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Nidhi Budhalakoti ¹, Kalpana Kulshrestha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

Objective: To establish relationship between, body composition, anthropometric measurements and physical activity levels with hypothyroidism. Material and methods: The study was carried out in Pantnagar area of Udham Singh Nagar district, Uttarakhand on 150 female subjects of age between 21 to 50 years, selected by random sampling. The plan of study was carried out in two phases. Basic anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, waist and hip circumference measurements were taken using standard methods. Body composition of the subjects was determined using bioelectrical impedance and physical activity levels of the subjects was also determined in the first phase. Blood samples of the subjects suspected to have hypothyroidism (n = 30) on the basis of symptoms, anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis were also collected for estimation of thyroid hormone levels in the second phase. Results: A significant positive correlation was seen (p ≤ 0.01) in case of anthropometric and body composition parameters such as weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index and fat mass per cent whereas, in case of fat free mass, total body water, protein, mineral and muscle mass per cent a significant negative correlation was seen with hypothyroidism. On the basis of physical activity pattern there was a significant difference between the average number of hours spent by hypothyroid patients (7.6 ± 0.39) and normal subjects (7.40 ± 0.59) in sleeping, physical work like brisk walking, exercise, jogging or yoga and average number of hours spent in leisure (chatting, socialization, watching T.V., reading magazine, listening to music, napping). There was a non-significant positive correlation between disease and hours spent in sleeping, leisure and household work. Whereas, a non-significant negative correlation was seen between disease and hours spent in personal care/ grooming or hygiene, miscellaneous activities, physical work and occupational work. Conclusion: Conclusively it can be said that individuals with high weight, BMI and waist and hip circumference along with the symptoms like weight gain, puffy face, hands and feet, increased need for sleep, constipation, poor muscle tone (muscle hypotonia), impaired cognitive function (brain fog) and inattentiveness, depression etc. should undergo body composition analysis and biochemical screening for thyroid function so that their status is clear. If in such individuals after body composition analysis fat mass per cent is increased along with decreased fat free mass, total body water, protein, mineral and muscle mass per cent and thyroid function tests are not normal mainly with increased TSH levels and with or without reduced T₃ and T₄ levels then the individuals are suffering from hypothyroidism.

Keywords

Anthropometric Parameters, Body Composition Parameters, Physical Activity, Hypothyroidism.

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Parul Bora ¹, Kalpana Kulshrestha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, PANTNAGAR (UTTARAKHAND), IN
2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, PANTNAGAR (UTTARAKHAND), IN

Abstract

Thyroid is an endocrine gland located below the larynx. The principal thyroid hormones are thyroxin (T₄) and tri-iodothyroxine (T₃). The current study was carried out to investigate the changes in body weight, basal metabolic rate, total fat per cent and prevalence of obesity in hypothyroid subjects. The obesity epidemic has reached alarming numbers, the problem is multi-faceted and requires the understanding of different areas in order to effectively address the growing obese population and begin to reverse the current trends. The present study is cross-sectional in design and aimed at understanding the association between thyroid function and obesity in individuals with normal and underactive thyroid function. It was observed that fat mass per cent, body weight and BMI of hypothyroid subjects were significantly higher than the normal subjects while significant low basal metabolic rate was observed among hypothyroid subjects.

Keywords

BMI, Obesity, Fat per Cent, Basal Metabolic Rate, Underactive Thyroid.

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Parul Bora ¹, Kalpana Kulshrestha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Foods and Nutrition, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Thyroid is an endocrine gland located below the larynx. The principal thyroid hormones are thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The current study was carried out to investigate the changes in bio compositional parameters among hypothyroid subjects. It was found out that fat free mass (per cent) of normal subjects was significantly higher than hypothyroid subjects in both male and female groups. The mean values of normal and hypothyroid male subjects were 77.26 and 65.24 per cent respectively and 70.15 and 58.15 per cent of female respondents respectively. The fat mass per cent of hypothyroid subjects was significantly higher than the normal subjects whereas, the fat free mass, total body water, protein mass, mineral mass and muscle mass per cent of normal subjects were significantly higher than hypothyroid subjects. There was significant positive correlation (p<0.01) of fat mass per cent and a significant negative correlation (p<0.01) of fat free mass, total body water, protein, mineral and muscle mass (per cent) with hypothyroidism.

Keywords

Fat Free Mass, Fat Percent, Protein Mass, Total Body Water, Thyroxin.

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