-495004, C.G., IN
2 Bharat Technology, Banitabla, Uluberia, Howrah-711316, IN

Abstract

The molecular pharmacology involving aspects of biological, medical and pharmaceutical sciences. It is concerned with invention, discovery, design, identification and preparation of biologically active compounds, the study of their metabolism, the interpretation of their mode of action at the molecular level. The physiology based drug discovery follows physiological readouts and by contrast, the road of target based drugs discovery begins with identifying the function of a possible therapeutic target and its role in disease. The validation of a molecular target in vitro usually proceeds the validation of a therapeutic concept in vivo; together this defines its clinical potential. The present article gives disease mechanisms of target discovery and outline of target validation with its pathways.

Keywords

Target Discovery, Target Validation, Molecular Target, Disease Genes, Molecular Pharmacology.

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Dibyajyoti Saha ¹, Tarashankar Maity ², Mayukh Jana ³, Supradip Mandal ³

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College. Lal Khadan, Masturi Road, Bilaspur-495004, C.G, IN
2 Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and A.H.S., Howrha-711316, W. B, IN
3 Bharat Technology, Banitabla, Uluberia, Howrah-711316, IN

Abstract

Cancer is any disorder of cell growth that results in invasion and destruction of surrounding healthy tissues by abnormal cells, which have arisen from normal cells, whose nature is permanently changed. The exact mechanism through which a normal cell is transform to a tumor cell is still not clear and is considered as very complex in nature comprising of several steps though in recent years considerable advancement in knowledge have been obtained in molecular mechanisms, growth regulatory factors, environmental effects, diet and food habits etc. Tumors that remain localized can usually be cured by surgery or radiotherapy even when enormous. Cancer, still regarded as the most progressive and dreadful disease, is posing a great social and economical problem globally since it has been estimated that in the year 2005 about 10.9 million new cases have been registered while about 6.7 million people had died from cancer while the respective figures for Indian people might be about 1 million of new incidences and 6 lakh of deaths. Data from USA showed that an estimated death of about 5.5 lakh had occurred in 20051. The number of new cancer cases is also increasing globally at a fast rate.

Keywords

Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Alkylating Agents, HDAC Inhibitor, Proteasome Inhibitors, Telomerase Inhibitor, Antiangiogenic Drugs, COX-2 Inhibitors.

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Dibyajyoti Saha ¹, Milan Hait ², Mayukh Jana ³, Suprodip Mandal ³, Utpal Jana ⁴

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College, Lal Khadan, Masturi Road, Bilaspur- 495004, C.G, IN
2 Dept. of Chemistry, Dr.C.V. Raman University, Kargi Road, Kota, Bilaspur, C.G, IN
3 Dept. of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia-711316, W.B, IN
4 Dept. of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, IN

Abstract

The compounds or substance which emit radiation and which are used in medicine area called radiopharmaceuticals. Radio opaque substances are those compounds (both inorganic and organic) that have the property of casting a shadow on x-ray films. Radiopharmaceuticals preparations are the preparations containing one or more radionuclides. Radionuclides are radioactive and transform spontaneously into other nuclides. The unstable nuclei undergo spontaneous nuclear changes in order to achieve stability by emitting radiation are called radioisotopes or radionuclides. The radioactive substances disintegrates or decays with the emission of certain particles or certain quantities of energy which is always characteristics of the isotope.The present article gives various ideas about radiations, radioactivity, radioisotopes, radio opaque and contrast media, radioactive pollution as well as quality control and also pharmaceutical applications of radioisotopes.

Keywords

Radiopharmaceuticals, Radio Opaque, Contrast Media, Radioisotopes.

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Dibyajyoti Saha ¹, Ankit Tamrakar ¹, Mayukh Jana ², Supradip Mandal ²

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmacy, Chouksey Engineering College, Lal Khadan, Masturi Road, Bilaspur-495004, C.G., IN
2 Bharat Technology, Banitabla, Uluberia, Howrah-711316, IN

Abstract

Protection against sun-induced damage leading to photo carcinogenesis in skin is a highly desirable goal. Epidemiological and experimental studies provide evidence that some naturally occurring chemical agents in the human diet can diminish cancer risk. Extensive documentation has validated the role of UV irradiation as a tumor initiator and promoter, inducing both squamous and basal cell carcinomas. Development of skin cancer has been frequently observed in patients with XP. This disease is characterized by deleterious mutations in the genes involved in the DNA damage repair system, with a marked reduction in the ability of its cells to repair potentially carcinogenic mutations mainly those caused by UV, thus making these patients highly photosensitive and predisposed to skin cancer. The article highlights important factors, types of skin cancer with its mechanisms and prevention strategy.

Keywords

Skin Cancer, Carcinoma, Melanoma, Papilloma Virus, Tumor.

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