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Wahid, H.
- Enhancing the Growth Performance of Replacement Female Breeder Goats Through Modification of Feeding Program
Abstract Views :132 |
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Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy female boer cross goats at the age of 4 months old with average initial live body weight (BW) of 20.05±0.5 kg were used for on-farm feeding trial to evaluate the growth performance as preparation for breeding purposes. The experimental goats were divided into two groups of 15 animals each labeled as control and treatment groups, which were kept under intensive farming system. Goats in control group were fed with normal routine feeding protocol practiced by the farmer, while goats in the treatment group were fed with new feed formulation. Throughout the experimental period, on-farm monitoring and data collection were carried out. Initial BW and body condition score (BCS) were recorded before the start of the experiment while final BW and BCS were gained after 7 months of the experimental period. Average daily gain (ADG) was calculated after the experiment end. Data on BW, ADG, and BCS were recorded from both groups for every 2 weeks and reported monthly. The feed intake for the control group was 2.8 kg/animal/day which practiced by the farmer and 3.2 kg/animal/day as new feed formulation for the treatment group.
Results: After 7 months of the experimental period, final BW shows an improvement in treatment group (39.1±1.53 kg) compared with control group (32.3±1.23 kg). The ADG in treatment group also gives promising result when comparing with control group. Goats in treatment group significantly attained better ADG than control group which were 126.7 g/day and 83.3 g/day, respectively. For the BCS, goats in the treatment group had shown an improvement where 86.67% (13 out of 15) of the group had BCS≥3 (1-5 scoring scale) and only 66.67% (10 out of 15) of the control group had BCS≥3.
Conclusion: Therefore, it was concluded that implementation of proper feeding program as shown in treatment group give promising result to improve the growth performance of replacement breeder goats which can be adopted by the farmers to improve farm productivity.
Authors
A. A. A. Ghani
1,
M. S. Shahudin
1,
M. Zamri-Saad
2,
A. B. Zuki
2,
H. Wahid
2,
A. Kasim
3,
M. S. Salisi
1,
Hasliza Abu Hassim
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
2 Research Centre for Ruminant Diseases, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
3 Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
1 Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
2 Research Centre for Ruminant Diseases, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
3 Department of Animal Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 6 (2017), Pagination: 630-635Abstract
Aim: The study was conducted at a smallholder goat farm located in Labu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of proper feeding program on growth performances of replacement breeder goats.Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy female boer cross goats at the age of 4 months old with average initial live body weight (BW) of 20.05±0.5 kg were used for on-farm feeding trial to evaluate the growth performance as preparation for breeding purposes. The experimental goats were divided into two groups of 15 animals each labeled as control and treatment groups, which were kept under intensive farming system. Goats in control group were fed with normal routine feeding protocol practiced by the farmer, while goats in the treatment group were fed with new feed formulation. Throughout the experimental period, on-farm monitoring and data collection were carried out. Initial BW and body condition score (BCS) were recorded before the start of the experiment while final BW and BCS were gained after 7 months of the experimental period. Average daily gain (ADG) was calculated after the experiment end. Data on BW, ADG, and BCS were recorded from both groups for every 2 weeks and reported monthly. The feed intake for the control group was 2.8 kg/animal/day which practiced by the farmer and 3.2 kg/animal/day as new feed formulation for the treatment group.
Results: After 7 months of the experimental period, final BW shows an improvement in treatment group (39.1±1.53 kg) compared with control group (32.3±1.23 kg). The ADG in treatment group also gives promising result when comparing with control group. Goats in treatment group significantly attained better ADG than control group which were 126.7 g/day and 83.3 g/day, respectively. For the BCS, goats in the treatment group had shown an improvement where 86.67% (13 out of 15) of the group had BCS≥3 (1-5 scoring scale) and only 66.67% (10 out of 15) of the control group had BCS≥3.
Conclusion: Therefore, it was concluded that implementation of proper feeding program as shown in treatment group give promising result to improve the growth performance of replacement breeder goats which can be adopted by the farmers to improve farm productivity.
Keywords
Feeding, Goat, Growth Performance, Replacement Breeder.Full Text
- Effect of Different Concentrations of Soybean Lecithin and Virgin Coconut Oil in Tris-Based Extender on the Quality of Chilled and Frozen-Thawed Bull Semen
Abstract Views :140 |
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Materials and Methods: A total of 24 ejaculates were collected from four bulls via an electroejaculator. Semen samples were diluted with 2% VCO in Tris-based extender which consists of various concentrations of SL (1, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75%). A 20% egg yolk in Tris used as a positive control (C+). The diluted semen samples were divided into two fractions; one for chilling which were stored at 4°C for 24, 72, and 144 h before evaluated for semen quality parameters. The second fraction used for freezing was chilled for 3 h at 4°C, packed into 0.25 mL straws and then cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The samples were then evaluated after 7 and 14 days. Chilled and frozen semen samples were thawed at 37°C and assessed for general motility using computer-assisted semen analysis, viability, acrosome integrity and morphology (eosin-nigrosin stain), membrane integrity, and lipid peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reaction test.
Results: The results showed that all the quality parameters assessed were significantly (p<0.05) improved at 1.5% SL concentration in chilled semen. Treatment groups of 1, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75% SL were higher in quality parameters than the control group (C+) in chilled semen. However, all the quality parameters in frozen-thawed semen were significantly higher in the C+ than the treated groups.
Conclusion: In conclusion, supplementation of 1.5% SL in 2% VCO Tris-based extender enhanced the chilled bull semen. However, there was no marked improvement in the frozen-thawed quality parameters after treatment.
Authors
A. A. Tarig
1,
H. Wahid
2,
Y. Rosnina
2,
N. Yimer
2,
Y. M. Goh
3,
F. H. Baiee
2,
A. M. Khumran
2,
H. Salman
2,
M. A. Assi
3,
M. Ebrahimi
3
Affiliations
1 Department of Dairy Production, University of Khartoum, SD
2 Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
3 Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
1 Department of Dairy Production, University of Khartoum, SD
2 Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
3 Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang-43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 6 (2017), Pagination: 672-678Abstract
Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of soybean lecithin (SL) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) in Tris-based extender on chilled and frozen-thawed bull semen quality parameters.Materials and Methods: A total of 24 ejaculates were collected from four bulls via an electroejaculator. Semen samples were diluted with 2% VCO in Tris-based extender which consists of various concentrations of SL (1, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75%). A 20% egg yolk in Tris used as a positive control (C+). The diluted semen samples were divided into two fractions; one for chilling which were stored at 4°C for 24, 72, and 144 h before evaluated for semen quality parameters. The second fraction used for freezing was chilled for 3 h at 4°C, packed into 0.25 mL straws and then cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The samples were then evaluated after 7 and 14 days. Chilled and frozen semen samples were thawed at 37°C and assessed for general motility using computer-assisted semen analysis, viability, acrosome integrity and morphology (eosin-nigrosin stain), membrane integrity, and lipid peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reaction test.
Results: The results showed that all the quality parameters assessed were significantly (p<0.05) improved at 1.5% SL concentration in chilled semen. Treatment groups of 1, 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75% SL were higher in quality parameters than the control group (C+) in chilled semen. However, all the quality parameters in frozen-thawed semen were significantly higher in the C+ than the treated groups.
Conclusion: In conclusion, supplementation of 1.5% SL in 2% VCO Tris-based extender enhanced the chilled bull semen. However, there was no marked improvement in the frozen-thawed quality parameters after treatment.
Keywords
Bull Semen, Cryopreservation, Quality Parameters, Soybean Lecithin, Virgin Coconut Oil.Full Text