Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Shekhar, M. S.
- Recent Wintertime Climatic Variability over the North West Himalayan Cryosphere
Abstract Views :274 |
PDF Views:86
Authors
Affiliations
1 Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Him Parisar, Sector 37A, Chandigarh 160 036, IN
1 Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Him Parisar, Sector 37A, Chandigarh 160 036, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 04 (2018), Pagination: 760-770Abstract
This study discusses the observed long-term (1991–2015) and short-term (1991–2000 and 2001–2015) trends in winter temperature and precipitation over Northwestern Himalaya (NWH) along with its constituents, i.e. Lower Himalaya (LH), Greater Himalaya (GH) and Karakoram Himalaya (KH). An overall warming signature was observed over NWH since maximum, minimum and mean temperatures followed rising trends with a total increase of 0.9°C, 0.19°C and 0.65°C respectively, in 25 years, the increase being statistically significant for maximum and mean temperatures. However, warming was not consistent over all zones of NWH with minimum temperature at LH showing anomalous cooling by 0.83°C (statistically significant at α = 0.05) during 25 years. The rise in mean temperature was observed highest at GH, i.e. 0.87°C (1991–2015) followed by KH, i.e. 0.56°C, which is in agreement with observations of comparatively higher rate of glacier retreat over GH than KH as reported in several studies. Total precipitation (rainfall + snowfall) was found to increase whereas snowfall was found to decrease with concurrent significant increase in rainfall at all zones of NWH. The spatiotemporal winter climatic variations over NWH support the impact on recently reported findings on the Himalayan snow cover and glacier variations at different durations.Keywords
Climate Change, Cryosphere, Rainfall, Winter Warming and Precipitation.References
- Kapos, V., Rhind, J., Edwards, M., Ravilious, C. and Price, M., Developing a map of the world’s mountain forests. In Forests in a Sustainable Mountain Environment (eds Price, M. F. and Butt, N.), CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 2000.
- Meybeck, M., Green, P. and Vörösmarty, C., A new typology for mountains and other relief classes: an application to global continental water resources and population distribution. Mt. Res. Develop., 2000, 21, 34–45.
- Beniston, M., Variations in snow depth and duration in the Swiss Alps over the last 50 years: links to changes in the large scale climatic forcing. Climate Change, 1997, 36, 281–300.
- Broccoli, A. J. and Manabe, S., The effect of orography on mid latitude Northern hemisphere dry climates. J. Clim., 1992, 5, 1181–1201.
- Nepal, S., Impacts of climate change on the hydrological regime of the Koshi river basin in the Himalayan region. J. Hydroenviron. Res., 2016, 10, 76–89.
- Thompson, L. G., Ice core evidence for climate changes in the tropics: implications for our future. Quaternary Sci. Rev., 2000, 19, 19–35.
- Diaz, H. F., Grosjean, M. and Graumlich, L., Climatic variability and change in high elevation regions: past, present and future. Climate Change, 2003, 59, 1–4.
- Rees, H. G. and Collins, D. N., Regional differences in response of flow in glacier-fed Himalayan rivers to climatic warming. Hydrol. Process., 2006, 20, 2157–2169.
- UN Environmental Program and World Glacier Monitoring Service. Global Glacier Change: Facts and Figures, UNEP Publ., Zurich, Switzerland, 2008; http://www.grid.unep.ch/glaciers/
- Scherler, D., Bookhagen, B. and Strecker, M. R., Spatially variable response of Himalayan glaciers to climate change affected by debris cover. Nature Geosci., 2011, 4, 156; doi:10.1038/NGEO1068.
- Bhutiyani, M. R., Kale, V. S. and Pawar, N. J., Long-term trends in maximum, minimum and mean annual air temperatures across the Northwestern Himalaya during the twentieth century. Climate Change, 2007, 85, 159–177; doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9196-1.
- Shekhar, M. S., Chand, H., Kumar, S., Srinivasan, K. and Ganju, A., Climate-change studies in the western Himalaya. Ann. Glaciol., 2010, 51, 105–112; doi:10.3189/172756410791386508.
- Dimri, A. P. and Dash, S. K., Wintertime climatic trends in the western Himalayas. Climate Change, 2012, 111(3–4), 775–800.
- Singh, D., Sharma, V. and Juyal, V., Observed linear trend in few surface weather elements over the Northwest Himalayas (NWH) during winter season. J. Earth Syst. Sci., 2015, 124(3), 553–565.
- Fowler, H. J. and Archer, D. R., Conflicting signals of climatic change in the upper Indus Basin. J. Climate, 2006, 19, 4276–4293, doi:10.1175/jcli3860.1.
- Khattak, M. S., Babel, M. S. and Sharif, M., Hydro meteorological trends in the upper Indus River Basin in Pakistan. Climate Res., 2011, 46, 103–119; doi:10.3354/cr00957.
- Yadav, R. R., Park, W.-K., Singh, J. and Dubey, B., Do the western Himalayas defy global warming? Geophys. Res. Lett., 2004, 31, L17201; doi:10.1029/2004GL020201.
- Gusain, H. S., Mishra, V. D. and Bhutiyani, M. R., Winter temperature and snowfall trends in the cryospheric region of North-west Himalaya. MAUSAM, 2014, 65(3), 425–432.
- Sharma, S. S. and Ganju, A., Complexities of avalanche forecasting in Western Himalaya – an overview. Cold Region Sci. Technol., 2000, 31, 95–102.
- Negi, H. S., Datt, P., Thakur, N. K., Ganju, A., Bhatia, V. K. and Vinay Kumar, G., Observed spatio-temporal changes of winter snow albedo over the north-west Himalaya. Int. J. Climatol., 2016, 37(5), 2304–2317; doi:10.1002/joc.4846.
- Bolch, T. et al., The state and fate of Himayan glaciers. Science, 2012, 336(6079), 310–314.
- Kulkarni, A. V. and Karyakarte, Y., Observed changes in Himalayan glaciers. Curr. Sci., 2014, 106(02), 237–244.
- Hewitt, K., The Karakoram anomaly? Glacier expansion and the ‘elevation effect’, Karakoram, Himalaya. Mountain Res. Develop., 2005, 25(4), 332–340.
- Bhambri, R., Bolch, T., Kawishwar, P., Dobhal, D. P., Srivastava, D. and Pratap, B., Heterogeneity in glacier response in the upper Shyok valley, northeast Karakoram. Cryosphere, 2013, 7(5), 1385–1398; doi:10.5194/tc-7-1385-2013.
- Azam, M. F., Wagnon, P., Vincent, C., Ramanathan, A., Linda, A. and Singh, V. B., Reconstruction of the annual mass balance of Chhota Shigri glacier, Western Himalaya, India, since 1969. Ann. Glaciol., 2014, 55(66), 69–80.
- Vijay, S. and Braun, M., Elevation change rates of glaciers in the Lahaul-Spiti (Western Himalaya, India) during 2000–2012 and 2012–2013. Remote Sensing, 2016, 8, 1038.
- Gardelle, J., Berthier, E. and Arnaud, Y., Slight mass gain of Karakoram glaciers in the early twenty-first century. Nature Geosci. Lett., 2012, 5, 322–325; doi:10.1038/NGEO1450.
- Kaab, A., Berthier, E., Nuth, C., Gardelle, J. and Arnaud, Y., Contrasting patterns of early twenty-first-century glacier mass change in the Himalayas. Nature Lett., 2012, 488, 495–498; doi:10.1038/nature11324.
- Gurung, D. R., Kulkarni, A. V., Giriraj, A., Aung, K. S., Shrestha, B. and Srinivasan, J., Changes in seasonal snow cover in Hindu Kush-Himalayan region. Cryosphere Discuss, 2011, 5, 755–777; doi:10.5194/tcd-5-755-2011.
- Immerzeel, W. W., Droogers, P., de Jong, S. M. and Bierkens, M. F. P., Large-scale monitoring of snow cover and runoff simulation in Himalayan river basins using remote sensing. Remote Sensing Environ., 2009, 113, 40–49; doi:10.1016/j.rse.2008.08.010.
- Singh, S. K., Rathore, B. P., Bahuguna, I. M. and Ajai, Snow cover variability in the Himalayan–Tibetan region. Int. J. Climatol., 2014, 34, 446–452.
- Negi, H. S., Shekhar, M. S., Gusain, H. S. and Ganju, A., Winter climate and snow cover variability over north-west Himalaya. In Science Geopolitics of the White World – Arctic–Antarctic–Himalaya, Springer, 2017, pp. 127–142.
- Prasad, A. K., Yang, K. H. S., El-Askary, H. M. and Kafatos, M., Melting of major glaciers in the western Himalayas: evidence of climatic changes from long term MSU derived tropospheric temperature trend (1979–2008). Ann. Geophys., 2009, 27, 4505–4519.
- Xu, J. Z. et al., Dust storm activity over the Tibetan Plateau recorded by a shallow ice core from the north slope of Mt. Qomolangma (Everest), Tibet–Himal region. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2007, 34, L17504; doi:10.1029/2007GL030853.
- Lee, K. et al., Atmospheric pollution for trace elements in the remote high-altitude atmosphere in central Asia as recorded in snow from Mt. Qomolangma (Everest) of the Himalayas. Sci. Total Environ., 2008, 404(1), 171–181.
- Raghunath, H. M., Hydrology, Principles, Analysis and Design, New Age International, New Delhi, 2006.
- Xia, Y., Fabian, P., Stohl, A. and Winterhalter, M., Forest climatology: estimation of missing values for Bavaria, Germany. Agric. For. Meteorol., 1999, 96, 131–144.
- Kashani, M. H. and Dinpashoh, Y., Evaluation of efficiency of different estimation methods for missing climatological data. Stochastic Environ. Res. Risk Assess., 2012, 26, 59–71.
- Kanda, N., Negi, H. S., Rishi, M. S. and Shekhar, M. S., Performance of various techniques in estimating missing climatological data over snow bound mountainous areas of Karakoram Himalaya. Meteorol. Apps., 2017 (online); doi:10.1002/met.1699.
- Salmi, T., Määttä, A., Anttila, P., Ruoho-Airola, T. and Amnell, T., Detecting trends of annual values of atmospheric pollutants by the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimates: the Excel template application. Report, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, 2002.
- Karl, T. R. et al., Asymmetric trends of daily maximum and minimum temperature. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 1993, 74, 1007–1023.
- Dash, S. K., Jenamani, R. K., Kalsi, S. R. and Panda, S. K., Some evidence of climate change in twentieth-century India. Climatic Change, 2007, 85(3–4), 299–321.
- Krishnan, R. and Ramanathan, V., Evidence of surface cooling from absorbing aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2002, 29(9), 1340; 10.1029/2002GL014687.
- Rupa, K. K., Krishna Kumar, K. and Pant, G. B., Diurnal asymmetry of surface temperature trends over India. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1994, 21(8), 677–680.
- Braganza, K., Karoly, D. J. and Arblaster, J. M., Diurnal temperature range as an index of global climate change during the twentieth century. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2004, 31, L13217; doi:10.1029/2004GL019998.
- Dai, A., Del Genio, A. D. and Fung, I. Y., Clouds, precipitation and temperature range. Nature, 1997, 386, 665–666.
- Dai, A., Trenberth, K. E. and Karl, T. R., Effects of clouds, soil moisture, precipitation and water vapor on diurnal temperature range. J. Clim., 1999, 12, 2451–2473.
- Lewis, S. C. and Karoly, D. J., Evaluation of historical diurnal temperature range trends in CMIP5 models. J. Climate, 2013, 26(22), 9077–9089.
- Gallo, K. P., Easterling, D. R. and Peterson, T. C., The influence of land use/land cover on climatological values of the diurnal temperature range. J. Climate, 1996, 9, 2941–2944.
- Francou, B., Vuille, M., Favier, V. and Cáceres, B., New evidence for an ENSO impact on low latitude glaciers: Antizana 15, Andes of Ecuador, 028S. J. Geophys. Res., 2004, 109, D18106; doi:10.1029/2003JD004484.
- Shekhar, M. S., Devi, U., Paul, S., Singh, G. P. and Singh, A., Analysis of trends in extreme precipitation events over Western Himalaya Region: intensity and duration wise study. J. Indian Geophys. Union, 2017, 21(3), 225–231.
- Klein Tank, A. M. G. et al., Changes in daily temperature and precipitation extremes in central and South Asia. J. Geophys Res., 2006, 111, D16105; doi:10.1029/2005JD006316.
- Choi, G. et al., Changes in means and extreme events of temperature and precipitation in the Asia-Pacific Network region, 1955–2007. Int. J. Climatol., 2009, 29(13), 906–1925.
- Madhura, R. K., Krishnan, R., Revadekar, J. V., Majumdar, M. and Goswami, B. N., Changes in western disturbances over the Western Himalayas in a warming environment. Climate Dyn., 2015, 44, 1157–1168.
- Menon, S., Koch, D., Beig, G., Sahu, S., Fasullo, J. and Orlikowski, D., Black carbon aerosols and the third polar ice cap. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2010, 10, 4559–4571; doi:10.5194/acp-10-45590.
- Bahuguna, I. M. et al., Are the Himalayan glaciers retreating? Curr. Sci., 2014, 106, 1008–1015.
- Sirguey, P., Still, H., Cullen, N. J., Dumont, M., Arnaud, Y. and Conway, J. P., Reconstructing the mass balance of Brewster Glacier, New Zealand, using MODIS-derived glacier-wide albedo. Cryosphere, 2016, 10, 2465–2484.
- Restoration of Old Genus Name Penaeus Based on Molecular Phylogenetic Affiliations Using Complete Mitochondrial Genome
Abstract Views :229 |
PDF Views:77
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai 680 028, IN
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai 680 028, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 121, No 3 (2021), Pagination: 423-428Abstract
Genus Penaeus sensu lato has been focus of intense scientific research for several decades owing to the high market demand of this group. Twenty eight species of shrimps, were grouped in this genus until Perez Farfante and Kensely raising the former six subgenera in this genus to generic status. Being a most valuable group, this decision made considerable concern among the end users. Recently research group from ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture made a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis and confirmed the monophyletic origin of genus Penaeus. In the present article we provide a summary of the revisionary work, and currently accepted binomial to encourage practitioners to use the modern up-to-date classification.Keywords
Genus Penaeus, Molecular Phylogenetic Affiliations, Mitochondrial Genome, Scientific Name.References
- Crisp, D. J. and Fogg, G. E., Taxonomic instability continues to irritate. Nature, 1988, 335(6186), 120–121.
- Teletchea, F., Systematics and aquaculture: what could they bring to each other? J. Life Sci., 2016, 10, 240–244.
- Flegel, T. W., Confirmation of the right to refuse revision in the genus Penaeus. Aquaculture, 2008, 1, 1–4.
- Burkenroad, D., The Penaeidae of Louisiana, with a discussion of their world relationships. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1934, 68, 61–143.
- Dall, W., Hill, B., Rothlisberg, P. and Sharples, D., The biology of the Penaeidae. In Advances in Marine Biology (eds Blaxter, J. H. S. and Southward, A. J.), Academic Press, New York, 1990, pp. 1–489.
- Lavery, S., Chan, T. Y., Tam, Y. K. and Chu, K. H., Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the shrimp genus Penaeus sl derived from mitochondrial DNA. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol., 2004, 31(1), 39–49.
- Farfante, P. I. and Kensley, B. F., Penaeoid and sergestoid shrimps and prawns of the world. Keys and diagnoses for the families and genera. Mémoir. Muséum National d’Histoire Natur., 1997, 175, 1–233.
- Schram, F. R. and Ng, P. K., What is cancer? J. Crustacean Biol., 2012, 32(4), 665–672.
- Flegel, T. W., The right to refuse revision in the genus Penaeus. Aquaculture, 2007, 64, 2–8.
- Auttarat, J., Phiriyangkul, P. and Utarabhand, P., Characterization of vitellin from the ovaries of the banana shrimp Litopenaeus merguiensis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, 2006, 143, 27–36.
- Rosenberry, B., Why are you still saying ‘Litopenaeus’ vannamei? Shrimp News International, 9 February 2015.
- Baldwin, J. D., Bass, A. L., Bowen, B. W. and Clark Jr, W. H., Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the marine shrimp Penaeus. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 1998, 10, 399–407.
- Chu, K. H., Li, C. P., Tam, Y. K. and Lavery, S., Application of mitochondrial control region in population genetic studies of the shrimp Penaeus. Mol. Ecol. Notes, 2003, 3(1), 120–122.
- Maggioni, R., Rogers, A. D., Maclean, N. and D’Incao, F., Molecular phylogeny of western Atlantic Farfantepenaeus and Litopenaeus shrimp based on mitochondrial 16S partial sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2001, 18, 66–73.
- Voloch, C. M., Freire, P. R. and Russo, C. A., Molecular phylogeny of penaeid shrimps inferred from two mitochondrial markers. Genet. Mol. Biol., 2005, 4, 668–674.
- Wang, Z. Y., Tsoi, K. H. and Chu, K. H., Applications of AFLP technology in genetic and phylogenetic analysis of penaeid shrimp. Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2004, 32, 399–407.
- Ma, K. Y., Chan, T. Y. and Chu, K. H., Refuting the six–genus classification of Penaeus sl (Dendrobranchiata, Penaeidae): a combined analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Zool. Scr., 2011, 40, 498–508.
- Morin, P. A. et al., Complete mitochondrial genome phylogeographic analysis of killer whales (Orcinus orca) indicates multiple species. Genome Res., 2010, 20, 908–916.
- DeFilippis, V. R. and Moore, W. S., Resolution of phylogenetic relationships among recently evolved species as a function of amount of DNA sequence: an empirical study based on woodpeckers (Aves: Picidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2000, 16(1), 143–160.
- Rokas, A. and Carroll, S. B., More genes or more taxa? The relative contribution of gene number and taxon number to phylogenetic accuracy. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2005, 22, 1337–1344.
- Ma, H., Ma, C., Li, X., Xu, Z., Feng, N. and Ma, L., The complete mitochondrial genome sequence and gene organization of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) with phylogenetic consideration. Gene, 2013, 519, 120–127.
- Katneni, V. K. et al., Phylogenetic relations and mitogenome‐wide similarity metrics reveal monophyly of Penaeus sensu lato. Ecol. Evol., 2021, 11, 2040–2049.
- Guindon, S., Dufayard, J. F., Lefort, V., Anisimova, M., Hordijk, W. and Gascuel, O., New algorithms and methods to estimate maximum-likelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0. System. Biol., 2010, 59, 307–321.
- Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P. B., Wright, A. M., Senfeld, T. and Calcott, B., PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Mol. Biol. Evol., 2017, 34, 772–773.
- Stamatakis, A., RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics, 2014, 30, 1312–131.
- Huelsenbeck, J. P. and Ronquist, F., MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics, 2001, 17(8), 754–755.
- McLaughlin, P. A., Lemaitre, R., Ferrari, F. D., Felder, D. L. and Bauer, R. T., A reply to TW Flegel. Aquaculture, 2008, 275, 370–373.
- Seberg, O., Humphries, C. J., Knapp, S., Stevenson, D. W., Petersen, G., Scharff, N. and Andersen, N. M., Shortcuts in systematics? A commentary on DNA-based taxonomy. Trends Ecol. Evol., 2003, 18(2), 63–65.