Informatics Publishing Limited

Lina Yi ¹, Yuandong Ma ², Qingfeng Cui ², Li Yu ², Lixin Huang ², Jafarzadeh Dhakal ³

Affiliations
1 Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Langfang, Hebei 065007, CN
2 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development (Langfang), Langfang, Hebei 065007, CN
3 EADBIO Center, Elche, 06079, Alicante, ES

Abstract

This paper examines the total bacterial concentration and the functional bacteria concentration of the injection water from the injection well LU3064 and the produced fluid from the production well LU3036 using the plate count method and the most-probable-number method. We find that the bacterial community of the injection water is more complex and the bacteria concentration is higher than those of the produce fluid. Additionally, the surface tension of the produced fluid is lower than that of the injection water by 12%. We performed a diversity analysis to the injection water from LU3064 and the produced fluid from LU3036 by constructing the 16S rDNA clone library using molecular biology approaches. Through the comparison to GenBank, we found that the community in the injection water has a high diversity. The dominant bacteria belong to Alphaproteobacteria. The bacterial community of the produced fluid is relatively simpler, where Pseudomonas constitutes more than 80%, which are the dominant bacteria. There are also other functional bacteria such as Bacillus that exists in the produced fluid. We conclude that the oil recovery of Luliang oil field can be increased by microorganism flooding method.

Keywords

Luliang Oil Field, Microbial Community, 16S rDNA Library, Injection Well, Oil Well.

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Meng Chong ¹, Kong Fanli ², Yin Hua ², Li Yu ²

Affiliations
1 MOE Key Laboratory of Regional Energy Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, CN
2 Hydrology and Water Resource Bureau of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130021, CN

Abstract

In this study, sediment volume, heavy metals Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg, As, Cd and the nutrient substance such as TOC, TN, TP in sediment in a reservoir (an urban water source) in China were employed as the contamination index to assess the sediment pollution, using the method of index of geo-accumulation (I_geo). The result shows that, apart from sample 13# of Pb and 20# of Cu, the I_geos of which are between 0 and 1, there is no other heavy metal pollution occurred in the reservoir. For the nutrient matters, TOC, TP and TN, the pollution levels are below the national average in this reservoir. The sediment volume is estimated as 5.6 × 10₇ m₃, nearly 10% of the storage capacity of the reservoir at the normal water level, implying that the situation of the sediment will affect the water supply in some way and it is essential to take measures to control this potential sediment pollution. The authors suggest that the dredging technology is the most effective way to solve sediment pollution in this reservoir, as the nutrient matters in the sediment are much abundant and could be used for resource utilization, such as building materials, fill materials and land use. Compared to the others, land use shows more potential for future development.

Keywords

Sediment, Index of Geo-Accumulation, Heavy Metals, Dredging Technology.

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Sajid Ur Rahman ¹, Xichun Wang ¹, Li Yu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei-230036, CN

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the body weight (BW) gain and physiological parameters such as temperature, respiratory rate (RR), and heart rate (HR) of Angora rabbit reared in different housing systems.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 angora rabbits (age 4-6 months), weight 1.5 kg in average were divided into three groups, i.e., (outdoor control [OC], indoor in cages [IC], and indoor open [IO]). All rabbits were reared for 10 weeks. Feed and water were given ad libitum. BW gain and physiological parameters such as temperature, RR, and HR were recorded.
Results: All parameters showed some degree of variations. The BW differed significantly (p<0.05). The mean BW in kilogram (kg) of OC group was 1.59±0.03 obtained during the experimental period, while the BW of IC group shows a decrease of 1.43±0.05 and IO group it was 1.49±0.06 kg. The body temperature (BT) of the control group was 38.83±1.07°C, but IC and IO groups show increased in BT (39.10±0.78°C) and (39.33±1.24°C), indicated no significant difference among the groups (p=0.05). The RR in breaths/min of OC group recorded was 40.3±5.20, but the RR recorded for IC and IO groups was 41.2±7.29 and 39.3±6.30 breaths/min, respectively, showed less variation. The HR obtained in beat/min of OC group was 136.9±15.22, IC group (139.1±16.42) and IO group were (139.6±19.90 beat/min) showed less substantial variation.
Conclusion: The present study clearly indicates that housing rabbits in cages and stress condition is a cause of poor welfare due to movement constraint, it will affect the body biotic parameters such as normal temperature, respiration as well as it can reduce the growth performance of animals significantly but housing system may not affect HR.

Keywords

Body Weight, Heart Rate, Physiological Parameters, Respiratory Rate, Temperature.

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