Informatics Publishing Limited

Rabiu Muazu Musa ¹, Mohamad Razali Abdullah ¹, Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki ¹, Norlaila Azura Kosni ¹, Mainul Haque ²

Affiliations
1 Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu - 21300, MY
2 Faculty of Medicine and Defense Health, National Defense University of Malaysia, MY

Abstract

Objectives: To numerous individuals, archery is not generally seen as a sport demanding high levels of fitness in spites of long hours it takes during training and competition. Nonetheless, archers need to achieve a specific level in various aspects of fitness to permit them to perform the activity of shooting with exactness and have the capacity to repeat the activities without exhaustion. Determining the essential fitness attributes could help archers to reduce their long training hours by paying attention to the most mattered components. This study aims to identify the most essential physical fitness components needed for successful performance of archery. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A total of 17 youth archers with mean age ± 16.9 were repeatedly measured on basic physical fitness components, their scores were recorded, and Principle Components Analysis (PCA) was utilised to ascertain the most essential variables. Findings: The initial PCA identifies two components with higher Eigen value (>1). Moreover, PCA after varimax rotation indicates two components containing four and two varifacators (VF). The First VF revealing age (-0.69), BM1 (-0.71), 1 Minute sit-ups (0.75) and Predicted VO2max (0.78) recognising the need for endurance while, the second VF discloses V-sit and reach (0.75) and Maximum push-ups (0.76) identifying the requirement for upper muscular strength in the game. Application/ Improvement: The current study has successfully identified the most needed physical fitness variables in the productive performance of archery game.

Keywords

Archery, Physical Fitness Components, Principal Components Analysis, Youth Archers.

Full Text

   

S. Srinivasan ¹, Mainul Haque ², U. S. Mahadeva Rao ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan campus, ET
2 Department of Pharmacology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, MY
3 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kampus Kota, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, MY

Abstract

Background of study: The present study makes a solemn effort to review into the factors affecting the environment and health, and the ways and means to improve the value of life of the people living in and around the industrial area. Objectives: The purposes of the study include the assessment of the quantum of water pollution with reference to the tolerance level given by Environmental Protection Agency and Indian Standard Limits, the approximation of the budgetary recurring expenditure towards treatment for health reparations of the sample families due to water effluence, the identification of the determinants of the inclination to pay and the readiness to accept of the sample families, and the recommendations suitable for policy measures to lessen environmental pollution. Sample Design: A two-tier sample design is the unique feature of the study. The first stage of sampling is the selection of the villages on the basis of distances from the SIPCOT industrial complex. The second stage of the sampling is the selection of families from the sample villages. Method of Analysis: An exploration survey of the area is undertaken with a view to gain insight into the economic conditions and health status of the people in the SIPCOT area. Water samples were collected from all sample villages, and they were analyzed in chemical laboratories. Results and Discussion: Children are affected more than adults by waterborne diseases in all the SIPCOT zones. Adults are mostly affected by respiratory problems, skin diseases, and enteric fever. Conclusion: Information regarding various other methods of control, treatment and disposal of gaseous, liquid and solid wastes from the chemical industries and the pollution effects on health should be collected by the Pollution Control Authorities and educated to the SIPCOT management, and surrounding village people.

Full Text

     

Ahmad Zubaidi Bin A. Latif ¹, Mainul Haque ¹, C. Shanmugasundaram ², U. S. Mahadeva Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, MY
2 Department of Biochemistry, RKM Vivekananda College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Objective: Preliminary studies on the effects of dietary supplementation with Buah naga or Red pitaya fruit on some biochemical, and haematological parameters and histological examinations of liver, were investigated in albino rats in which liver damage was induced by paracetamol (PAM). Experimental Design: Thirty six rats were divided into six groups (including hepatotoxic and non - hepatotoxic), and were fed with 5 and 10% Buah naga fruit extract supplemented diet. Methods: Weight changes and parameters including alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate transaminase(AST), total protein, glucose, total triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol, reduced glutathione(GSH), lipid peroxidation(LPO), packed cell volume(PCV), total and differential leucocyte count were determined using standard methods. Results of Biochemical Parameters: The consumption of Buah naga supplemented diet gain the weight of the animals as well as alteration in the levels of glucose, protein, ALT and AST in the hepatotoxic groups towards normalcy. The GSH level were significantly increased (p<0.05) while TG were reduced in hepatotoxic group fed extract supplemented diet. Glucose was significantly reduced to near normal (p<0.05) in the two treated groups. Similar results observed in cholesterol and LPO status. Results of Haematological Parameters: WBC, Hb, and PCV were significantly reduced in hepatotoxic groups and refurbished in treated animals. The hepatotoxic control had significant reduction in neutrophils count and recuperated to near normal in treated rats. Histological Studies: The necrotic effects of paracetamol seen in the abnormal histological changes were gradually regenerated to its native architecture in the hepatotoxic treated groups. Conclusion: Thus the present study conjectured that Buah naga consumption prevent or treat the PAM induced hepatotoxicity and associated other deleterious effects.

Keywords

Buah naga, Paracetamol, Lipid Peroxidation, Necrosis, Hepatotoxicity.

Full Text

     

Zahari Taha ¹, Rabiu Muazu Musa ², Mohammad Razali Abdullah ², Mohd Azrai Mohd Razman ¹, Chei Ming Lee ¹, Faeiz Azizi Adnan ³, Muhammad Amirul Abdullah ¹, Mainul Haque ⁴

Affiliations
1 Innovative Manufacturing Mechatronics and Sports Lab (iMAMs), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan Campus 26600, MY
2 Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Terengganu, MY
3 University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan Campus 26600, MY
4 National Defense University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, MY

Abstract

The requirement for objective techniques to observe physical action in its distinctive measurements has prompted the improvement and broad utilisation of motion sensors called Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), which measures bodily movements. However, although these sensors have been utilised to measure postural balance in both clinical and some specific sports, little or no effort have been made to apply these sensors to the measurement of other physiological indicators in the sport of archery. This study aims to ascertain the postural balance, hand movement, muscular activation as well as heart rate of an archer. An archer was instructed to perform two balance standings, two hand movements and his muscular activations of flexor and extensor digitorum, as well as heart rate, were recorded using Shimmer sensors. The mean movement of x and y-axis of the archer was used to correlate with the Pearson correlation for testing the validity of the sensors. Kolmogorov/Smirnov test was utilised to measure the reliability of the sensors over test re-test in two different tests. The coefficient of determination indicates some positive and negative significant relationships between some indicators. The Kolmogorov/Smirnov test re-test reveals a significant difference between all the indicators in both tests A and B, p < 0.001. The archer was able to present two types of postural standings and exhibited two hands movement while holding the bow. However, his heart rate demonstrated some variability during the executions of the movement in both tests. Thus, it could be concluded that the fusion sensors are reliable in measuring the a fore mentioned physiological indicators.

Keywords

Archery, Inertial Measurements Units, Movement Analysis, Physiological Indicators, Wearable Sensors.

Full Text