Informatics Publishing Limited

M. JayaLakshmi ¹, K. Maharajan ¹, B. Paramasivan ¹

Affiliations
1 National Engineering College, Kovilpatti-628 503, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

This paper focuses on an application of wireless sensor networks for leakage detection in underground water pipes to overcome the problem of water dispersion in water distribution networks. Leakage prevention and breaks identification in water distribution networks are fundamental for an adequate use of natural resources. Nowadays, all over the world, water wasting along the distribution path reaches untenable percentages (up to 80 % in some regions). Since the pipes are buried within the terrain, typically only relevant breaks are considered for restorations: excavations are very expensive and consequently the costs to identify the position of the leakage or just the position of the pipe itself are too high. To address this problem, and simplify the leakage identification process, the authors have designed a wireless network system making use of mobile wireless sensors able to detect breaks and reveal unknown tracks and monitor the pressure spectrum of the fluid flowing in the pipe. The sensors transmit the acquired data from the terrain to the surface by use of a wireless connection. On the surface ground there are stations that receive the signal, process it, and communicate with a central unit where necessary intelligent signal processing techniques are used to detect leakage sources. Compared to other leakage detection solutions already available in the market (such as: Ground penetrating radar (GPR), pure acoustic techniques and tracer gases), the proposed technique appears very efficient and much more inexpensive.

Keywords

Wireless Sensor Networks, Leakage Detection, Leakage Prevention, GPR, Acoustic Techniques, Tracer Gases.

Full Text

     

K. Maharajan ¹, M. JayaLakshmi ¹, B. Paramasivan ¹, V. SivaKumar ¹

Affiliations
1 National Engineering College, Kovilpatti.-628 503, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Today‟s wireless network has become one of the most important communication medium. However, providing secure communication for wireless network has become the challenging issues at present days. In present communication system, traditional cryptography was used for secure communication. It has more computational complexity and intruder may easily retrieve the encrypted messages. To overcome this complexity we aim to design a new protocol using quantum bits for enhancing the security. Quantum mechanics defines structure and behavior of quantum bits (i.e.) often called Qubits and it is thousand times faster than traditional one. A traditional computer system uses two bits 0 (or) 1. In quantum system uses Qubits that is normally represented mathematically by vectors such as |0>, |1> as two states, and four bases |H>, |V>, |R>, |L>. By this quantum cryptography method two parties may generate secret cryptographic key known as checkbits which are generated using static quantum channel. Two channels namely public and hidden channels are used to transfer data through secured mode without encryption. By using hidden channel concept in quantum mechanics, secure transmission of data without encryption can be done.

Keywords

Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Bits, Check Bits, Public Channel, Hidden Channel.

Full Text

     

G. Venkateswarlu ¹, M. Jayalakshmi ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Management Studies, Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur, Andhra Pardesh, IN

Abstract

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNGREGS) is playing a vital role for rural people and helps to boost up the involvement of women in society and economy. There is inequality and vulnerability of women in all spheres of life. They need to be empowered in all walks of life. Without the active participation of women, establishment of a new social order may not be successful, because women constitute half of the population. It firmly states that the status of women would not change merely by bringing legislations;it must be supported by change in the women's social circumstances and situations and also in men's existing attitude towards women. The present paper studies the women's participation through MGNREGS in Andhra Pradesh and also the issues and challenges related to women participation in MGNREGS.

Keywords

MGNREGS, Women Empowerment, Issues and Challenges.

Full Text

     

K. Ragavendra Chowdary ¹, M. Jayalakshmi ¹, G. Prasadbabu ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (ANGRAU), Banavasi, Kurnool (A.P.), IN

Abstract

The soil health card (SHC) is used to assess the current status of soil health and when used over time, helps to determine changes in soil health that are affected by land management. A SHC displays soil health indicators and associated descriptive terms. The SHC carries cropwise recommendations of nutrients / fertilizers required for farms, making it possible for farmers to improve productivity by using appropriate inputs. The Central Government is providing assistance to State Governments for setting up soil testing laboratories for issuing such SHCs to farmers. State Governments have adopted innovative practices like involvement of agricultural students, NGOs and private sector in soil testing, determining average soil health of villages, etc., to issue SHCs. Though quite a few states including Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Haryana are successfully distributing such cards, the Centre plans to make it a pan India effort. According to a data, till November 15th 2017, over 9.72 crore soil health cards have been issued to farmers to make them aware about nutrient deficiencies in their fields.

Keywords

Soil Health Card, Behaviour Among Farmers.

Full Text