Informatics Publishing Limited

Arockia Maraichelvi ¹, Bani Lekha Phukan ¹, M. Karthika ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore , Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Stress level among Indian school children is high especially before getting into high school (i.e.) before their public exams. The objectives were to Appraise the perceived stress level of school children and identify its institution - specific differences,and to measure the stress level of the parents of the selected children and find out its association with the stress level of their children. The 8th standard students (N=128) and their parents (T=128) of a school under private management (nl=76 and tl=76) and a school run by government (n2=53 and 12=52) in the district of Coimbatore, formed the sample for the study. A checklist was framed to assess the stress level of the selected school children. A parental stress scale with 5 point rating was also formulated. The study was conducted and the data elicited were subjected to statistical analysts. The study indicates higher stress among government school children when compared to private school children. The parental stress does not affect the stress level of parents. The innfluence of other variables are also discussed.

Keywords

Student Stress, Parental Stress, Private and Government School.

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M. Karthika ¹, S. Sumeetha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, IN

Abstract

A cost effective location update using Dream is proposed. The algorithm evaluates the cost in terms of location updates. The cost of updating a location is computed in terms of hops used. Based on this, the number of copies as well as the number of hops the control messages travel are both optimized (minimized) without sacrificing quality. The well known algorithm is incorporated into MDP model where node’s neighboring region can follow different update frequencies and also the separation principle would not affected when the user subjective behavior also incorporated into MDP model. Therefore to minimize the overall costs, location update strategies need to be carefully designed.

Keywords

Control Messages, Dream, Location Update, Markov Decision Process.

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M. Karthika ¹, C. Rajasekaran ²

Affiliations
1 K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Namakkal, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Namakkal, IN

Abstract

The memory subsystem are consumes 50%-75% of the total energy in an embedded Systems. Moreover, there exists a large potential for optimizing the energy consumption of the memory subsystem. Scratchpad Memories are widely employed in embedded systems as an alternative to caches because they achieve comparable performance with higher power efficiency. Here, Optimal SPM Mapping and Memory Power-Down techniques are used for minimize the total energy of the SPM. SPM mapping simply targets the minimum number of accesses to the main memory, i.e., active power. A global optimization should explicitly take into account memory access energy, leakage energy, and power-down/up energy penalty, to define the Optimal SPM mapping and optimal memory power-down scheduling for minimizing the total energy in the memory sub-system. Synthesis results based on 1.32V CMOS standard-cell library shows that the proposed SPM reduces the power consumption by 25-30%.

Keywords

High Level Design, Higher Radix, Modified Booth Encoder, Hard Multiples.

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M. Karthika ¹, K. Pramod ¹, K. C. Ajithkumar ², U. S. Jijith ²

Affiliations
1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram – 695011, Kerala, IN
2 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode - 673008, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Nanodiamonds are nano-sized carbon based particles coming under the family of nanocarbons. Since nanodiamonds have ability to emit bright fluorescence, they were used primarily as biological imaging agents after the introduction of nitrogen defects. These are now widely used because of their inexpensive large-scale synthesis, small particle size, and high biocompatibility. Its large surface area, high absorption capacity and chemical inertness were made advantageous to use as potential medical agents. Nanodiamonds are carbon allotropes of approximately 2 to 8 nm in diameter. Surface of each nanodiamond possess functional groups for wide spectrum of compounds. Nanodiamonds have the acceptable properties includes hardness, chemical inertness, surface area, solubility, optical properties and allows chemical modification. Its large surface area provides space for loading of drug by adsorption. By this mechanism, it is easy to create smart environment-and stimuli-responsive nanodiamond drug delivery and release system. It can be also used for bioimaging, localised chemotherapeutic drug delivery, improving image resolution of MRI, insulin administration and used in Skin and dental care preparation and cosmetics. As nanodiamond drug delivery is an emerging and growing concept, it will gaining more attraction by industries and many research scientists due to its wide potential and acceptance.

Keywords

Adsorption, Cancer, Graphite, Nanodiamonds, Nanoparticles.

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M. Karthika ¹, Prakash Chandra Bhardwaj ², Deisha B. Rymbui ³, W. Kanan ⁴, W. Asoka Singh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, JIPMER, Puducherry, IN
2 Department of Health Services, Manipur, IN
3 Department of Health Services, Meghalaya, IN
4 Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, IN

Abstract

Patients with asthma have an ongoing inflammation, which can be assessed by measuring serum C- reactive protein.

Objective: To explore whether CRP could be used as a predictor of disease outcome in asthma. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 asthma patients attending Respiratory Medicine outpatient services in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal from January 2015 to September 2016. Patients aged 18-67 were included in the study after obtaining Ethical approval from the Research Ethics Board, RIMS, Imphal. Computerized Spirometer Helios 401 was the instrument used to measure lung volumes and capacities. BeneSphera^TM CRP Latex Slide test kit was used to estimate serum C-reactive protein.

Results and Observation: The present study was conducted on fifty asthma patients in which serum CRP level showed association with severity of asthma ( p=0.001) but serum CRP level with spirometric parameters showed significant negative correlation; FVC (r=-0.711, p<0.001), FEV₁ (r=-0.665, p<0.001), FEV₁/FVC (r=-0.429, p=0.002), FEF_25-75% (r=-0.535, p<0.001), and PEFR (r=-0.515, p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study we found association between serum CRP level and asthma and plasma CRP may be used as a marker of prognosis in patients with asthma.

Keywords

C- Reactive Protein, Asthma.

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M. Karthika ¹, Prakash Chandra Bhardwaj ², Laimayum Amarnath Sharma ³, W. Kanan ⁴, W. Asoka Singh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Physiology, JIPMER, Puducherry, IN
2 Department of Health Services, Manipur
3 DR TB Center, JNIMS Hospital, Imphal, Manipur, IN
4 Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, IN

Abstract

Obstructive airways disease is an important cause of mortality and morbidity around the world and smoking has a significant role in the development and progression of the disease. Objective: To analyse the relationship between smoking and obstructive airways disease. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 patients with obstructive airways disease attending Respiratory Medicine outpatient services in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal from January 2015 to September 2016. Patients aged 18-67 were included in the study after obtaining Ethical approval from the Research Ethics Board, RIMS, Imphal. Computerized Spirometer Helios 401 was the instrument used to measure lung volumes and capacities. Results and observation: The present study was conducted on 100 patients with obstructive airways disease. The lung function test values of OAD patients showed that FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC values were within normal limits. But FEF_25-75%, and PEFR were lower suggesting that smaller airways were affected in obstructive airway disease. In our study we found that OAD was strongly associated with smoking status(p<0.001), smoking pack-years(p=0.000), and smoking duration(p<0.001). Conclusion: From the study results we conclude that that Obstructive airway disease was strongly associated with smoking. Smoking cessation is the best and most effective solution to this problem. Other measures such as screening with spirometric tests in high risk individuals especially the smokers in age group of 40-55 should be considered to reduce the mortality and morbidity due to Obstructive airway disease.

Keywords

Obstructive Airways Disease (OAD), Smoking, Spirometric Test.

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