Informatics Publishing Limited

A. M. Sabitha Rani ¹, K. Murugesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Arts and Science College, Chennai-600 073, IN
2 Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai-600 025, IN

Abstract

The aim of the present research was focused on the antiviral properties of Vicoa indica (L.) via in vitro approach. The aqueous and methanolic extracts from leaves, stems and ischolar_mains of V. indica (Asteraceae) were tested against HSV - 1 replication. Among these extracts, aqueous extract of ischolar_mains was found to have more potent inhibitory effect. The less concentration (20μg/mL) of methanolic extracts was cytotoxic to vero cell lines. The used concentrations of aqueous extracts were 100 - 50μg/mL. We determined that extract obtained from ischolar_main has higher antiviral effect, and it causes 100 per cent decrease of the virus at IC50 of 100 and 50μg/mL respectively. Further research is needed to elucidate the active constituents of this plant may be useful in the development of new and effective antiviral agents.

Keywords

Asteraceae, Aqueous Extracts, V. indica, HSV-1

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G. Indumathi ¹, K. Murugesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, IN
2 Maha Barathi Engineering College, Chinnasalem, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

A cross-layer design is developed which combines the Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) at the physical layer and truncated Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) at the data link layer to maximize the spectral efficiency under prescribed error performance constraints. Depending on the error correcting capability of the truncated ARQ, which depends on the maximum allowable number of retransmissions, we design AMC transmission modes, with each mode consisting of a specific modulation and FEC code pair as in IEEE 802.16 standard, that guarantee the required performance. Numerical results reveal that retransmissions at the data link layer relieve stringent error control requirements at the physical layer and thereby enable considerable spectral efficiency gain. This gain is provided by the maximum number of retransmissions per packet which equals the diversity order. The improvement on spectral efficiency decreases when the number of retransmissions increases, suggest that a small number of retransmissions offers a desirable delay-throughput tradeoff, in practice.

Keywords

Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC), Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) Protocol, Cross-Layer Design, IEEE802.16, Quality of Service (QOS), Wireless Networks.

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D. David Neels Pon Kumar ¹, K. Murugesan ², S. Raghavan ³, M. Suganthi ⁴

Affiliations
1 ECE Department, at SRCE, Alangulam, Tirunelveli, IN
2 Bharathiar Institute of Engg. For women, Attur, Chinna Salem, IN
3 IIT, Delhi, IN
4 ECE Dept. at TCE, Madurai, IN

Abstract

Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is one of the most familiar broadband wireless access technologies that support multimedia transmission. IEEE802.16 Medium Access Control (MAC) covers a large area for bandwidth allocation and QoS mechanisms for various types of applications. Nevertheless, the standard lacks a MAC scheduling algorithm that has a multi-dimensional objective of satisfying QoS requirements of the users, maximizing channel utilization while ensuring fairness among users. So we are proposing a novel Priority based Scheduling Algorithm using Fuzzy logic and Artificial neural networks (ANN) that addresses these aspects simultaneously. The initial results show that a fair amount of fairness is attained while keeping the priority intact. Results also show that maximum channel utilization is achieved with a negligible increment in processing time.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Fairness, QoS, Scheduling Algorithms.

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D. Prakash ¹, K. Murugesan ¹, J. Indumathi ², D. Manjula ²

Affiliations
1 Anna University, Chennai, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

In this paper a novel technique is proposed for the prediction of cardiac disease and its classification using intelligent agents. Initially seventy six heart attack symptoms are preprocessed using filter and wrapper based agents .The filter removes the missing or irrelevant symptoms. Wrapper is used to extract the data in the data set according to the expert’s threshold constraints. Dependency of each symptom is identified using dependency checker agent. The classification is based on the prior and posterior probability of the symptoms with the evidence value. As a result classifier agent classify the nature of heart attack patients in to five classes depending on the severity namely absence, starting, mild, moderate, serious. The posterior probability of the class is calculated by the ratio of the product of posterior probability of symptoms and prior probability of the class to the prior probability of the input symptoms. Using the cooperative approach the cardiac problem is solved and verified.

Keywords

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Naive Bayesian Classification (NBC), Bayesian Networks (BN).

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D. David Neels Pon Kumar ¹, K. Murugesan ², S. Raghavan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sardar Raja College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, IN
2 Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for women, Attur, IN
3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, IN

Abstract

During the last few years, users all over the world have become more and more familiar to the availability of broadband access. When users want broadband Internet service, they are generally restricted to a DSL (Digital Subscribers Line), or cable-modem-based connection. Proponents are advocating worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), a technology based on an evolving standard for point-to multipoint wireless networking. Scheduling algorithms that support Quality of Service (QoS) differentiation and guarantees for wireless data networks are crucial to the deployment of broadband wireless networks. The performance affecting parameters like fairness, bandwidth allocation, throughput, latency are studied found out that none of the conventional algorithms perform effectively for both fairness and bandwidth allocation simultaneously. Hence it is absolutely essential for an efficient scheduling algorithm with a better trade off for these two parameters. So we are proposing a novel Scheduling Algorithm using Fuzzy logic and Artificial neural networks that addresses these aspects simultaneously. The initial results show that a fair amount of fairness is attained while keeping the priority intact. Results also show that maximum channel utilization is achieved with a negligible increment in processing time.

Keywords

Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Neural Networks, Priority, Scheduling Algorithms, WiMAX.

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D. David Neels Pon Kumar ¹, K. Murugesan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Einstein College of Engineering, IN
2 Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, IN

Abstract

Interest in broadband wireless access (BWA) has been growing due to increased user mobility and the need for data access at all times. IEEE 802.16e based WiMAX networks promise the best available quality of experience for mobile data service users. WiMAX networks incorporate several Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms at the Media Access Control (MAC) level for guaranteed services for multimedia viz. data, voice and video. The problem of assuring QoS is how to allocate available resources among users to meet the QoS criteria such as delay, delay jitter, fairness and throughput requirements. IEEE standard does not include a standard scheduling mechanism and leaves it for various implementer differentiations. Although a lot of the real-time and non real-time packet scheduling schemes has been proposed, it needs to be modified to apply to Mobile WiMAX system that supports five kinds of service classes. In this paper, we propose a novel Priority based Scheduling scheme that uses Artificial Intelligence to support various services by considering the QoS constraints of each class. The simulation results show that slow mobility does not affect the performances and faster mobility and the increment in users beyond a particular load have their say in defining average throughput, average per user throughput, fairness index, average end to end delay and average delay jitter. Nevertheless the results are encouraging that the proposed scheme provides QoS support for each class efficiently.

Keywords

WiMAX, QoS, Fuzzy Neural Networks Based Scheduling Algorithm, Multimedia Transmissions, Media Access Control and Mobility.

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D. David Neels Pon Kumar ¹, K. Murugesan ², K. Arun Kumar ¹, M. Subadra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Einstein College of Engineering, Tirunelveli, IN
2 Department of ECE , Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is one of the most familiar broadband wireless access technologies that support multimedia transmission. IEEE802.16 Medium Access Control (MAC) covers a large area for bandwidth allocation and Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms for various types of applications. Nevertheless, the standard lacks a MAC scheduling algorithm that has a multi-dimensional Technological objective of satisfying QoS requirements of the users, maximizing channel utilization while ensuring fairness among users. So we are proposing a novel Priority based Scheduling Algorithm using Fuzzy logic that addresses these aspects. The initial results show that maximum channel utilization is achieved with a negligible increment in processing time while keeping the priority intact.

Keywords

WiMAX, Fuzzy, Priority, Scheduling Algorithms.

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