Informatics Publishing Limited

R. N. Adhikari , M. S. Rama Mohan Rao , A. K. Singh , K. K. Reddy

Abstract

Vegetative measures for soil & water conservation are preferred due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. A study conducted during 1996-2000 in black soil semi-arid region showed that among the commonly occurring grasses, Cenchrus ciliaris, Dichanthium annulatum and Cymbopogon martini were most effective in reducing surface runoff which ranged from 9 to 12%, while sediment loss varied from 500 - 1000 kg/ha and was below permissible limits of 5 t/ha/year. Cymbopogon has drought resistance and capability to withstand limited grazing. It also gives comparatively more (1.7 to 2.4 times) biomass production with aromatic uses. Thus, from a holistic perspective Cymbopogon is recommended for conservation and production. By artificial seeding on large scale, Cymbopogon, Ciliaris and Dichanthium can replace the Sehima species which has currently failed to survive due to changed environment.

Keywords

Grass Species, Run-off, Soil Loss, Semi-arid, Black Soil

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R. N. Adhlkari , M. S. R. Rao , V. Selvi , S. K. N. Math , V. Husenappa , K. K. Reddy

Abstract

The 'C' value obtained from standard table by using the rational formula Q = ClA/S60 for arriving at discharges appears to be high under semi-arid conditions of,India, since in many years a high discharge is never observed. 'C' value computed from runoff data recorded under different types of vegetation cover under field conditions are presented in this paper. It is found that the 'C' value is 40 to 60% less than the value presented in the standard table. The value of modified 'C' were tested in a independent watershed in aimilar agroclimatic conditions. By adopting these values it is possible to reduce the section of a structure and thereby the cost. This was tested and it was observed that structures using the modified 'C' values performed satisfactorily. A sample calculation is also shown.

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Jesoth Lalu Naik ¹, Anwar Basha Dudekula ¹, K. S. N. Reddy ¹, K. K. Reddy ¹, A. Papa Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Anthropology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

The incidence of diabetes is continuously increasing worldwide. Pre-diabetes represents an intermediate state, which often to overt diabetes within a few years. The aim of the study is to assess the pre-diabetes in the adults of Tirupati urban, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 9 months. A total 245 subjects were taken for the study between the age group of20-40 years. Fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test was done and samples were estimated for different risk factors. The data was collected and analyzed in percentage. 38(15.4%) subjects were in pre-diabetes stage (Impaired fasting blood glucose 30 (12.2%), Impaired glucose tolerance 8(3.26%) and with both features 6(2.4%). Apart from the familial history, elevated triglycerides levels, BMI and decreased levels of HDL was found to be leading risk factors prevailing in the subjects studied (N=245). 15.4% of the subjects were found to be prediabetic. All the pre-diabetics are identified as male subjects. It was found that in more than 50% of the subjects apart from family history hypertriglyceridemia, BMI and low levels of HDL cholesterol were elevated.

Keywords

Pre-Diabetes, Oral Glucose Test, Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose, Triglycerides.

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Suresh Kumar ¹, A. Raizada ¹, H. Biswas ¹, A. S. Morade ¹, K. K. Reddy ¹, W. Murlidhar ¹, K. S. Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Bellary 583 104, IN

Abstract

The policy decision to provide free or subsidized electricity has been a key driver for widespread groundwater exploitation in India. Groundwater utilization has immensely enhanced crop productivity and employment generation, which has led to poverty reduction and rural prosperity. To boost rural development in the 1970s, state government, initially began unmetered electricity supply for irrigation, which is still being continued in different states as part of their rural development policy. Policy planners and administrators are now faced with the challenge to design and implement a workable mechanism to manage the evergrowing complexity of groundwater - energy nexus. Groundwater extraction has already surpassed sustainable utilization limits in most parts of India.

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