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- P. Muralidharan
- P. Mahesh
- K. P. Salin
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- P. Vengal Rao
- Malarkodi Velraj
- A. Vijayalakshmi
- S. Jayakumari
- S. Ramamoorthy
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- Hemalatha
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Journals
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Srikanth, J.
- Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Pericarps of Sapindus Emarginatus Vahl
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nager, Thoraippakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nager, Thoraippakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 1, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 21-24Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the analgesic and antiinflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of pericarps of Sapindus emarginatus. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the pericarps revealed the presence of saponins, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and sugars. The central analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated using eddy's hot plate method and formalin test whereas peripheral analgesic activity using acetic acid induced writhing test. The extract was studied for anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats and the paw volume was measured plethysmometrically. The study was carried out using dose (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) of the extract. Pentazocin (10mg/kg, i.p.) is the standard drug for the centrally acting analgesic activity whereas indomethacin (10mg/kg, i.p.) is the standard for peripheral acting analgesics and anti-inflammatory activity. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test. P value less than 0.5 were considered significant. The methanolic extract of Sapindus emarginatus significantly (p<0.05) reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and analgesic activity evidenced by increase in the reaction time by eddy's hot plate method. It also significantly inhibited the neurogenic and inflammatory pain in formalin test as well as the writhing reaction induced by acetic acid. The methanolic extract of Sapindus emarginatus showed significant antiinflammatory and analgesic effect comparative to the standard drugs. The pharmacological screening of the extract showed significant antinociceptive activity with anti-inflammatory profile.Keywords
Sapindus emarginatus, Carrageenan, Inflammation, Paw Edema.
References
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- Ahmadiani A, Fereidoni M, Semnanion S, Kamalinejad M, Saremi S. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Sambucus ebulus rhizome extracts in rats. J Ethanopharmacol 1998; 61(3): 229-235.
- Nair R , Kalariya T , Sumitra Chanda , Antibacterial activity of some selected Indian Medicinal flora.Turk J Biol. 2005;29:41-47.
- Venkatesh V, Sharma1 JD and Raka Kamal, A Comparitive study of alcoholic extract of Sapindus emarginatus,Terminalia belerica, Cuminnum cyminum and Allium cepa on reproductive organs of Male albino rats. Asian J. Exp. Sci, 2002; 16(1&2), 51-63.
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- Eddy NB, Lembach D. Synthesis and evaluation of antiinflammatory and analgesic activity of pyrido [2,1-b] quinazoline. J Pharma Exp Ther 1953; 707: 385-393.
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- Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenan induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for anti inflammatory drugs. Proc Soc Exp Bio Med 1962; 111: 544-547.
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- Occurrence of the Hispa Asamangulia cuspidata and its Parasitoids in South India
Abstract Views :434 |
PDF Views:155
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
1 ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 12 (2015), Pagination: 2288-2295Abstract
The occurrence of the leaf miner Asamangulia cuspidata Maulik (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Hispini) on sugarcane in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, is reported here with notes on pest biology and parasitoid activity. A minor pest in a few states of subtropical India, the miner was first noticed in May 2014 during routine surveys. Systematic observations in selected experimental and growers' plots revealed low levels of incidence and intensity, the highest mean attack rates being 4.18% on plant basis and 12.41% on leaf basis. Mean mined leaf area showed a high of 4.24 sq. cm and it constituted 1.28% of the total leaf area. Cross-sections of young and mature mines indicated feeding on softer tissues by the solitary grub in the early stages, but extensive mining by the grown-up grub leading to complete drying of the mined area. One apparently new Bracon sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), two Pediobius spp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and one Eurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) were recovered from the miner. While Bracon sp. contributed 70% to the overall parasitism rate of 39.3%, the remaining parasitoids accounted for 30% with likely hyperparasitism among them. The possible origin of the miner and the role of parasitoids in its natural control at the present study site are also discussed.Keywords
Leaf Miner, Parasitoids, Parasitism, Pest Biology, Sugarcane.Full Text
- A Review on Herbal Shampoo and Its Evaluation
Abstract Views :721 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Vol 3, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 153-156Abstract
Shampooing is the most common form of hair treatment. Shampoos are primarily been products aimed at cleansing the hair and scalp. In the present scenario, it seems improbable that herbal shampoo, although better in performance and safer than the synthetic ones, will be popular with the consumers. A more radical approach in popularizing herbal shampoo would be to change the consumers' expectations from a shampoo, with emphasis on safety and efficacy. The present paper emphasizes on composition, types, methods of evaluation, also a brief review on herbal shampoo formulations.Keywords
Herbal Shampoo, Types, Formulation, Evaluation Methods.- Antidepressant-Like Effects of the Ethanolic Extract of Albizzia lebbeck (Linn) Leaves in Animal Models of Depression
Abstract Views :281 |
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Authors
Malarkodi Velraj
1,
A. Vijayalakshmi
2,
S. Jayakumari
2,
S. Ramamoorthy
2,
V. Ravichandiran
2,
J. Srikanth
3
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Vels School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai–117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Vels School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Vels School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai–117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Vels School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol 2, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 30-33Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the antidepressant effects of Albizzia lebbeck leaves in various animal depression models. The alcoholic extract (70% v/v ethanol) of Albizzia lebbeck leaves (200 and 400 mg/kg. p.o) was administered once daily for seven successive days to separate groups of young male swiss albino mice. The immobility periods of control and treated mice were recorded in two behavioral despair models forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and the effect of extract on locomotor function of mice was studied using actophotometer. The antidepressant-like effect of tested drug was compared to that of imipramine (15 mg/kg. p.o) and fluoxetine (20mg/kg.p.o). The leaf extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly decreased the duration of immobility time in a dose dependent manner in both FST and TST.
The extract did not show significant effect on locomotor activity of mice. The efficacy of tested extract was found to be comparable to that of imipramine and fluoxetine. Our results suggested that the ethanolic extract of Albizzia lebbeck leaves exerts antidepressant-like effect.
Keywords
Albizzia lebbeck, Depression, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test.- Pharmacognostical and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies on the Stem Bark of Soymida febrifuga (Roxb)
Abstract Views :257 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Malarkodi Velraj
1,
Armstrong
1,
Ravichandran
1,
Jeyakumari
1,
Hemalatha
1,
Vijayalakshmi
1,
J. Srikanth
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, VELS College of Pharmacy, VELS University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600 043, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600 116, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, VELS College of Pharmacy, VELS University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600 043, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600 116, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol 1, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 213-216Abstract
Soymida febrifuga is commonly known as Shem in Tamil and Indian red wood in English. In Ayurveda the bark is used as a good cure for ulcer, leprosy and dysentery. In unani the bark is used as an astringent to the bowel and useful in fever. The bark is also used in vaginal infection, rheumatic swellings, oedema, wounds, dental problems, uterine bleeding and malarial fever. There was no report on the pharmacognostic study of the plant and hence the present investigation deals with the anatomical, microscopical, powder microscopy, physio-chemical, fluorescence analysis, Thin layer chromatography and high performance thin layer chromatography. The study revealed the presence of drugs of calcium oxalate, tannins dilated phloem rays, sieve elements and schlerids. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, flavanoids and tannins.
Keywords
Soymida febrifuga, TLS, RLS.- Anthelminthic Activity of Sapindus emarginatus Vahl
Abstract Views :242 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, C.L.Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nager, Thoraippakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Sri Ramachandra College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai-600116, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, C.L.Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Jyothi Nager, Thoraippakkam, Chennai-600 097, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol 1, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 236-237Abstract
Petroleum Ether, diethyl ether, chloroform, and alcoholic extract of pericarps of Sapindus emarginatus were evaluated separately for anthelmintic activity on adult Indian earthworms, Pheretima posithuma; the results revealed that the alcoholic extract produced significant anthelmintic activity. The activities are comparable with the reference drug Piperazine citrate.Keywords
Anthelmintic Activity, Sapindus emarginatus, Pheretima posithuma, Piperazine Citrate.- Screening Models for CNS Stimulant Drugs:A Review
Abstract Views :281 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sri Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sri Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 3, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 151-155Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are medicines that speed up physical and mental processes. Central nervous system stimulants are used to treat conditions characterized by lack of adrenergic stimulation, including narcolepsy and neonatal apnea. Additionally, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) are used for their paradoxical effect in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The majority of CNS stimulants is chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine and simulates the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal. Caffeine is more closely related to the xanthines, such as theophylline. A small number of additional members of the CNS stimulant class do not fall into specific chemical groups. The review on central nervous system stimulants gives detail study of CNS stimulant drugs, their mechanism of action and in vivo models of CNS stimulants.Keywords
CNS Stimulant, Actophotometer, Rota Rod, Open Field Test, Elevated Plus Maze.- Providing Security to Wireless Packet Networks by using Optimized Security Method
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aurora's Engineering College, Bhongir, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aurora's Engineering College, Bhongir, IN
Source
Oriental Journal of Computer Science and Technology, Vol 5, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 107-114Abstract
Now-a-days technology is growing very fast, due to rapid development of the technology in computer arena, communication through network become a habit to the users. Communication through network is happen using two channels i.e., by connection oriented and connection less. At present users prefer wireless networks for communication and transferring data due to its flexibility. So in this paper we are focusing on wireless networking, as it is not reliable we are proposing an optimized security technique to provide security to the communication on wireless. In this paper we mainly focus on packet scheduling which plays the vital role in the transmission of data over wireless networks. We are using optimized security technique to secure the packets at initial level itself while scheduling the packets.Keywords
Real-Time Packets, Packet Scheduling, Wireless Networks, Security, Cryptography, Secret key, Bandwidth.Full Text
- Web mite Schizotetranychus krungthepensis on sugarcane in India: molecular evidence for occurrence and the way forward
Abstract Views :397 |
PDF Views:171
Authors
Affiliations
1 Section of Entomology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
2 Section of Biotechnology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
3 Section of Physiology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
1 Section of Entomology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
2 Section of Biotechnology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
3 Section of Physiology, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 123, No 8 (2022), Pagination: 1038-1049Abstract
Following the detection of an incongruity in the nomenclature of sugarcane web mite Schizotetranychus andropogoni (Hirst) (Acari: Tetranychidae), we collected web mite samples from commercial hybrids of sugarcane and Saccharum spontaneum in parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala States, India. Acarologists identified these samples as Schizotetranychus krungthepensis Naing & Auger (Acari: Tetranychidae), originally described from Thailand in 2014. To provide molecular evidence to distinguish S. krungthepensis from S. andropogoni, we subjected sequences of 5.8S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) genes of both species available in NCBI database to Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA6). The analysis produced phylogenetic trees with distinct clusters for S. andropogoni and S. krungthepensis, albeit with some exceptions, thus providing evidence to consider S. krungthepensis a species distinctly different from S. andropogoni. In view of the possible threat of S. krungthepensis to sugarcane cultivation in the country, we outline the basic course of action needed to manage the pest if it were to assume more serious proportions than the native species it appears to be displacingFull Text
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