Informatics Publishing Limited

V. Ramya ¹, K. Karthick ¹, Subash Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

In this paper we are going to present the embedded based controller system that automatically mutes the volume of the television or any music system when an incoming call is arrived on a telephone. Very often when enjoying music or television at high audio level, we may not be able to hear a telephone ring and thus we miss an important incoming phone call. To overcome this situation, an embedded based system is designed. This proposed system would automatically light a bulb on arrival of a telephone ring and simultaneously mute the music system/TV audio for the duration the telephone handset is off-hook. Lighting of the bulb would not only indicate an incoming call but also help in locating the telephone during darkness. The whole project is using PIC microcontroller along with suitable telephone line interfacing circuitry.

Keywords

Embedded Systems, Micro-Controllers, RTOS, Testing.

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K. Karthick ¹, P. Kumaravel ¹, P. Hemalatha ¹, L. Thamaraiselvi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vysya College, Salem- 636103, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Disease causing microbes that have become resistant to drug therapy are an increasing public health problem. Therefore there is an urgent need to develop new bactericides. The present study deals with synthesis of silver nanoparticles were prepared from Proteus mirabilis and their shape and size distribution characterized by particle analyzer and scanning electron microscopic study (SEM). Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrum of the aqueous media obtained from the Proteus mirabilis containing silver ion showed a peak around 420nm corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. Invitro studies indicated that the formed silver nanoparticles showed variable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. These results suggest that silver nanoparticles can be used as effective growth inhibitors in various microorganisms, making them applicable to diverse medical devices and antimicrobial control systems.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, Proteus mirabilis, Antimicrobial Activity.

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K. Karthick ¹, P. Kumaravel ¹, P. Hemalatha ¹, L. Thamaraiselvi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vysya College, Salem- 636103, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Disease causing microbes that have become resistant to drug therapy are an increasing public health problem. Therefore there is an urgent need to develop new bactericides. The present study deals with synthesis of silver nanoparticles were prepared from Proteus mirabilis and their shape and size distribution characterized by particle analyzer and scanning electron microscopic study (SEM). Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrum of the aqueous media obtained from the Proteus mirabilis containing silver ion showed a peak around 420nm corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. Invitro studies indicated that the formed silver nanoparticles showed variable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. These results suggest that silver nanoparticles can be used as effective growth inhibitors in various microorganisms, making them applicable to diverse medical devices and antimicrobial control systems.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, Proteus mirabilis, Antimicrobial Activity.

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V. Ramya ¹, B. Palaniappan ¹, K. Karthick ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of CSE, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, IN

Abstract

In today's world safety and security plays an important role, hence we tend to provide a good safety and security system while travelling. Vehicles are important in today's fast-paced society. Hence, acquiring a vehicle nowadays is considered a necessity, compared to the past where it was considered a luxury. In this thriving society, more and more vehicles are produced to meet the increasing demands of people and businesses from all corners of the world. Here comes the necessity to provide more and more safety and security features to them. Hence this project aims to design an embedded system for vehicle cabin safety and security by modifying and integrating the existing modules. This monitors the level of the toxic gases such as CO, LPG and alcohol inside the vehicle and provides alert information in the form of alarm during the critical situations. And also send SMS to the authorised person through the GSM. An IR Sensor is used to detect the static obstacle in front of the vehicle and the vehicle gets stopped if any obstacle is detected. This may avoid accidents due to collision of vehicles with any static obstacles.

Keywords

ADC, GSM, Embedded System, Microcontroller, Sensors.

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K. Selvaraju ¹, K. Vengadesh Prabhu ², K. Karthick ², J. Padma Preetha ², K. S. G. Arul Kumaran ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore-641048, Tamilnadu, IN
2 KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore-641048, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Various Colloidal vesicular system employed in controlled and targeted delivery system are liposomes, Niosomes, Virosomes, Immuuoliposomes, Transferosomes and Pharmacosomes. Pharmacosomes are the colloidal dispersions of drugs covalently bound to lipids and may exist as ultrafine vesicular, micellar or hexagonal aggregates, depending on the chemical structure. Because the system is formed by linking a drug (pharmakon) to a carrier (soma) they are called pharmacosomes. They are amphiphilic lipid vesicular systems that have shown their potential in improving the bioavailability of poorly water soluble as well as poorly lipophilic drugs. They are bearing unique advantages over liposomes and niosomes vesicles that can pass through biomembranes efficiently. They potentially delivery the drugs directly to the site of infection, leading to reduction of drug toxicity with no adverse effect.

Keywords

Pharmacosomes, Amphiphilic, Controlled and Targeted Drug Delivery System.

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K. Selvaraju ¹, K. S. G. Arulkumaran ², K. Karthick ², K. Vengadesh Prabhu ², J. Padma Preetha ², R. Arrivukkarasu ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore-641 048, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore-48, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The term "Phyto" means plant while "some" means cell-like. Phytosome are little cell like structure. This is an advanced herbal delivery system which contains the bioactive phytoconstituents of herb extract surrounds and bound by Phospholipids. The potential uses of large number of herbal drugs are limited due to their poor absorption and poor bioavailability after oral administration. Phytosomes exhibit better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile than conventional herbal extracts. Phytosome technology has been effectively used to enhanced the bioavailability of many popular herbal extracts including milk thistle, ginkgo biloba, grape seed, green tea, hawthorn, ginseng etc, and can be developed for various therapeutic uses or dietary suppliments. The phospholipid molecular structure includes a water soluble head and two fat soluble tails, because of this dual solubility the phospholipid acts as an effective emulsifier which is also one of the chief components of the membranes in our cells.

Keywords

Phytosomes, Phospholipids, Herbal Extracts, Bioavailability.

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K. Karthick ¹, S. Malarvizhi ¹, V. Balasubramanian ¹, S. A. Krishnan ², Shaju K. Albert ²

Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, IN
2 Materials Mechanics Section, Materials Technology Division,Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, IN

Abstract

In sodium cooled fast breeder reactor at Kalpakkam, the steam generators are constructed using modified 9Cr-1Mo (also called as Grade 91 or P91) ferritic steel because of its high temperature strength and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The interconnecting sodium piping between reactor and steam generator is made up of AISI 316LN because of its high creep strength and corrosion resistance. Nickel based fillers (Inconel 82/182) are commonly used to weld the 316LN piping with steam generator. For a better structural integrity assessment of this dissimilar joint, the tensile properties of each region need to be evaluated. Evaluating the tensile properties of various regions by smooth tensile specimens is quite complex and time consuming. In the present investigation, the notch tensile properties of various regions were evaluated by placing a notch at the desired locations of the dissimilar metal weld joint (DMWJ). The dissimilar joint between P91 and 316LN is fabricated by manual metal arc welding (MMAW) process using Inconel 182 electrodes. Notch tensile properties of each region were evaluated by placing a notch at different locations (viz. weld metal, buttering, HAZ of P91 and HAZ of 316LN). Microhardness variation across the DMWJ was recorded. Microstructural features of various regions were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscope. From this investigation, it is found that the notch placed in the HAZ of P91 exhibited highest notch tensile strength than other regions. A non-uniform hardness distribution is observed across the DMWJ and the maximum hardness is recorded at the interface between P91 HAZ to Inconel 182 buttering. The hardness is minimum at the outer edge of HAZ of P91 side. Evolution of carbon enriched hard zone at the interface between P91 and Inconel 182 buttering could be the reason for highest notch tensile strength.

Keywords

Dissimilar Metal Weld Joint, Notch Tensile Test, Microhardness, Microstructure.

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K. Karthick ¹, S. Malarvizhi ², V. Balasubramanian ³, S. A. Krishnan ⁴, G. Sasikala ⁴, Shaju K. Albert ⁴

Affiliations
1 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining and Research, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam - 603 102, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactors, the dissimilar joint between grade 91 ferritic steel and 316LN stainless steel is frequently encountered. For better integrity assessment, mechanical properties of each region need be evaluated. In the present investigation, dissimilar joints between grade 91 to 316LN SS were fabricated by shielded metal arc welding process using nickel based electrodes. Mechanical properties (Tensile and impact toughness) of different regions were evaluated by placing the notch at each location. Microhardness variation across the dissimilar joint was recorded. Microstructural analyses of various regions were done by optical and scanning electron microscopy. From this investigation, it is understood that the in-homogeneous mechanical properties were observed across the dissimilar joint. The development of complex microstructure at the fusion interfaces will alter the mechanical properties across the dissimilar joint.

Keywords

Welding, Dissimilar Joint, Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, Microhardness.

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