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M. Visalakshi ¹, B. Bhavani ¹, S. Govinda Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle-531 001, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted on sugarcane for white grub management using two entomopathogenic fungi i.e., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in Andhra Pradesh during 2013-14. Among the treatments imposed at the time of planting, M. anisopliae @ 5×10¹³ spores ha^-1 mixed with farm yard manure (FYM) was found effective followed by B. bassiana @ 5×10¹³ spores ha^-1 applied in FYM enriched field and registered 93.6 % and 88.09 % decrease in white grub damage and 77.22 % and 74.08 % decrease in white grub population. The highest cane yield was recorded when M. anisopliae @ 5x1013 spores ha^-1 (81.44 t ha^-1) applied with FYM followed by B. bassiana @ 5×10¹³ spores ha^-1 (76.6 t ha^-1) with FYM . Similar trend was observed by imposing treatments at one month after planting i.e., after the onset of monsoon in the month of july. M. anisopliae @ 5×10¹³ spores ha^-1 (79.73 t ha^-1) recorded highest cane yield followed by B. bassiana @ 5×10¹³ spores ha^-1 (76.45 t ha^-1) when applied with FYM at one month after planting. However, highest percent yield increase was recorded in M. anisopliae @ 5x10¹³ spores ha^-1 (71.56 %) applied with FYM at the time of planting.

Keywords

Sugarcane, Holotrichia consanguinea, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Field Evaluation.

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M. Jawaharlal ¹, M. Visalakshi ¹, S. Cintu ¹, M. Ganga ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, IN

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during 2009-2010 to standardize processing techniques for dried flower production. Foliage of silver oak (Grevillea robusta), thuja (Thuja orientalis) and camellia (Camellia reticulata) was best preserved by glycerinization; leaves were soft and pliable, with lowest moisture and highest overall acceptability. In the case of fully-opened flowers in button-type chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum), gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) and plumeria (Plumeria alba), a combination of sand and silica gel, and microwave-oven embedded method was found to be suitable for drying, with high overall acceptability. Dried pods of jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) and castanospermum (Castanospermum australe) were fully bleached by soaking overnight in 10% sodium hydroxide and subsequent treatment with 2% sodium hydroxide + 2.5% sodium silicate + 35% hydrogen peroxide. Bleached pods were given dye treatments where acrylic dyes showed good dyeing consistency, light fastness, wash fastness and rubbing fastness.

Keywords

Dry Flowers, Glycerinization, Desiccants, Bleaching, Dyeing.

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M. Visalakshi ¹, B. Bhavani ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Anakapalle − 531 001, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Studies on effect of inundative releases of Trichogramma chilonis in sugarcane revealed that the frequency and rate of T. chilonis release had played a significant role in the management of sugarcane shoot borers. Early shoot borer and internode borer incidence was low in T. chilonis @ 75,000/ha/release, 6 times (6.54% and 2.27% ; 3.92% and 5.85%) followed by T. chilonis @ 50,000/ha/release, 6 times (7.9% and 4.26%) whereas untreated control recorded high incidence of early shoot borer and internode borer (10.94% and 15.95 %; 5.12% and 18.25 %) during 2015 and 2016. The sustainability of inundative releases of T. chilonis with highest per cent field recovery was recorded in T. chilonis release @75,000/ha/release, 6 times during monsoon period (68.63% and 20% ) and post monsoon period (29.55% and 37.59 %) as compared to pre monsoon period (12.1% and 9.27 %) of 2015 and 2016. Cane yields recorded in plant crop, 2015 (52.42 t/ha) and ratoon crop, 2016 (47.95 t/ha) revealed that high rate of T. chilonis @ 75,000/ha/release resulted in increased yields (21.77 % and 24.64 %) over untreated control.

Keywords

Field Recovery, Inundative Releases, Trichogramma chilonis.

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