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Roy, Malabika
- An Analysis of Financial Inclusion
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata - 700 032, IN
1 Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata - 700 032, IN
Source
Journal of Rural Development, Vol 35, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 621-644Abstract
Based on a primary survey conducted in 2010 in the five villages of West Bengal, India under two gram panchayats located in the district of North 24 Parganas, the present study attempts to identify the variables that improve the possibility of financial inclusion. To judge the extent of financial inclusion we use a scoring methodology usually used in psychology. Then based on the scores the sample is divided into three mutually exclusive categories and multinomial logit regression is used to identify the factors leading to a higher score.References
- Bagli S and P Dutta (2012), “A Study of Financial Inclusion in India”, Radix International Journal Of Economics & Business Management, Vol-1, Issue 8. http://rierc.org/business/paper26.pdf Accessed on 22.5.13.
- Chattopadhyay S. K (2011), “Financial Inclusion in India: A Case-study of West Bengal”, RBI Working Paper Series, W P S (DEPR): 8 / 2011.
- Chavan,P. (2007), “Access to Bank Credit”, Economic and Political Weekly, August 4, 2007.
- Dev, M.S. (2006), “Financial Inclusion: Issues and Challenges”, Economic and Political Weekly, October 14,2006.
- Diniz Eduardo, Rene Birochi, and MarleiPozzebon (2011), “Triggers and Barriers to Financial Inclusion: The Use of ICT-based Branchless Banking in an Amazon County”, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, doi:10.1016/j.elerap.2011.07.006.
- Drexler, A., Greg Fischer, and Antoinette Schoar, (2011), “Keeping it Simple: Financial Literacy and Rules of Thumb”, http://www.mit.edu/~aschoar/KIS%20DFS%20Jan2011.pdf
- Dvorak T, Henry Hanley (2010), “Financial Literacy and the Design of Retirement Plans”, The Journal of Socio-Economics, 39 (2010) 645–652.
- Kochhar, S. (2009), “Speeding Financial Inclusion”, Academic Foundation, New Delhi, 2009 Edition, pp. 168, ISBN - 978-81-7188-791-0.
- Kamath, Mukherji & Sandstrom (2011), “Accessing Institutional Finance: A Demand Side Story for Rural India”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XLV, No.37.
- Majumdar, C. & G. Gupta (2013), “Financial Inclusion in Hoogly”. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XLVIII, No.21.
- Rajan, R (2009), “Broadening Access to Finance” (Chapter 3) in A Hundred Small Steps: Report of the Committee on Financial Sector Reforms.
- Rangarajan, C (2008), “Report of the Committee on Financial Inclusion (2008)”, NABARD, January 2008.
- Failure Analysis of High Strength T91 Boiler Tubes used in Thermal Power Plant: A Case Study
Abstract Views :177 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560 080, IN
1 Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560 080, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 12, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 363-370Abstract
A power generating utility of 600 MW has reported the failure of boiler tubes after a service life of 265 hours against the design life of 25-30 years. The failure of tubes was reported in Re-heater Inlet Coil tubes which were made up of high strength material alloy of SA 213 T91 grade. These boiler tubes were operating under a high temperature and pressure. The material used for re-heater and super-heater boiler tubes should have enough creep strength to sustain at high temperature and pressure. Even though T91 grade steel has superior quality of metallurgical properties in comparison to low alloy existing material like T11, T12 and T22, T91tube was failed in a short duration. This paper describesthe investigation of the failure of high strength T91 gradereheater tubes in a coal fired thermal power plant. The failure investigation covers visual inspection, dimensional measurement, hardness mapping, oxide scale measurement, microstructural studies, and SEM and EDX analysis of the failed tubes. The analysis reveals that Tube No-3 of re-heater boiler tube failed due to short term overheating and other tubes failed due to secondary damage caused by steam impingement.Keywords
Re-heater Boiler Tube, Visual Inspection, Grade Identification Of Alloy, Dimensional And Hardness Measurement, Oxide Scale Measurement, Microstructure Analysis- Assessment of Water Wall Tubes of a Fossil Fuel Fired Thermal Power Plant
Abstract Views :187 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Engineering Officer, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
2 JRF, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
3 Joint Director, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
1 Engineering Officer, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
2 JRF, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
3 Joint Director, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 11, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 757-772Abstract
Boilers being the heart of any steam generating system, failure of its components,will lead to forced outages of the plant, resulting in heavy economic losses in terms of non–availability of plant.Periodic inspection and assessment of boiler tubes has a great impact on the generation of power and economic status. The assessment of boiler tubes minimizes the risk of forced outage of the power plant. This paper presents the assessment of water wall tubes of thermal power plant to avoid any forced outage due to failure of water wall tubes. The assessment includes non-destructive, destructive and failure analysis of failed tubes. The periodic non-destructive evaluation is performed for the boiler tubes for generation of data for assessing and deciding the integrity of the boiler tubes. Destructive and failure analysis of failed tubes gives the information and helps in identifying the ischolar_main cause of failure and to take preventive action for avoiding forced outage.Keywords
Water Wall Tube, Forced Outage, Corrosion, Erosion, Deposited Product, Scanner, Hydrogen Damage, Microstructure and EDX Analysis- Study on the effects of coal-ash-slag deposition on boiler tubes in a coal-fired thermal power plant
Abstract Views :165 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
1 Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 10, No 3 (2014), Pagination: 611-616Abstract
Coal combustion in a thermal power plant generates plenty of ashes, which gets melted at high temperature. These melted ashes, i.e. slag, gets deposited on the external surface of the boiler tube in the furnace and stick to it. This slag greatly affect the heat transfer, which leads to reduction in the efficiency of the boiler. Also, slag deposition slowly corrodes the external surface of the tube. In this paper, a typical slag deposited tube was collected from a coal fired thermal power plant and metallographic analysis was carried out on this tube and the results were compared with an unexposed tube of same material, diameter and thickness. It is concluded from the analysis that there are no significant changes in microstructure, hardness values as well as inslag compositions.Keywords
Boiler tube, slag, micro-structure, coal fired, slag indices- Political Reservation and Allocation of Household Public Goods for Backward Communities
Abstract Views :98 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, IN
1 Department of Economics, Jadavpur University, IN
Source
Journal of Rural Development, Vol 39, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 449-466Abstract
Does political reservation for the backward communities at the rural local governments (Gram Panchayats in India) help favourable allocation of household public goods (houses, toilets, jobs) to the households belonging to those communities? While the conventional literature answers this question in affirmative, the present paper argues that the re-election motive of the political parties may prevent the elected representative belonging to the disadvantaged community to divert the allocation in favour of her own community, especially when it is in minority in the Panchayat. Thus, the purpose of political reservation may fail. Analysing data from villages in West Bengal, India, for Scheduled Caste (SC) reservation at the Gram Panchayats, we find that the impact of political reservation varies across household public goods. The political compulsion shows up the most in provision of jobs, the benefit of which is recurrent in nature.Keywords
Household Public Goods, Decentralisation, Gram Panchayat, Political Reservation.References
- Bardhan, Pranab. (2002). Decentralisation of Governance and Development. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (4), 185–205. https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/089533002320951037.
- Bardhan, Pranab, and Dilip Mookherjee. (2012). Political Clientelism and Capture: Theory and Evidence from West Bengal, India. Working paper (Institute for Economic Development, Boston University, and International Growth Centre, London School of Economics). http://people.bu.edu/dilipm/wkpap/clientcapaug2012f.pdf.
- Bardhan, Pranab, Dilip Mookherjee & M. Parra Torrado. (2010). Impact of Political Reservations in West Bengal Local Governments on Anti-Poverty Targeting. Journal of Globalization and Development (Berkeley Electronic Press) 1(1). http://people.bu.edu/dilipm/publications/jgdrevised.
- Besley, Timothy, Rohini Pande, Lupin Rahman & Vijayendra Rao. (2004). The Politics of Public Goods Provision: Evidence from Indian Local Government. The Journal of the European Economic Association, 2, 416-426. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1162/154247604323068104
- Duflo, Esther. (2005). Why Political Reservations? Journal of European Economic Association, 668-78. https://economics.mit.edu/files/794
- Dunning, Thad & Janhavi Nilekani. (2013). Ethnic Quotas and Political Mobilization: Castes, Parties and Distribution in Indian Village Councils. American Political Science Review, 107, 35-56. http://www.thaddunning.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Dunning-and-Nilekani_APSR_Published-online-first.pdf
- Mookherjee, Dilip. (2015). Political Decentralisation. Annual Review of Economics 7, 231-249. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115527
- Oates, Wallace. (1972). Fiscal Federalism. New York: Harcourt Brace.
- Romer, Thomas & Howard Rosenthal. (1978). Political Resource Allocation, Resource Allocation and the Status Quo. Public Choice, 33, 27-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30023066
- Sarkar, Abhirup, Dilip Mookherjee, Pradhan Bardhan & Sandip Mitra. (2009). Local Democracy and Clientelism: Implications for Political Stability in West Bengal. Economic and Political Weekly, 44, 46-58. https://www.epw.in/journal/2009/09/local-government-rural-west-bengal-special-issues-specials/local-democracy-and