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Lenkalapally Matsyagiri ¹, Kommu Sudhakar ¹, Takkadpelliwar Santoshi ¹, Masna Nagarjuna ¹, N. L. Gowrishankar ¹

Affiliations
1 Swami Vivekananda Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vangapally, Yadagirigutta, Nalgonda-508286, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Cleome viscose or sticky cleome is a small, erect profusely branched annual herb. It is widely distributed around villages and in waste places, fallow fields and avenues, flowers appear as yellow color, in axillary or terminal racemes. The whole plant and its parts (leaves, seeds, and ischolar_mains) are widely used in traditional and folkloric systems of medicine. Various parts of cleome viscosa used as traditional folk medicines for the treatment of helmintic infections, joint pains as rubifacient, vesicant, sudoprific. The research work has done on antipyretic, anticonvulsant, hepatoprotective, analgesic, psychopharmacological, antidiarrheal, anthelmintic, antiseptic, carminative, and antiscorbutic, sudoprific, febrifuge, and cardiac stimulant. Cleome viscosa mainly contain number of elements like nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, calcium, iron manganese, zinc, sodium, chloride, magnesium, copper, boron, silicon and nutritional vitamin like vitamin C, source of flavonoids, anthraquinone glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, glycosides, fatty acids (linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid) beta carotene, saponins, coumarin lignanes are found to be responsible for several of its pharmacological; effects. This present review is, therefore, an effort to give detailed evidence based information regarding the pharmacological effects of the plant.

Keywords

Cleome viscosa, Medicinal Uses, Pharmacological Effects, Photochemistry.

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Kommu Sudhakar ¹, G. S. Sreenivasa Murthy ¹, Gaddam Rajeshwari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, P V Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, P V Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN

Abstract

Aim: Bovine visceral schistosomiasis has been reported as an important disease entity as it affects animal health, productivity, causes economic losses due to liver condemnation, and produces a high morbidity. This study was conducted to standardize an easy, reliable dot-enzyme-linked immmunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of visceral schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma spindale and to know the prevalence rate in and around Hyderabad.
Materials and Methods: A dot-ELISA was standardized in the laboratory using whole worm antigen (WWA) and excretory-secretory antigen (ESA) of S. spindale. The standardized test was used for the diagnosis of bovine visceral schistosomiasis at field level. The sensitivity and specificity of the test was compared with counter current immunoelectrophoresis. In total, 288 sera (125 cattle and 163 buffalo) were screened by dot-ELISA.
Results: The dot-ELISA detected 32.63% of infection (94/288) using WWA and 40.62% of infection (117/288) using ESA. In cattle, the prevalence rate was 32.80% (41/125) using WWA and 40.80% (51/125) of infection. Similarly, in buffaloes, the prevalence rate was 32.51% (53/163) using WWA and 40.49% (66/163) of infection using ESA. The overall sensitivity of dot-ELISA was 76.74% and 80.48% with WWA and ESA, respectively, and specificity was 73.3% and 78.57% in WWA and ESA, respectively.
Conclusion: As ante-mortem diagnosis of visceral schistosomiasis is difficult in subclinical conditions, dot-ELISA can be used as a reliable immunodiagnostic test for diagnosis at field level.

Keywords

Dot-Enzyme-Linked Immmunosorbent Assay, Excretory-Secretory Antigen, Schistosoma spindale, Whole Worm Antigen.

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