Informatics Publishing Limited

R. Vigneshwaran ¹, K. Venkatesan ¹, A. Vinoth ¹, J. Vasanth Vyasan ¹, N. Sathishkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Arasur, Coimbatore-641407, IN

Abstract

In current traffic system most of the traffic lights controls are based on a 'fixed timing' i.e., same time duration will be repeated even if the traffic density is minimum or maximum. In this paper the traffic light is controlled depending upon the traffic density is proposed. Here the traffic lights changes dynamically based on the traffic density by using pair of IR Sensor to continuously sense the density of traffic. The IR receiver output is given as the input of microcontroller in serial communication.The microcontroller will allocate the time slot according to the input of sensors, and then the CPU sends appropriate time to show on the seven segment display unit. When the allocated time is completed then the process will be shift into the next road. The same procedure it follows on each road. This system is designed by using PIC Microcontroller and three pairs of IR sensors on each lane. Here priority based operations by using the round robin algorithm is done. So, that each road will be cleared simultaneously. This system is mainly used to reduce the waiting time, avoid fuel wastage, and also manage the traffic load at the intersection adaptively, so that the traffic can be avoided.

Keywords

IR (Infrared) Sensor, PIC Microcontroller, Seven Segment Display.

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K. G. Prasannan ¹, R. Sundaresan ¹, K. Venkatesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry-6, IN
2 JALMA Institute of Leprosy, Indian Council of Medical Research, Agra, IN

Abstract

The exocrine and endocrine functions of pancreas involving protein biosynthesis and secretion are energy-dependent processes which need glucose metabolism. It has been observed in this laboratory that thiamine deficiency in rats not only raises the levels of digestive enzymes in pancreatic tissue but also enhances their secretion in vitro when incubated in a medium containing glucose. It was therefore considered interesting to find out how glucose metabolism is related to the protein production and secretion in this tissue and the present study was taken up. The results of the study show that the incorporation of ¹⁴C of glucose-U ¹⁴C into carbondioxide, pyruvate and secretory proteins are increased in pancreatic slices of thiamine-deficient rats as compared to that of normal and pair-fed controls.

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K. Vetri velmurgan ¹, K. Venkatesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Chennai – 600 044, IN
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore – 632 014., IN

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of present study is to investigate the machinability effect on turning of hybrid metal matrix composites (Al/SiC/B4C) by coated carbide inserts. Then the application of Grey-Relational Analysis approach (GRAA) and Fuzzy-Taguchi Loss Function (FTLF)are used for the optimization ofmulti quality criteria response is reported. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The bar type hybrid composite are fabricated using stir casting technique. The composite has356Alalloy as ‘matrix’ and ‘SiC’with different wt%(volume fraction) of 5%, 10%, 15%and B4C (5%) particles as reinforcement material. Force (Fz) and roughness (Ra and Rt) are considered as two quality characteristics. L9orthogonal array, the ratio of signal to noise (S/N), multi-response performance characteristics (MPC), and variance test (ANOVA) are applied to investigate the quality characteristics for developed new composites. Findings: The optimal cutting parameters are determined using Grey-relational analysis Approach (GRAA) and fuzzy-Taguchi Loss Function (FTLF). Based on both approaches, the optimal levels of machining parameters are determined as A1B1C1D1.As a result, the grey relational analysis and the fuzzy-Taguchi method confirm the effectiveness for optimization of machining parameters with multiple quality criteria responses. Among these methods, fuzzy-Taguchi Loss Function (FTLF) is the most superior. Application/Improvements: In addition, the variance test (ANOVA)is identifies, the factor D (cutting depth) and C (feed rate),two influential parameters which account 55.77% and 69.8 % of the variance for grey-relational grade (GRA) and fuzzy- reasoning grade (FRG).

Keywords

Fuzzy, Grey Relational Apporach, Investigation, Optimization, Taguchi’s Loss Function Method.

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K. Venkatesan ¹, U. Ramachandraiah ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai - 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Hindustan University, Padur, Chennai - 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Green Telecommunications System aims at reducing CO2 emission and consumption of energy. Free cooling system is one which optimizes the air conditioning load of the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) shelter. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The main contribution of this paper is modeling and simulation of BTS shelter envelope with the Energy Plus for energy efficiency. The Shelter envelope absorb the heat from atmosphere which varies throughout the year. For the given shelter inside temperature, the Energy plus gives out the shelter envelope's sensible cooling load. This sensible cooling load is considered as separate variable. The sensible cooling load of the shelter and the equipment load are computed as thermal current. A fuzzy logic controller has been designed, which switches ON the free cooling fans or air conditioner depending upon atmospheric temperature and room temperature. Findings: Generally environmental influence on the room temperature is considered as atmospheric temperature variations. Instead if we consider the environmental influence as heat absorbed in kilo Watts (kW) and fed to the controller there will be further reduction in the energy consumption and improvements in contribution of free cooling fans. By modeling and simulating the BTS shelter in Energy Plus this findings are realized. On comparison of the energy consumption during simulations the proposed Energy plus model based control has saving of about 2.69% and 1.37% respectively for fixed and variable capacity air conditioner over the model derived from the basic principles which considerer atmospheric influence as temperature variations. The over all energy saving is increased from 12.04% to 14.41% by using the Energy Plus model based control proposed in this paper with free cooling for Chennai region. Analysis made to find priority city for free cooling in selected important cities. Bangalore region gives more free cooling saving and lesser energy consumption among the selected cities. Applications/Improvements: The simulated heat load data of envelope from Energy Plus can be directly used in the controller for real time applications. The other ways is cure fitting heat absorption data over atmospheric temperature for various seasons/periods. Using the equation and atmospheric temperature the heat load of the envelope calculated for control purpose This concept can be applied even for buildings.

Keywords

BTS Shelter, Energy Efficiency, Energy Plus Model, Free Cooling System, Fuzzy Logic.

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K. Vetri Velmurgan ¹, K. Venkatesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sairam Engineering College, Sai Leo Nagar, West Tambaram, Chennai - 600 044, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Near Katpadi Road, Vellore -632 014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The present study investigated the parametric investigation of machinability parameters on the quality characteristics of force (Fz) and roughness (Ra) during the dry turning of Inconel 718 alloy. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Machinability experiments are carried out with PVD coated carbide with (KC5510) and without wiper (KC5525) insert at three speeds (60, 80, 100 m/min), two feed (0.06 and 0.10 mm/rev) and three cutting depth (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 mm) under dry cutting conditions. The experiments are planned based on Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array. The percentage contribution of the machinability parameters on quality characteristics is determined using analysis of variance test (ANOVA). Predictive regression equations are developed for the estimation of all the quality characteristics. Findings: From the experimental results, the most significant factor in case of both Fz and Ra is cutting depth during the turning of 718 Inconel alloy for both the inserts. The Pearson correlation (r) is evaluated whether the correlation is exists between the machinability parameters (speed; feed and cutting depth) on force and roughness. The results of calculated ‘r’ show that the cutting depth has a strong correlation with both quality characteristic trailed by the speed. Application/Improvements: In addition, the lower magnitude of Ra roughness is observed for KC5010 compared to insert designated with KC5525.

Keywords

Dry Turning, Force, Parametric Investigation, Roughness, Statistical Analysis.

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K. Sundharaiya ¹, K. Venkatesan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, IN

Abstract

Combining ability study in eight bitter gourd lines, to identify suitable parents and crosses for further exploitation, indicated that the lines MC 13 (L₁) and Panruti Local (L₂) were good general combiners for yield per vine. The lines Ayakudi Local (L₃) and Mithipagal (L₅) recorded negative general combining ability and lower per se for days to first female flowering and days to fruit maturity. This can be utilized in breeding programme to develop earliness in bitter gourd. The hybrids MC 13 x Arka Harit (L₁ x T₃), Panruti Local x VK 1 Priya (L₂ x T₂) and MC 13 x Co 1 (L₁ x T₁) registered higher per se and specific combining ability for fruit length, individual fruit weight and yield per vine. The study revealed that additive x additive and additive x dominance type of interactions played a major role for days to first female flowering, days to fruit maturity, number of fruits per vine, fruit length, fruit size index, cavity size index, single fruit weight and yield per vine. The lines L₁, L₂, L₃ and L₅ expressed higher per se and general combining ability for most of the characters can successfully be utilized for developing superior hybrids in bitter gourd hybridization programmes.

Keywords

Line x Tester Analysis, Combining Ability, Bitter Gourd.

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