Informatics Publishing Limited

P. Kabilan ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, IN

Abstract

EGovernance is a way for Universities to use the new technologies to provide students with more convenient way to access University information and services. EGovernance provides tremendous opportunities to move forward in the 21st century with better quality, cost-effective University services and a better relationship between students and their affiliated Colleges. A Secure exam system is developed in .NET framework, to computerize all the examination processes, pre-examination data capturing, processing and declaring of results of all courses offered by the university including both under-graduate and post-graduate courses. The Developed software should have suitable security and integrity mechanism. Developers should impart training to officials of the University and Colleges for the optimum utilization of the software. E-Governance offers a new way forward, helping to improve University processes, connect Students and build interactions with and within a Student Community. Three basic change potentials for good governance for development are Automation, Informatisation and Transformation.

Keywords

Defect Prediction, Software Quality, Orthogonal Defect Classifications.

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R. Indra Gandhi ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Document analysis and optical character recognition (OCR) systems have been under research for few decades. Especially for distorted characters, still it remains a highly challenging task to implement an OCR that works under all possible conditions and gives highly accurate results. In this paper, we investigate the application of hybrid technique that recognizes distorted broken Tamil characters. Entire application is carried out in two different phases. Parker's shape tracing along with line tracing features was included as first phase. Neural Network training along with selective thresholding minimum distance technique (MDT) for recognition was continued as second phase. The results show that the proposed hybrid technique can improve character recognition accuracy of distorted documents containing broken characters and feasible with other existing techniques, easy for extension, and may be very effective for non-headline based complex Indic scripts.

Keywords

Broken Character, Shape Tracing, Line Tracing, Minimum Distance Technique, Non-Headline Scripts.

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N. Sujatha ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Microprocessor, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Clustering is one of the important functions in web usage mining. Web usage mining involves application of data mining techniques to discover usage patterns from the web data. Cluster analysis aims at identifying groups of similar objects and, therefore helps to discover distribution of patterns and interesting correlations in large data sets. These methods are not only major tools to uncover the underlying structures of a given data set, but also promising tools to uncover local input-output relations of a complex system. Fuzzy C-means (FCM) is one of the most widely used fuzzy clustering algorithms in real world applications. However there are two major limitations that exist in this method. The first is that a predefined number of clusters must be given in advance. The second is that the FCM technique can get stuck in sub-optimal solutions. In this paper,we have proposed a new framework to improve the web sessions' cluster quality from fuzzy c-means clustering using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Initially the fuzzy c-means algorithm is used to cluster the user sessions. And in the second step, we have proposed a GA based refinement algorithm to improve the cluster quality. The proposed algorithm is tested with web access logs collected from the Internet Traffic Archive (ITA) and shows that refined initial starting points and post processing refinement of clusters indeed lead to improved solutions.

Keywords

Web Usage Mining, Clustering, Fuzzy C-Means, Genetic Algorithm.

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Arun Periasamy ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, IN

Abstract

In the day today life the information in World Wide Web is increasing in an explosive way and simultaneously the usage of the Web is also growing in an increasing way and for each and every usage or accessing of the web pages it creates a separate log entry in the web log file and so the log file is also increased correspondingly, From the web log file we get some interesting information about the users previous access sequence. From that interested information it is possible to predict their future access sequence and also personalize the most interested pattern to the users. In this paper we create a model using Tree structure concept, it first scan the collected web log file from that it creates the tree for each and every user and the next step is to traverse the tree using Level-by-Level tree traversal and find out the interested pattern for each user and personalize it to the users in their future access. Using the Level-by-Level tree traversal results the model clusters the uniform interested pattern among the users and it counts the number of clusters and find out the maximum number of interested pattern in the website and also it count the number of interested pattern in each cluster from that the model find out most interested path/pattern of the website during that period of time. From the cluster result it personalized the information to users in their future access. The proposed model is very useful for understanding the behavior of the users, find out the interested object of the website and based upon the results it improving the web site design too, find out the maximum interested pattern of the website, find out the most interested path/pattern of the website. Finally we have done the experimental studies of our proposed model using web log data from a reputed website and prove the efficiency of the proposed model.

Keywords

Web Usage Mining, Clustering, Traversal, Web Personalization.

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R. Indra Gandhi ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Segmentation is an important phase towards the designing of optical character recognition system. One of the important reasons for poor recognition rate in OCR system is due to incorrect segmentation of characters. Most of the segmentation algorithms primarily aim at segmenting text, graphics, page, line and word. Character segmentation is the fundamental process in character recognition approaches, which rely on isolated characters. Sometimes during segmentation, characters of same word touch each other thus producing vertically overlapping characters. In Tamil scripts, applying the simple concept of vertical projection in segmenting the whole document into individual characters does not work well. As a first step in resolving this, this paper presents an intelligent technique for solving the key problems of distorted merging (touching) characters segmentation. The results show that the proposed algorithm yields promising segmentation output and feasible with other existing techniques, easy for extension, and may be very effective for non-headline based complex Indic scripts.

Keywords

Segmentation, Distorted Character Segmentation, Vertical Overlapping, Merging (Touching) Character Segmentation, Non-Headline Scripts.

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R. Indra Gandhi ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Applications, G.K.M College of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to address a special problem in character recognition from document images were the reverse side scripts appear as noise on front side and even interfere with front side characters. Due to strong background artifacts so much of double-sided distortion is noticed in ancient documents. These are often caused by the so-called bleed-through effect. Even in well-preserved documents, a similar effect called show-through is noticed because of poor paper quality. These distortions must be removed to improve readability. We propose a new NNKSOM based hybrid technique, which incorporates statistical and diffusion model to deal with bleed-through grayscale document images. The proposed method proves to perform well regardless of the intensity differences between foreground and background. This is extremely useful for researchers engaged in recognizing the distorted documents in any script worldwide as the same kind of distortion can be found in most of the scripts used in the world.

Keywords

Distortion, Bleed-Through, Show-Through, Statistical and Diffusion Model.

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P. Arun ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

With an increasing continuous growth of information in WWW it is very difficult for the users to access the interested web pages from the website. Because day by day the information in the web is growing in an increasing manner so without any help system the user may spend more time to get the interested information from the website. To overcome the above problem, in this paper we propose a Model which create a User Interested Page Ontology (UIPO), it will be created by assigning weights and ranking the user interest by count the number of occurrence of each item which was collected from the web logs within a session for all users. The main feature of this model is, it generates UIPO dynamically from that it personalize the interested pages to the web users in their next access The proposed model is very useful for understanding the behavior of the users and also improving the web site design too. The performance of the new model in a session is also discussed in this paper.

Keywords

Web Usage Mining, Web Logs, Ontology, Session, Web Personalization.

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R. Indra Gandhi ¹, K. Iyakutti ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science, Mother Teresa Women’s University, Kodaikanal-624102, TN, IN
2 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-62502, TN, IN

Abstract

This paper presents a new approach of Kohonen neural network based Self Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm for Tamil Character Recognition. Which provides much higher performance than the traditional neural network. Approaches: Step 1:It describes how a system is used to recognize a hand written Tamil characters using a classification approach. The aim of the pre-classification is to reduce the number of possible candidates of unknown character, to a subset of the total character set. This is otherwise known as cluster, so the algorithm will try to group similar characters together. Step 2:Members of pre-classified group are further analyzed using a statistical classifier for final recognition. A recognition rate of around 79.9% was achieved for the first choice and more than 98.5% for the top three choices. The result shows that the proposed Kohonen SOM algorithm yields promising output and feasible with other existing techniques.

Keywords

Handwritten Character, SOM, Baseline, Statistical, Structural, Crux, Meticulous and Sobel Edge Detection.

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R. Sridaran ¹, G. Padmavathi ², K. Iyakutti ³, M. N. S. Mani ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of MCA, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore-560087, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore-641047, IN
3 School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021, IN
4 Lakshmi Systems, Madurai-625020, IN

Abstract

The Model/View/Controller design pattern divides an application environment into three components to handle the user-interactions, computations and output respectively. This separation greatly favors architectural reusability. The pattern works well in the case of single-address space and not proven to be efficient for web applications involving multiple address spaces. Web applications force the designers to decide which of the components of the pattern are to be partitioned between the server and client(s) before the design phase commences. For any rapidly growing web application, it is very difficult to incorporate future changes in policies related to partitioning. One solution to this problem is to duplicate the Model and controller components at both server and client(s). However, this may add further problems like delayed data fetch, security and scalability issues. In order to overcome this, a new architecture SPIM has been proposed that deals with the partitioning problem in an alternative way. SPIM shows tremendous improvements in performance when compared with a similar architecture.

Keywords

Design Pattern, Model/View/Controller, Partitioning, SOA, Web Application.

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