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Devaki, K.
- In Vitro Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Secondary Metabolites in Passiflora foetida L.
Authors
Source
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care, Vol 6, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 3-11Abstract
Investigation of the total phenol content, total flavanoid content, in vitro lipid peroxidation and radical scavenging activities from Passiflora foetida L. Extraction from various solvents were used for the estimations. Among the five extracts, the flavanoid and phenol content was found to be high in aqueous and ethanol extract of leaf when compared to ischolar_main extract. Different concentrations of plant extracts were used (100 - 500 μg/ml) and results showed strong reducing power at the concentration of 500 μg/ml and the activity increases in dose dependent manner as to that of standard BHT. That the highest free radical scavenging activity was found in ethanolic extract of leaf of Passiflora foetida L. Consumption of P. foetida L. will reduce the free radical formation and afford protection against reactive oxygen species produced during diabetes which may be due to the presence of phenol and flavanoids.Keywords
Total Flavanoid, Total Phenols, Antioxidants, Lipid Peroxidation, Passiflora foetida L.- Acute Toxicity Assessment of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum L. on Wistar Albino Rats
Authors
1 Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, IN
2 Department of Bioinformatics, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, IN
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 24, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 22-27Abstract
Macrotyloma uniflorum L. belonging to the family fabaceae is traditionally used in folklore medicine for the treatment of various ailments. To validate its use in traditional medicine it is important to evaluate its toxicity in the animal system. The aim of this study is to determine the toxicity of ethanolic extract of M. uniflorum leaves. Acute toxicity test was conducted by single oral administration of 50, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight of the animals and they were observed for toxicity signs for a period of 14 days. At the end of experiment, the effects of M. uniflorum on serum parameters such as glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, SGOT (Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase), SGPT (Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase) and total protein were analyzed. Histological analyses were also carried out. In acute toxicity study no signs of toxicity, behavioral changes and mortality were observed in the test groups of animal during the experimental period. The serum level of glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, and protein were not altered by the administration of M. uniflorum. Histopathology study indicates the normal architecture of liver and kidney. Overall, the results suggest that, the oral administration of M. uniflorum ethanolic leaf extract did not produce any significant toxic effect in rats. On the whole this study proved the safety of M. uniflorum on Wistar albino rats.
Keywords
Acute Toxicity, M. uniflorum, Biochemical Parameters.References
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- Effect of Aqueous Extract of Passiflora edulis on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters of Wistar Albino Rats
Authors
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 19, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 63-67Abstract
Passiflora edulis is traditionally used in folk lore medicine for the treatment of various ailments. To validate its use in traditional medicine, it is important to evaluate its toxicity in the animal system. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of P. edulis in Wistar albino rats. Acute toxicity tests were conducted by the oral administration of 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight of the animal. In subacute study, they were administered with various doses of aqueous extract of P. edulis (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg body weight) to evaluate its toxicity for a period of 7 days. The effect of aqueous extract of P. edulis on organ weight, hematological, renal, and hepatic markers were analyzed. In acute toxicity study, no mortality was seen with in 24 h of the administration of P. edulis extract. No signs of neurological and behavioral changes were noticed with in 72 h. In the subacute study, the extract intake has not changed the hematological parameters such as RBC, WBC, and platelets and it was also found that the plasma level of amino transferases, ALP, urea, uric acid and, creatinine were also not altered by the administration of P. edulis extract throughout the study. The weight of organ was found to be unaltered in all the doses selected. The acute toxicity study reveals that the oral administration of the extract was found to be safe up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg. The subacute study indicates that the extract is safe on the bone marrow function and it is neither hepatotoxic nor nephrotoxic. This supports the safety use of the aqueous extract of P. edulis in pharmacological studies.Keywords
Acute and subacute toxicity studies, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, P. edulis- Evaluation of Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates against Spodoptera litura F. under in vitro conditions
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati – 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Entomology, IFT, RARS, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati – 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of Statistics and Computer Applications, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati – 517502, Andhra Pradesh, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 35, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 33-36Abstract
Fifteen isolates of Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi collected from field populations of Spodoptera litura (F.) and Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith in different crops across different agroclimatic zones of Andhra Pradesh were evaluated for their pathogenicity against third instar larvae of S. litura at the Biocontrol Laboratory, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati, India. Virulence was tested by applying conidial suspension @ 1x107 spores ml–1 on the groundnut leaves on which the larvae were allowed to feed. The cumulative mean larval mortality to the extent of 75.00 to 85.00% was observed with isolates viz. Nr.Yj.KZ, Nr.Dp.KZ, Nr.Rt.KZ, Nr.Rd.HATZ, Nr.Pp. HATZ and Nr.Cp.HATZ whereas the isolates Nr.Ik.SRZ, Nr.Vg.SRZ, Nr.Pl.SZ, Nr.Ag.SZ, Nr.Np.SRZ, Nr.Rp.SZ, Nr.Rg.NCZ, Nr.Hv.SRZ and Nr.Cd.SZ recorded 65.00 to 73.33% mortality.
Keywords
Agroclimatic zones, larval mortality, Metarhizium rileyi, pathogenicity, Spodoptera lituraReferences
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