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Sharma, Mahesh
- Variations in the Number of Pulmonary Veins Draining into Left Atrium and its Clinical Significance
Authors
1 Department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, IN
Source
International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences, Vol 6, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 1413-1416Abstract
Background: Pulmonary veins, normally two on each side bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium. During early embryonic life, absorption of pulmonary venous network by the left primitive atrial chamber results in opening of four pulmonary veins which drain independently into its chamber. The extent of absorption and hence, the number of pulmonary veins which open into left atrium may vary.
Objective: The study was done to observe the variation in the number of pulmonary veins opening in the left atrium.
Materials and method: The present study was done on 30 formalin fixed hearts of unknown age and sex which were obtained from the department of anatomy, Government medical college, Chandigarh. These hearts were observed for the variations in pulmonary ostia on right and left sides and were compared on both sides and also with the earlier data.
Results: In 8 (26.67%) out of these 30 hearts, variations were observed in the number of pulmonary veins and ostia either on one side or on both sides of the left atrium. 22 hearts (73.33%) out of 30 hearts had normal pulmonary veins which opened into left atrium via two separate pulmonary ostia, on either side.
Conclusion: Knowledge of number of pulmonary veins and their ostia locations is important to ensure that all ostia are ablated, as ectopic foci may go untreated in variant veins.
Keywords
Pulmonary Veins, Pulmonary Ostia, Cardiac Arrhythmias, Atrial Fibrillation, Ectopic Beats.Full Text
References
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- Changing Dynamics of Hospitality and Tourism Education and its Impact on Employability
Authors
1 KIIT School of Management, Bhubaneswar, IN
2 KIIT School of Management, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, IN
Source
Parikalpana: KIIT Journal of Management, Vol 11, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 1-12Abstract
Change is the only constant factor in the world. This statement applies to the changing dynamics of tourism and hospitality education in India; to generate employability of young mass in the global competitive scenario. 21st century experiences a radical change in the fashion of education in the knowledge economy. In order to fulfil the required skill set and employability of the gennext youth in India present education system tries to patch up with the industry requirement. It plays a major role in reducing demand supply gap of employable youth and employability. Tourism industry is one of the most emerging sectors in India. Success of tourism and hospitality sector depends upon the skill set of the human resources; quality training & education shall generate real professionals in this sector. Tourism education is a special branch of education in India to train and nurture individual for providing world class hospitality services.
The main objective of this research paper is to focus on how education tries to fill up the requirement of tourism sector in India. This paper tries to evaluate various scopes and challenges for the education system in tourism and hospitality. It also proposes a multi-disciplinary education design for tourism education in India and highlights the changing role of tourism education in generating youth employability.
On the basis of secondary data analysis this study tries to examine the development of hospitality & tourism education in India. The study discusses the initiatives by the government for enhancing the youth employability in the tourism sector.
Keywords
Tourism Education, Design Thinking, Employability, Mass Oriented Teaching, Pedagogy.Full Text
- Pattern of Variations in Superficial Palmar Arch and its Clinical Importance
Authors
1 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160030, IN
Source
International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences, Vol 6, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 1483-1487Abstract
Background: Superficial palmar arch (SPA) is an important arterial anastomotic arcade which is the dominant vascular supply to the majority of the palmar muscles.
Objectives: Keeping the importance of these variations in mind this study was designed to find out the pattern of superficial palmar arterial arches.
Materials and Methods: A total of 40 adults upper limbs of unknown sex were observed for the variations in the pattern of superficial palmar arches on right and left side and were compared with the previous data.
Results: A complete superficial palmar arch was encountered in 72.5% (n=29/40) of specimens and an incomplete SPA was observed in 27.5% (n=11/40) of specimens.
Conclusion: Knowledge of the variations in the arterial supply of hand is essential in advent of microvascular surgery for revascularisation, replantation and composite tissue transfers.
Keywords
Superficial Palmar Arch, Ulnar Artery, Median Artery, Radial Artery.Full Text
References
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- Risk Assessment and Stability Analysis of a Recent Landslide at Vishnuprayag on the Rishikesh–Badrinath Highway, Uttarakhand, India
Authors
1 CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee 247 667, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 07 (2018), Pagination: 1527-1533Abstract
A massive landslide was triggered on 19 May 2017 at Vishnuprayag near Joshimath, Uttarakhand, India. The landslide blocked the Rishikesh–Badrinath highway and halted traffic for about 24 h till the debris was removed and the road reopened. The Hathi Pahar hill in Vishnuprayag has been a landslide-prone zone because of the presence of loose boulders and large rock blocks on very steep slopes. The site was visited immediately after the landslide and a rapid field assessment of slope stability was carried out. The stability analysis was performed with limited geological and geotechnical data collected from field and laboratory. Based on the two-dimensional finite element analysis, it was inferred that the slope is marginally stable under static load, but fails under seismic loading. The slope could fail in future due to triggering factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquake and anthropogenic activities. This communication presents field observations and the subsequent stability analysis along with possible suggestive control measures.Keywords
Control Measures, Landslides, Risk Assessment, Slope Stability.Full Text
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