A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Sivakrishna, K.
- Anti Microbial and Antioxidant Evolution of Aqueous Extract of Terminalia chebula Using Disc Diffusion, H2O2 Scavenging Methods
Authors
1 Department of Pharmacology, Bellamkonda Institute of Technology and Sciences, Podili, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 7, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 112-114Abstract
The biological evolution of Terminalia chebula leaves extract, plant belongs to family Combretaceae. The aqueous extract of the plant material was tested for Antimicrobial activity of against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains by observing the zone of inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was done by disc diffusion method at a concentration of, 100,250,500 μg/disc of the extract, using ofloxacin (5 μg/disc) as the standard. The bacterial strains used in the study were Staphycococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, the anti oxidant activity of by using at concentration of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 μg/ml, using Ascorbic acid as standard. The outcomes of the present study indicated that the aqueous extract of the Terminalia chebula shows the significance anti bacterial and anti oxidant activity in a concentration of 500 μg/ml, 30μ g/ml respectively.Keywords
Terminalia chebula, Aqueous Extract Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Activity, H2O2 Scavenging Method.- Effect of Herbicides on Feeding, Survival and Development of Haltica cyanea, a Biocontrol Agent of Dicot Weed, Ammania baccifera L. in Rice Ecosystem
Authors
1 ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 117-121Abstract
Ammania baccifera L. (Fam: Lathyraceae) is one of the predominant weeds in paddy fields. In nature, the adults and grubs of Haltica cyanea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feed varaciously on the leaves of this weed leading to drying of the plants. In recent times with the gradual change in cultivation practices and increase in labour shortage the use of weedicides in rice ecosystem has increased tremendously. In an endeavour to explore the possibility of the use of these beetles as biocontrol agents, laboratory studies were carried out at ICAR-IIRR to compare the efficacy of H. cyanea as a biocontrol agent in comparison with the two recommended herbicides and also study the effect of these herbicides on the biology of the beetle. The two recommended herbicides, 2,4-D Na salt 80% (for broadleaved weeds) @800g a.i/ha and Metsulfuron methyl 10% + chlorimuron ethyl 10% WP (for broadleaved and sedges) @4ga.i/ha were tested against A. baccifera and the larval stages of H. cyanea. The effect of these herbicides on survival, feeding, longevity and biology of the bioagent was studied through leaf dip and pot spray method. It was observed that there was 21.67% reduction in shoot weight in beetle released plants as compared to herbicide treatment wherein 38.5-49.3% reduction in shoot weight was observed within 48h. Both the herbicides affected the biology of the insect and between the two herbicides, 2,4-D Na salt was more toxic to the grubs as compared to Metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl.
Keywords
Ammania baccifera, Biocontrol Agent, Haltica cyanea (=Alticacyanea), Herbicides, Weed Control Efficiency.References
- Bhullar MS, Kumar S, Kaur S, Kaur T, Singh J, Yadav R, Chauhan BS, Gill G. 2016. Management of complex weed flora in dry-seeded rice. Crop Prot. 83: 20-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.01.012
- DRR. 1978-2010. DRR Progress Reports. Vol 3. All India Coordinated rice Improvement Project, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
- Mitra S, Sarkar N, Barik A. 2017. Long-chain alkanes and fatty acids from Ludwigia octovalvis weed leaf surface waxes as short-range attractant and ovipositional stimulant to Altica cyanea (Weber) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bull Entomol Res. 107: 391-400. 2017
- Moody K. 1989. Weeds reported in rice in south and southeast Asia. IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines, 442 pp.
- Nayan Roy. 2018. Host preference and potency of Altica cyanea as a bio-control agent of major rice field weeds, Ludwigia spp. Int J Zool Stud. 3: 227-231.
- Nayek TK, Banerjee TC. 1987. Life history and host specificity of Altica cyanea [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], a potential biological control agent for water primrose, Ludwigia adscendens. BioControl. 32: 407-414.
- Padmakumari AP, Pasalu IC. 2004. Altica cyanea Weber (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Ammania baccifera L. Insect Environ. 10: 110-111.
- Rao AN, Wani SP, Ahmed S, Haider Ali H and Marambe B. 2017. An Overview of Weeds and Weed Management in Rice of South Asia, pp. 247-281. In: Rao AN and Matsumoto H. (Eds.). Weed management in rice in the Asian-Pacific region. Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society (APWSS); The Weed Science Society of Japan, Japan and Indian Society of Weed Science, India
- Soerjani M, Kostermans AJGH and Tjitrosoe Pomo G. 1987. Weeds of Rice in Indonesia. Balai Pustaka Jakarta, Indonesia, 716 pp.
- Sreedevi B, Krishnamurthy P, Mahender Kumar R and Viraktamath BC. 2012. A ready reckoner for rice weeds. Technical Bulletin No. 64, 105 pp.
- Vasudevan P, Manoharan S and Muthusamy J. 2014. An ethnomedical, pharmacological and phytochemical review of Ammania baccifera L. World J Pharm Res. 3(6): 1771-1789
- Xiao-Shui W. 1990. Altica cyanea (Col: Chrysomelidae) for the biological control of Ludwigia prostrate (Onagraceae) in China. Trop Pest Manage. 36: 368-370. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670879009371513