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Mamta Tiwari ¹, Gunjan Sanadya ¹

Affiliations
1 Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Economic development of the country like India depends upon the development of the farmers. Several emerging challenges confront Indian farmers. These include limited land and water availability, which is further exacerbated by degradation of natural resources; climate changes; changes in demand and consumption patterns, moving toward high-value agriculture; increasing population pressure and liberalization of trade (Lele et al., 2010). The most effective way of sustainable development of the target group is implementation of the schemes in a proper manner. Agricultural researchers widely recognise the importance of sustainable agricultural production systems and the need to develop appropriate methods to measure sustainability (Casare et al., 2003). Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is an innovative science-based institution, which undertakes vocational trainings of farmers, farm women and rural youths, conducts on-farm research for technology refinement and frontline demonstrations to promptly demonstrate the latest agricultural technologies to the farmers as well as the extension workers (ICAR, 1999). Integrated farming is today’s emerging need for economic development of the farmers. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kota of the Rajasthan district imparts trainings and making farmers and farm women efficient in integrated farming. Therefore, conducting vocational trainings on different aspects like processing and value addition of food products, fruits and vegetables preservation, establishment of vermin compost unit, handicrafts, nursery management, bee keeping, garment construction and designing and fish production etc. The impact of trainings conducted were judged in the year 2013-14 according to the performance and earnings of the farmers. Out of 6000 efficient farmers of the district 2320 have started adopting integrated farming viz., crop production with processing, horticulture, dairy etc. Data revealed that rural communities were deeply motivated through the agriculture technologies transferred during all the trainings and they have started integrated farming to improve their economic status. Majority of farmers and farm women were found engaged in processing of food products through its grading, splitting, polishing and different products like squash, pickle, powder, jam, murabba, soya paneer, soya milk, and soya nuts. Value addition of food products along with preservation of fruits AND vegetable were started by 82 % of women farmers resulted in good earning. Similarly 79 % of farmers started dairy with vermi compost unit. Progressive farmers of them established orchard of of Amla, guava, mango, papaya and orange with dairy, poultry farm, nursery and beekeeping unit together. Marginal farmers were found highly interested to develop herbal garden/medicinal plant with its processing and ornamental plant cultivation with beekeeping.

Keywords

Integrated Farming, Sustainable, Amla, Guava, Mango, Papaya.

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Mamta Tiwari ¹, Khushboo Gupta ², Gunjan Sanadya ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Prioritization, Monitoring and Evaluation, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Soybean contains high amount of protein, dietary fibre and polyunsaturated fatty acids and has numerous therapeutic benefits. Due to its health beneficial properties it was incorporated with other ingredients and turned into sattu and a new product Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar, formulated in this endeavour. Prepared Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar (both sweet as well as salted) was subjected to sensory analysis. Estimation of moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium and iron was done. Microbial load of fresh Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar sample was assessed. Both sweet and salted Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar was liked by the experts. Its appearance, colour and overall acceptability were liked moderately (scores 7.0) by the panel members. Both type of Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar were highly nutritive. They were excellent source of protein and contained sufficient amount of carbohydrate and fat. Microbial content was with in limits, hence, products were safe to consume. Level of fatigue was decreased with regular intake of sweet Nutrameal Shakti Aahar. Weight gain and efficiency level of rural women was enhanced with its consumption. It can be concluded that the products were tasty, healthy, safe to use and low in cost thus can be a part of daily diet of individual, without changing their regular dietary consumption.

Keywords

Fortified Protein, Soya Product, Nutrameal-Shakti Aahar, Sensory, Nutritional Analysis, Microbiological Analysis.

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Bhanu Partap ¹, Mamta Tiwari ²

Affiliations
1 Nehru Library, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Central Library, SRMS Women’s College of Engineering and Technology, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

This paper highlights the results of a research study conducted to compare the current status, performance, resources and services provided by the libraries of selected Engineering College of Bareilly region of Uttar Pradesh and Dehradun region of Uttarakhand. The main purpose of the study was to know the state of art-infrastructure, current ICT- infrastructure, IT based services, Internet facility, staff strength, collection, services and present scenario of engineering college libraries. Some of the interesting findings have come out and some important and valuable suggestions have also been given to improve all the aspects of libraries in this challenging era of digital information and services.

Keywords

Library Services, Library Staff, Library Collection, ICT Infrastructure, Digital Information, E-Resources.

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Mamta Tiwari ¹, Gunjan Sanadya ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN
2 Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world. The total production of fruits and vegetables is 81.285 and 162.186 million tonnes, respectively during 2012-2013. India’s 70 per cent of population are engaged only in production activities of Agriculture, we need more and more entities and systems to add value. Along with this minor fruits up gradation is also very much require through value addition for nutrition up-liftment among people as well as economic benefit to family. In doing so, we need to look at food wastages and their prevention, improvement in value addition of horticultural produces through adoptable processes, harnessing untapped food resources, utilizing by-products and assuring food quality and safety. All these have to be interlinked with extension of shelf life, which is also value addition. Though India is producing various kinds of major and minor fruits but hardly 2.2 per cent of the production is commercially processed whereas more than 50 per cent of the produce is processed in developed countries (Rasul, 2001). However, the level of processing in the major fruit producing countries are Brazil- 70 per cent, USA-60-70 per cent, Malaysia-83 per cent and Israel-50 per cent. International trade in processed fruit products is around US $ 9200 million. The present study was conducted with the aim to increase the use of minor agro produce in processing and to reduce the waste, in which minor fruit Jams, Jally, Murabba, Candy products were formulated incorporating fruit pulp. Prepared five different products subjected to two groups and their organoleptic attributes were assessed. Nine (9) point Hedonic rating scale was used for organoleptic analysis of minor fruit products. Each group had 30 panel members. Results revealed that various organoleptic attributes, i.e. app., colour, taste, flavour, consistency and overall acceptability of all six jams obtained ≥7 hedonic scores by both groups indicating that the jams were liked moderately to very much by them. The taste, flavour and acceptability of these jams and murabba were very good. These jams were acceptable among both the study groups. Thus, it can be concluded that these products can be used as spreads and one can consume them with bread, chapati or parantha and refresh himself/herself with the tasty and tangy flavours of fresh fruits.

Keywords

Minor Fruits, Hedonic Test, Organoleptic, Attributes, Jam, Squash, Candy, Jelly.

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Mamta Tiwari ¹

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Earth is rich in variety of plants species including the beneficial one having some medicinal properties. The use of herbal medicines for the treatment of various disease like hepatitis, arthritis, chronic heart diseases, skin disorders, wounds and even cancer have been mentioned in our ‘ayurveda’ and proved scientifically by many researchers of modern times. There is an increased awareness among the people for the beneficial effect of nutraceuticals in day to day life. Fruits, spices and vegetables are commonly used by us can serve an important prophylactic and therapeutic role in day to day life. There is an urgent need to explore the beneficial and therapeutic properties of spices, vegetables and medicinal herbs. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the objectives to formulate the nutraceuticals capsules of vegetables, spices and medicinal herbs for its therapeutic properties and to analyze the nutritional properties of nutraceutical capsules through chemical analysis. Nutraceutical capsules were prepared by filling the powder through cleaning, pressing, drying and powdering the vegetables and medicinal herbs. For Amla cleaning, removing stones, cutting, drying and powdering. Similarity fenugreek seed, celery, Sonth, ashwagandha, giloy, safed musali were peeled cropped, dried and powdered. Regarding the nutritional properties of such powders chemical analysis were carried out by CIAE Bhopal. It has been found from the study that garlic and amla have wondering effect on weight control system. Drumstick’s leaves work as blood purifier, rich source of protein and controlling blood sugar level. Giloy is useful in increasing blood platelets and curing the dengue fever, whereas hadjod having a wondering effect a ment of bone fractures, ashwagandha, controls hair fall, regulates cholesterol. The nutritional composition of nutraceutical vegetable’s powder, carrot and garlic powder both are having phosphorus 254.02 mg and 328 mg, respectively, iron 24.18 mg, 19 mg, respectively. The rarely known and used drumstick leaves having protein composition (20.88%), fat (4.03%) and iron (87 mg/100 g). Therefore, it is recommended that intake of vegetables, spices and medicinal herbs, its powder and its nutraceuticals capsules can be beneficial for health due to their therapeutic characteristics as immunity developer, blood purifier, cholestrol controller, constipation remover, anti-elergic, anti inflamatory, antibacterial and antifungal capacity.

Keywords

Nutraceuticals, Nutritional Status, Therapeutic, Plant Species.

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Gunjan Sanadya ¹, Mamta Tiwari ², Khushboo Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN
2 Directorate of Prioritization, Monitoring and Evaluation, Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

In agriculture food processing contributes its major role in economy of India. According to Birdar and Bhawani 2015, in India it is found that beside largest producer of grain, cereals, pulses of many verities only 14 per cent of total work force is engaged in agro processing sector directly. The processing of food commodities at village level will not only controls post harvest losses but also provide additional employment to the local people. Kota district is considered as soybean rich area of Rajasthan, comprising 822000 hectare area (GRAM, 2017). Food processing is the major sector for economic uplifment of nation (Tiwari et al., 2016) Hence the main objective of the study was to strengthen the livelihood security of rural youth, providing opportunities in establishing soya processing unit through RKVY project of food processing unit of Agriculture University, Kota. Youth gets opportunities to become and entrepreneur. The research was conducted on 12 groups of food processing training who were introduced soya processing machineries and further giving technical support for establishing soya milk and paneer plants. After establishing and efficiently running this plant the economic and social empowerment was judged by their success stories. It was found that each individual was earning on an average Rs. 20,000-80,000 per month and got social recognition, confidence leadership ability, cooperation, satisfaction through such entrepreneurship.

Keywords

Opportunities, Empowerment, Among Rural.

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Mamta Tiwari ¹, Gunjan Sanadya ¹

Affiliations
1 Agriculture University, Kota (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Entrepreneurship brings Economic empowerment which can only be possible through dissemination of relevant technologies of self employment and development of skill on recent and viable vocation, which can be an aid to rural development and can provide opportunities towards entrepreneurship development among rural youth.According to Kuratko (2011), entrepreneurship is defined as a “dynamic process of vision, change, and creation that requires an application of energy and passion towards the creation and implementation of new ideas and creative solution”. Entrepreneurs may be defined as individuals who bring about an improvement, both for other individuals and for the society as a whole (Gorji and Rahimian, 2011). Longenecker et al. (2003) define entrepreneurs as individuals who discover market needs and launch new firms to meet those needs.Facilities and technical expertise are available at the center to train the farm woman, rural youth, school dropouts and extension functionaries for enhancement of the productivity of the crops of the area and its processing. This center offered every year many training programme varying from one day, three days short training to 40 days and 50 days vocational training programmes on Food Processing and Value Addition, fruits and vegetable preservation, handicrafts sewing, embroidery, organic farming and propagation of fruit plants, agricultural engineering, animal production, drudgery reduction and dairy etc. Many educational and vocational training programme conducted specially for rural women and consequently approximately 5000- 6000 youth were trained by the center in a year. Necessary infrastructure and expertise have been developed at center. Vocational trainings on different aspects processing and value addition of food products, fruits and vegetables preservation, establishment of vermin compost unit, handicrafts, nursery management, bee keeping, garment construction and designing and dairy were conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kota, Rajasthan, India in the year 2014-2015. Trainings on these aspects were given many times to different trainees to give equal chance to all participants. Extremely interested trainees could attend the trainings twice or thrice to become perfect in one stream. Total participants of vocational trainings during the year 2014-15 were 230. After a year, the impact of these trainings were judged according to their performance, rate of self employment and amount of earnings.It could be evaluated through the study that rural youth were deeply motivated during all the trainings, developed skill and keen to start with some vocation just after the completion of training. They immediately formed self help groups and started working. Out of 230 trainees 115 were started their own vocation according to feasibility of row material, climate, market demand and family support. Majority of female youth were found engaged in processing and value addition of food products, fruits and vegetable preservation, soft toy making. Female preferred the vocation of garment construction and designing along with food processing independently. Similarly majority of them found handicrafts articles suitable for them as artificial jewellery, wall hanging and file covers making.

Keywords

Empowerment, Entrepreneurship Development Programmes.

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