Informatics Publishing Limited

K. Aditya ¹, M. Sivakumar ², B.K.V. Prasad ², Syed Inthiyaz ²

Affiliations
1 M.Tech. Student, Department of E.C.E., K.L. University, Guntur Dt., A.P.,, IN
2 Dept. of ECE, K.L. University, Vijayawada, IN

Abstract

We initiate some soft-error-tolerant Sequential elements which evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of several state-of-the-art designs, and determines optimal designs for advanced technology. The designs induce non-trivial area, power overhead. In modern technologies, logic elements are becoming increasingly vulnerable to soft errors. Several designs today implement extensive error detection and correction. In this design we use smaller and faster transistors. In this work, we will analyze the impact of soft errors on latches and flip-flops in nanoscale CMOS technology. Here each design is compared with a standard, non-SER tolerant latch or flip-flop, and then assess each design based on SER protection, area, and power overhead.

Keywords

Reliability, Soft Error, SER, Nanoscale Cmos

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Malini Dutta ¹, K. Aditya ¹, Dilip Mathai ¹

Affiliations
1 Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Medical education needs to be changed both in content and in teaching methodology . The students need to be prepared with high level of knowledge, analytical skills, critical thinking, selfdirected learning and group dynamism. Problem Based Learning (PBL) can be used as a tool for teaching undergraduate students. PBL is not problem solving but problem analysing. Here the students need to analyse the problem after they have been taught in the conventional method.

Objectives: Find The attitude of students towards PBL.

Methodology: After a year of PBL practise, a twenty two set feedback questionnaire based on Elizondo– Montemayor with 5 point Likert scale was taken from 98 students with 1 as least acceptable to PBL, 5 as most acceptable and 3 as ambivalent response. The data was analysed by using one sample Wilcoxon’s test for two- tailed hypothesis.

Results: Search phase and preparation phase had a median score greater than 3, indicating a positive attitude for these phases. Presentation phase showed ambivalent response towards PBL objectives. Overall response had a mean location above 3 suggesting students acceptance towards the objectives of PBL.

Conclusion: The future PBL sessions can be modified, planned accordingly and executed in a more productive way so as to nurture the development of reflective learning in students to bring maximum improvement in the educational outcome. To have better educational outcome, PBL must be used as an adjunct along with the traditional method.

Keywords

Problem Based Learning, Self Directed Learning, Medical Students, Attitude, Brain Storming.

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S. RUQIYA ¹, H. C. GIRISHA ¹, C. MANJUNATHA ², R. RANGESHWARAN ², A. KANDAN ², G. SIVAKUMAR ², M. K. PRASANNA KUMAR ³, D. PRAMESH ⁴, K. T. SHIVAKUMARA ², H. S. VENU ², S. NANDITHA ², K. S. ANKITHA ¹, K. ADITYA ², N. AARTHI ², S. N. SUSHIL ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560 065, Karnataka, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru – 560024, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru – 560065, Karnataka, IN
4 Rice Pathology Laboratory ARS, Gangavathi, UAS Raichur – 584104, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis  is  a Gram-positive and endospore producing bacterium. Limited studies have shown that lipopeptides produced by  B. subtilis  can be inhibitory to phytopathogens.   Sclerotinia sclerotiorum  is a plant pathogenic fungus  which causes  various diseases like cotton rot, watery soft rot, stem rot, crown rot and blossom blight in vegetable crops. The objective of the study was to isolate lipopeptides from  B. subtilis  and study their inhibitory potential against  S. sclerotiorum. So, the B. subtilis  isolates  were extracted from the collected soils of Western Ghats of India. They were initially characterized through morphological parameters followed by PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA gene and confirmation through BLAST algorithm in NCBI database. The lipopeptides produced by these isolates were tested against  S. sclerotiorum. B. subtilis  strains were effective against  S. sclerotiorum and exhibited 18.33 to 29.5 % inhibition under dual culture bio-assay. The antagonistic activity of lipopeptides extracted from  B. subtilis  strains showed 21.56 to 88.89 % inhibition of  S. sclerotiorum  in the lowest to highest concentration of lipopeptide tested and was found to be significantly higher than the control. The present study has shown that  B. subtilis  strains vary in the production of lipopeptides and some of them could produce lipopeptides that are highly inhibitory to S. sclerotiorum. B. subtilis  strain NBAIR BSWG1 showed the highest inhibition for S. sclerotiorum. Lipopeptide based poison food technique and the dual culture bioassay results showed that B. subtilis  strain NBAIR BSWG1 has immense potential for use in the biological control of  S. sclerotiorum. Further studies are being carried out in formulating the lipopeptides for field application.

Keywords

Antimicrobial property, biopesticide, PCR, soft rot of vegetable, Western Ghats.

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