Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Kaur, Gurleen
- Validity of Twin Deficit Hypothesis in Indian Case : A Myth or Reality?
Abstract Views :330 |
PDF Views:123
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, IN
1 Department of Economics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, IN
Source
Review of Professional Management- A Journal of New Delhi Institute of Management, Vol 13, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 11-22Abstract
In recent times, the twin-deficit hypothesis that there is a strong link between Fiscal Deficits (FD) and Current Account Deficits (CAD) is in the forefront of the policy debate. For most of the last thirty years, India has faced a 'twin deficit' situation viz. simultaneous Fiscal Deficits and Current Account Deficits. This empirical exercise is undertaken with a view to examine the linkages between the two deficits in India from 1980-1981 to 2012-2013. First, we have applied Johensen cointegration test in order to investigate the long run relationship between CAD and FD. Further, we have tested the stability of the equilibrium using VECM along with Granger Causality test to find evidence and direction of long-run causality between Current Account Deficits to Fiscal Deficits and vice versa. The study found evidence of a long-run cointegrating relation between CAD and FD, while in the short run our evidence favours the hypothesis that there exists a uni-directional Granger Causality between CAD and FD in India. It is only the Fiscal Deficits which adjusts to the external deficit. The study found evidence of unidirectional reverse causality between the Current Account Deficits and the Fiscal Deficits.Keywords
CAD, FD, Granger Casualty, Twin Deficits.Full Text
References
- Agarwal, Anuradha (2014), 'Current Account Deficits And Fiscal Deficitss A Case Study Of India', National Monthly Refereed Journal of Research In Commerce & Management ,Volume III, February'14
- Bose, Suchismita and Jha, Sudipta (December.2011) "India's Twin Deficits: Some Fresh Empirical Evidence" ICRA Bulletin Money Finance
- Evan Lau, Baharumshah Zubaidi (2004), On the Twin Deficits Hypothesis: Is Malaysia Different? Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, University of Putra Malaysia, Volume. 12, No. 2.
- Hakro, Ahmed (2009) "Twin Deficits Causality Link Evidence Pakistan" International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 24.
- Khalil et al, (2013), "Validation of Twin Deficits Hypothesis: A Case Study of Pakistan", Universal Journal of Management and Social Sciences Vol. 3, No.10.
- Kulkarni, Kishore and Erickson, Erick (2001). Twin Deficit Revisited: Evidence from India, Pakistan and Mexico. The Journal of Applied Business Research, Vol.17, No. 2.
- Mukhtar et al. (2007). An Empirical Investigation for the Twin Deficit Hypothesis in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Cooperation, 28(4).
- Ratha, A, (2010), "Twin Deficits or Distant Cousins? Evidence from India," Working Papers2010-5 Classification- F, Saint Cloud State University
- Basu, S and Dutta, D (2005), Does Fiscal Deficitss influence Trade Deficits - An Econometric Enquiry, Economic and Political weekly Vol.XL, No.30
- Baharumshah et al, (2005), "Testing Twin Deficits Hypothesis: Using VARs and Variance Decomposition," International Finance, EconWPA. File URL: http://128.118.178.162/eps/if/papers/0504/0504001.pdf
- Sivarajasingham, S. and Balamurali, N.(2010) An Empirical Analysis of the Twin Deficits Evidence from Sri Lanka, Journal of Management Vol.V.No.1.October 2010.pp.60-79
- Suri, Davinder and Shome, Swaha (2013), "The Twin Deficits Hypothesis: a Mirage in India" IJRESS, Volume 3, Issue 12
- Analysis of Fiber Bragg Grating for Indoor Applications
Abstract Views :98 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Gurleen Kaur
1,
Lovkesh
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
Source
Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol 20 (2016), Pagination: 184-188Abstract
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is the temperature measurement technology. FBG is the mainstream of optical communication and sensing. In this paper, an optigrating software is used to measure the temperature, stress and strain of FBG at room temperature. The temperature is measured in linear form 24° to 42° Celsius at the grating length 5000 μm. The comparison is also made with the phase shift of grating at same length with the Gaussian apodization. The result defines the dispersion and delay in wavelength. From the results of the simulation, it is determined that there is a linear connection between the temperature and the Bragg wavelength as well as in the strain change.Keywords
FBG Sensor, Bragg Wavelength, Grating Spectrum, FBG Temperature Sensing, Optical Sensor.Full Text
- Opportunity Analysis of Educational Mobile App to Provide Higher Education in Rural India
Abstract Views :271 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Neetu Ahmed
1,
Gurleen Kaur
2
Affiliations
1 Vedatya Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, IN
2 Sri Guru Gobind College of Commerce, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
1 Vedatya Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, IN
2 Sri Guru Gobind College of Commerce, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
Source
Abhigyan, Vol 35, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 35-46Abstract
Education is one of the most important instruments for growth of an economy. All developing economies are ensuring access to quality education for all, in particular for the poor and rural population. While on one side rural India is lacking in basic amenities like schools, colleges, universities, library, hospitals, transportation, on the other side mobile subscriptions are increasing year on year. This paper reflects the mobile technology usage readiness among the rural students of Madhya Pradesh for educational apps based on the survey through questionnaires. Total numbers of 8273 respondents across 43 villages of Madhya Pradesh were covered during the study. The findings show that there exists high level of readiness among the rural youth for educational mobile apps to meet their educational needs. This paper serves as a reference base for future studies focused on development of mobile learning applications specially for improving education levels of rural students.Keywords
Mobile Learning, Learning Theories, Higher Education, Educational Mobile Apps, Developing Economies.
References
- Allen S. J. (2007). Adult learning theory & leadership development, Leadership Review, 7, 26-37.
- ASER (2014). Annual Status of Education Report (Rural) Retrieved from www.asercentre.org/P/51.html?P=61
- Attewell, J., & Savill S. C. (2003). M-learning and social inclusion – focusing on learners and learning. Proceedings of MLEARN 2003: Learning with Mobile Devices (pp. 3-12). London, UK: Learning and Skills Development Agency.
- Avgerou, C. (2008). Information systems in developing countries: A critical research review. Journal of Information Technology, 23 (3), 133-146.
- Brown, J.S., Collins, A., & Duguid, S. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18 (1), 32-42.
- Bruner, J. (1966). Toward a theory of instruction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Chinnery, G.M. (2006). Emerging technologies going to the MALL: Mobile assisted language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 10, 9–16.
- Cortez, C., Nussbaum, M., Santelices, R., Rodríguez, P., Zurita, G., Correa, M., & Cautivo, R. (March, 2004). Teaching science with mobile computer supported collaborative learning (MCSCL). Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (pp. 67-74). JungLi, Taiwan: IEEE Computer Society.
- Joseph, S., Binsted, K., & Suthers, D. (Nov, 2005). Photo study: Vocabulary learning and collaboration on fixed and mobile devices. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (pp. 206-210). Tokushima, Japan: IEEE Computer Society.
- IAMAI says India will have 500 Million Internet users by 2017. (2015, July 21). The Indian ExpressRetrieved from: http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-news-technology/iamai-says-india-to-have236-million-mobile-internet-users-by-2016/#sthash.ckWCjAvi.dpuf.
- Kadyte, V. (2003). Learning can happen anywhere: A mobile system for language learning. In J. Attewell & C. Savill-Smith ( Eds.) Learning with mobile devices research and development Proc MLEARN 2003 (pp. 73-78). London: Learning and Skills Development Agency.
- Kiernan, P.J., & Aizawa, K. (2004). Cell phones in task based learning: Are cell phones useful language learning tools? ReCALL, 16 (1), 71-84.
- Kim, P., Buckner, E., Kim, H., Makany, T., Taleja, N., & Parikh, V. (2012). A comparative analysis of a gamebased mobile learning model in low-socioeconomic communities of India. International Journal of Educational Development, 32 (2), 329-340. Elsevier Ltd.
- Koschmann, T., Kelson, A. C., Feltovich, P. J., & Barrows, H. S. (1996). Computer-supported Problem-Based Learning: A principled approach to the use of computers in collaborative learning. In T.D. Koschmann (Ed.), CSCL: Theory and Practice of an Emerging Paradigm (pp. 83–124). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Lave, J., & Wenger, E (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
- Levy, M., & Kennedy, C. (2005). Learning Italian via mobile SMS. In: Mobile Learning: A Handbook for Educators and Trainers. (pp. 76–83.) Taylor and Francis, London.
- Lonsdale, P, Baber, C, Sharples, M ., & Arvanitis, T. N. (2003). A context-awareness architecture for facilitating mobile learning. Proceedings of MLEARN 2003: Learning with Mobile Devices (pp. 79-85). London, UK: Learning and Skills Development Agency.
- Looi, C. K., Scow, P., Zhang, B.H., So, H, J., Chen, W. L., & Wong, L. H. (2010). Leveraging mobile technology for sustainable seamless learning: A research agenda. British Journal of Educational Technology, 41(2), 154-169.
- Ogata, H., & Yano, Y. (2004). Knowledge awareness map for computer-supported ubiquitous language-learning, Proceedings of 2nd International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education, JungLi, Taiwan, 2325 March.
- Pea, R., & Maldonado, H. (2006). WILD for learning: Interacting through new computing devices anytime, anywhere. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences (pp. 427-441). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Prakash, A., & De, R. (2007). Importance of development context in ICT4D projects: A study of computerization of land records in India. Information Technology and People, 20 (3), 262–281.
- PwC Global 100 Software Leaders report (2013), Retrieved from http://www.pwc.in/press-releases/indiansoftwareindustry-poised-for-strong-revenue-growth.html.
- Saxena R., Sen A., Indian app makers struggle for download breakthroughs (2013, March 4) Live Mint, Retrieved from http://www.livemint.com/Industry/rKbwPPa4A11X4952SVwcuJ/Indian-app-makersstrugglefor-download-breakthroughs.html.
- Sharples, M., Taylor, J., & Vavoula, G. (2005). Towards a Theory of Mobile Learning, in van der Merwe H, Brown T, Mobile Technology: The Future of Learning in Your Hands, mLearn 2005 Book of Abstracts, 4th World Conference on mLearning, Cape Town, 25-28 October 2005, Cape Town: mLearn 2005, p. 58.
- Reimers, F. (2000). Unequal schools, unequal chances: The challenges to equal opportunity in the Americas, Harvard University Press.
- Rheingold, H. (2003). Smart mobs: The next social revolution, Cambridge, MA: Perseus.
- Rogers, Y, Price, S, Harris, E, Phelps, T, Underwood, M, Wilde, D, Smith, H, Muller, H, Randell, C, Stanton, D, Neale, H, Thompson, M, Weal, M., & Michaelides, D (2002). Learning through digitally-augmented physical experiences: reflections on the Ambient Wood project. EQUATOR IRC. Retrieved from http://mcs.open.ac.uk/ yr258/papers/Rogers_Ambient_Wood2.1.pd.
- Siemens, G. (2004). Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age. International journal of instructional technology and distance learning, 2 (1), 3-10.
- Squire, K. D., & Klopfer, E. (2007). Augmented reality simulations on handheld computers, Journal of the learning Sciences, 16 (3), 371-413.
- Stavredes, T. (2011). Effective online teaching: Foundations and strategies for student success. San Fransisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
- Shuler, C. (2009). iLearnII; An Analysis of the education category of Apple's App store. New York: The Joan Ganz Cooney Center at Sesame Workshop.
- Thornton, P., & Houser, C. (2005). Using mobile phones in English education in Japan. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21, 217–228.
- TRAI (2014) report retrieved from http://www.trai.gov.in/
- Trucano M. (2007). What do we know about the effective uses of information and communication technologies in education in developing countries?, Assessing the effects of ICT in education, OECD, 61-67.
- Walsham, G. (2010). ICTS for the broader development of India: An analysis of the literature. Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 41 (4), 1–20.
- The World Bank, World Development Indicators (2014) retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/ sites/default/files/wdi2014-highlights.pdf.
- Zurita, G., Nussbaum, M., & Sharples, M. (2003). Encouraging face-to-face collaborative learning through the use of hand-held computers in the classroom: Proceedings of Mobile HCI 2003 (pp. 193-208). Udine, Italy: Springer-Verlag .
- Zurita, G., & Nussbaum, M. (2004). Computer supported collaborative learning using wirelessly interconnected hand-held computers. Computers & Education, 42(3), 289-314.
- The Relationship Between Fiscal Deficit And Inflation In India: A Cointegration Analysis
Abstract Views :231 |
PDF Views:169
Authors
Affiliations
1 Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, IN
1 Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, IN
Source
Journal of Business Thought, Vol 8, No 0 (2017), Pagination: 42-70Abstract
Maintaining price stability is an important macroeconomic goal for sustainability of economic growth. Fiscal deficit has come to be widely regarded as the key player in determining inflation dynamics. Theoretical insights on inflation, however, give a contrasting view on the inflationary tendencies of fiscal deficit. The fiscal theory of price level suggests that persistent budget deficits can result in inflation, while the monetarists consider inflation to be a monetary phenomenon. The structural economists attribute rising prices to the changes in demand and supply constraints while Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis views fiscal deficit and inflation to be independent of each other. In light of these competing theoretical views on the factors affecting inflation, this study empirically examines the equilibrium relationship between fiscal deficit, money supply, exchange rate and inflation using Indian annual data for the period 1970-71 to 2014-15. The econometric framework used for the analysis is the Johansen cointegration technique, which tests both the existence and the number of cointegrating vectors. Furthermore, for testing the short-run causality, Granger Causality tests have been employed. The results show that there exists a long-run relationship between fiscal deficit, money supply, exchange rate volatility and inflation. Granger Causality tests do not confirm the causality running from fiscal deficit to inflation. This implies that the fiscal theory of the price level does not find empirical support in the Indian case. Given these findings, the efficacy of fiscal deficit as an instrument of price stabilisation in the short-run is questioned.Keywords
Exchange Rate, Fiscal Deficit, Granger Causality, Inflation, Johansen Cointegration, Money Supply.Full Text
- Fiscal Deficit and Inflation in India and China: A Comparative Analysis
Abstract Views :279 |
PDF Views:120
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, New Delhi - 110034, IN
1 Department of Economics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce, University of Delhi, New Delhi - 110034, IN
Source
Journal of Business Thought, Vol 11 (2020), Pagination: 65-67Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No keywordsFull Text
- Estimation of Synergistic Antioxidant Effect of Methanolic Extracts of Some Medicinal Herbs
Abstract Views :99 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Patiala -140401, Punjab,, IN
2 University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University -160014, Chandigarh,, IN
1 Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Patiala -140401, Punjab,, IN
2 University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University -160014, Chandigarh,, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 3 (2022), Pagination: 1042-1046Abstract
Antioxidant activity encompasses protection against cellular wear and tear by interfering in the formation of free radicals. The majority of the diseases are linked to oxidative stress generated due to these free radicals. It makes the basis for plants containing secondary metabolites showing antioxidant activity as the potential source for development of newer formulations showing action against diseases like infections, cancers and other degenerative diseases. The present study involves the study of methanolic extracts of three medicinal herbs cannabis (Cannabis sativa.), wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) and carrot (Dascus carota L.) commonly available in Indian cultivation. The antioxidant potential of the combination of these extracts was also studied. The combinations showed a synergistic antioxidant activity suggesting that potential of natural plant extracts against any disease can be increased when used in combinations.Keywords
Antioxidant, Synergistic, Plant extract, Wheat grass, Cannabis, Carrot, Phytochemical.References
- Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2010;4(8):118. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3249911/
- Muthukumaran P, Shanmuganathan P, Malathi C. In Vitro Antioxidant Evaluation of Mimosa pudica. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2011; 1(2): 44-46. http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ajpr&volume=1&issue=2&article=005
- Pham-Huy LA, Hua H, Pham-Huy C. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health. International Journal of Biomedical Science: IJBS. 2008; 4(2): 89. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3614697/
- Samal PK. Antioxidant activity of Strobilanthes asperrimus in albino rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2013; 3(2): 71-74. http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ajpr&volume=3&issue=2&article=003
- Natividad C, Santiago A, Alias JC. Quantification of the Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts: Analysis of Sensitivity and Hierarchization Based on the Method Used. Antioxidants; 2020: 9(1): 76. doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010076. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/76/htm
- Phaniendra A,Jestadi DB, Periyasamy L. Free radicals: properties, sources, targets, and their implication in various diseases. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry. 2015; 30(1):11-26. doi: 10.1007/s12291-014-0446-0. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4310837/
- Young IS, Woodside JV. Antioxidants in health and disease. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54(3):176-86. doi.org/10.1136/jcp.54.3.176. https://jcp.bmj.com/content/54/3/176
- Jayasri R, Anuradha R. In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Boerhaavia diffusa. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2012; 4(4): 223-225. http://rjpponline.org/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal=Research%20Journal%20of%20Pharmacognosy%20and%20Phytochemistry;PID=2012-4-4-8
- Manikandan R, Anand A V. A Review on Antioxidant activity of Psidium guajava. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2015; 8(3): 339-342. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00056.6 https://rjptonline.org/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal=Research%20Journal%20of%20Pharmacy%20and%20Technology;PID=2015-8-3-10
- Kathirvel A, Sujatha V. Phytochemical studies, antioxidant activities and identification of active compounds using GC–MS of Dryopteris cochleata leaves. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2016; 9: S1435-42. doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.03.018 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535212000640
- Mujeeb F, Bajpai P, Pathak N. Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and determination of bioactive components from leaves of Aegle marmelos. BioMed Research International. 2014; 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/497606 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4037574/
- Tiwari P, Patel RK. Estimation of Total Phenolics and Flavonoids and Antioxidant Potential of Ashwagandharishta Prepared by Traditional and Modern Methods. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis.2013; 3(4): 147-152. https://ajpaonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2013-3-4-9.
- Paul S, Saha D. Pharmacognostic Studies on Methanolic Extract of the Aerial Part of Leucas zeylanica (L). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2012: 2(4): 142-143. http://asianjpr.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2012-2-4-4
- Valli G, Jeyalakshmi M. Preliminary Phytochemical and Antioxidant Study of Odina woodier Leaf Extract. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2012; 2(4): 153-155. https://asianjpr.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2012-2-4-4
- Yadav M , Meena AK, Rao MM, Mangal A, Chahal J. Physicochemical and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies On the Leaves of Crinum latifolium Linn. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2011; 3(3): 120-123. http://rjptonline.org/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal=Research+Journal+of+Pharmacognosy+and+Phytochemistry%3bPID%3d2011-3-3-6
- Sharma J, Sharma SC, Sarangdevot YS, Vyas B. Phytochemical Investigation on Stem Bark of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.). Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2012; 4(3): 178-181. https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Phytochemical+Investigation+on+Stem+Bark+of+Holoptelea+integrifolia+(Roxb.).&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart
- Nariya PB, Bhalodia NR, Shukla VJ, Acharya R, Nariya MB. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity of Cordia dichotoma (Forst f.) bark. Ayu. 2013; 34(1): 124. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.115451 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764870/
- Truong DH, Nguyen DH, Ta NT, Bui AV, Do TH, Nguyen HC. Evaluation of the use of different solvents for phytochemical constituents, antioxidants, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Severinia buxifolia. Journal of Food Quality. 2019; 2019. doi.org/10.1155/2019/8178294. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jfq/2019/8178294/
- Batra N, Honey J, Ranjan B, Mukesh B. Pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical investigation of Acorus calamus linn. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2012; 2(1): 39-42. https://asianjpr.com/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal=Asian%20Journal%20of%20Pharmaceutical%20Research;PID=2012-2-1-6
- Bairwa R, Jain H, Shrivastav B. Standardization and phytochemical investigation of Berberis aristata. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2012; 2(3): 81-84. https://ajpaonline.com/HTMLPaper.aspx?Journal=Asian%20Journal%20of%20Pharmaceutical%20Analysis;PID=2012-2-3-5
- Ahmed M, Ji M, Qin P, Gu Z, Liu Y, Sikander A. Phytochemical screening, total phenolics and flavonoids content and antilxidant activities of Citrulluscolocynthis L. and Cannabis sativa L. Applied Ecological Environmental Research. 2019; 17: 6961-79. DOI:10.15666/aeer/1703_69616979 http://www.aloki.hu/pdf/1703_69616979.pdf
- Kogan NM, Mechoulam R. Cannabinoids in health and disease. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience. 2007; 9(4): 413. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2007.9.4/nkogan https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3202504/
- Kurutas EB. The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state. Nutrition Journal. 2015; 15(1): 71. doi: 10.1186/s12937-016-0186-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4960740/
- Kaur V, Kumar M, Kumar A, Kaur K, Dhillon VS, Kaur S. Pharmacotherapeutic potential of phytochemicals: Implications in cancer chemoprevention and future perspectives. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2018; 97: 564-86. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.124. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S075333221733130X
- Kooti W, Servatyari K, Behzadifiar, Asadi-Samani M, Sadeghi F, Nouri B, Marzouni HZ. Effective Medicinal Plants in Cancer Treatment, Part 2: Review Study. Journal of Evidence Based Complementary Alternative Medicine. 2017; 22(4): 982–995. doi: 10.1177/2156587217696927. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5871268/
- Indian Pharmacopeia, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India.IP 2010; 201-205
- https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/cerillian/t005?lang=en®ion=IN
- Ruch RJ, Crist KA, Klaunig JE. Effects of culture duration on hydrogen peroxide-induced hepatocyte toxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 1989; 100(3): 451-64. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(89)90293-7
- Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, Chandra N. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2010; 4(8):118. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3249911/
- Birben E, Sahiner UM, Sackesen C, Erzurum S, Kalayci O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. World Allergy Organ Journal. 2012; 5(1): 9–19. doi: 10.1097/WOX.0b013e3182439613. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3488923/
- Tvrdá E, Benko F. Free radicals: what they are and what they do In Pathology Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants 2020; 3-13. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/hydroxyl-radical
- Li Y, Trush MA, Yager JD. DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species originating from a copper-dependent oxidation of the 2-hydroxy catechol of estradiol. Carcinogenesis. 1994; 15(7): 1421-7. doi: 10.1093/carcin/15.7.1421. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8033320
- El-Haci IA, Bekkara FA, Mazari W, Hassani F, Didi MA. Screening of biological activities of Polygonum maritimum L. from Algerian coast. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2013; 3(8): 611. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60124-0
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2221169113601240 34. Wink M. Modes of action of herbal medicines and plant secondary metabolites. Medicines. 2015; 2(3):251-86. doi: 10.3390/medicines2030251. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5456217/
- Daramola B. Preliminary investigation on antioxidant interactions between bioactive components of Solanum anguivi and Capsicum annuum. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2018; 55(9): 3827-32. doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3267-y. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6098784/
- Effect Of Fenvalerate, λ-cyhalothrin, Quinalphos And Thiamethoxam On Larval Survival In Honey Bee Apis mellifera L.
Abstract Views :102 |
PDF Views:64
Authors
Affiliations
1 Plant Protection Division, PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab 143002, IN
2 Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Garhdiwala, Hoshiarpur 144207, Punjab, IN
1 Plant Protection Division, PG Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab 143002, IN
2 Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Garhdiwala, Hoshiarpur 144207, Punjab, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Entomology, Vol 84, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 49-53Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of some insecticides on the survival of larvae of Apis mellifera L. The pyrethroids (fenvalerate and λ-cyhalothrin) caused maximum mortality at highest concentration (12.5 ppm), when compared to quinalphos and thiamethoxam. Fenvalerate was observed to be extremely toxic in its maximum concentration, as none among 1-2 days old treated larvae (after multiple exposures) survived after 24 hours (i.e., after 4<sup>th</sup> exposure. Lavae were observed to be tolerant to thiamethoxam as 66.67% survival was observed till emergence under similar conditions.Keywords
Apis mellifera, larvae, insecticides, pyrethroids, fenvalerate, λ-cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, survival, pollen, honey, toxicity, survival, emergence, brood, multiple exposerFull Text
References
- Abrol D P, Andotra R S. 2003. Relative toxicity of some insecticides to Apis mellifera L. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 6(2): 235-237.
- Bonmatin J M, Marchand P A, Charvet R, Moineau I, Bengsch E R, Colin M E. 2005. Quantification of imidacloprid uptake in maize crops. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53(13): 53365341.
- Decourtye A, Devillers J. 2010. Ecotoxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides to bees. Thany S H (ed.) Insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Springer, New York, NY. 85-95 pp.
- Elbert A, Haas M, Springer B, Thielert W, Nauen R. 2008. Applied aspects of neonicotinoid uses in crop protection. Pest Management Science 64(11): 1099-1105.
- EFSA. 2014. Towards an integrated environmental risk assessment of multiple stressors on bees: Review of research projects in Europe, knowledge gaps and recommendations. EFSA Journal 12(3): 3594.
- Fukuto T R. 1990. Mechanism of action of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. Environmental Health Perspectives 87: 245-254.
- Godfray H C J, Blacquiere T, Field L M, Hails R S, Petrokofsky G, Potts S G, Raine N E, Vanbergen A J, McLean A R. 2014. A restatement of the natural science evidence base concerning neonicotinoid insecticides and insect pollinators. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281(1786): 20140558.
- González-Varo J P, Biesmeijer J C, Bommarco R, Potts S G, Schweiger O, Smith H G, Steffan-Dewenter I, Szentgyörgyi H, Woyciechowski M, Vilà M. 2013. Combined effects of global change pressures on animal-mediated pollination. Trends Ecology and Evolution 28: 524-530.
- Goulson D. 2013. An overview of the environmental risks posed by neonicotinoid insecticides. Journal of Applied Ecology 50: 977-987.
- Iwasa T, Motoyama N, Ambrose J T, Roe R M. 2004. Mechanism for the differential toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Crop Protection 23(5): 371-378.
- Johnson R M, Ellis M D, Mullin C A, Frazier M. 2010. Pesticides and honey bee toxicity- USA. Apidologie 41: 312-331.
- Johnson R M, Wen Z, Schuler M A, Berenbaum M R. 2006. Mediation of pyrethroid insecticide toxicity to honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Journal of Economic Entomology 99(4): 1046-1050.
- Kievits J. 2007. Bee gone: colony collapse disorder. Pesticides News 76(6): 3-5.
- Klein A M, Vaissiere B E, Cane J H, Steffan-Dewenter I, Cunningham S A, Kremen C, Tscharntke T. 2007. Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274(1608): 303-313.
- Laurino D, Porporato M, Patetta A, Manino A. 2011. Toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides to honey bees laboratory tests. Bulletin of Insectology 64: 107-113.
- Marletto F, Patetta A, Manino A. 2003. Laboratory assessment of pesticide toxicity to bumblebees. Bulletin of Insectology 56(1): 155-158.
- Matsuda K, Buckingham S D, Kleier D, Rauh J J, Grauso M, Sattelle D B. 2001. Neonicotinoids: insecticides acting on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 22(11): 573-580.
- McGregor S E. 1976. Insect pollination of cultivated crop plants. Agriculture handbook No. 496. Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture Washington, DC.
- Narahashi T. 1962. Effect of the insecticide allethrin on membrane potentials of cockroach giant axons. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 59(1): 61-65.
- Nauen R, Ebbinghaus-Kintscher U, Salgado V L, Kaussmann M. 2003. Thiamethoxam is a neonicotinoid precursor converted to clothianidin in insects and plants. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 76(2): 55-69.
- Neumann P, Carreck N L. 2010. Honey bee colony losses. Journal of Apicultural Research 49: 1-6.
- OECD. 1998. Test No. 213: Honeybees, Acute Oral Toxicity Test. OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals, Section 2. OECD Publishing, Paris.
- Ollerton J, Winfree R, Tarrant S. 2011. How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals? Oikos 120: 321-326.
- Potts S G, Biesmeijer J C, Kremen C, Neumann P, Schweiger O, Kunin W E. 2010. Global pollinator declines: Trends, impacts and drivers. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 25(6): 345-353.
- Shah R, Al Maawali A S A, Al Raeesi A. 2020. Comparative toxicity of two neonicotinoids and a pyrethroid to forager honeybees (Apis mellifera L., 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) by different exposure methods. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi (Turkish Journal of Entomology) 44(1): 111-121.
- Tan J, Galligan J J, Hollingworth R M. 2007. Agonist actions of neonicotinoids on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed by cockroach neurons. Neurotoxicology 28(4): 829-842.
- Tautz J. 2008. The buzz about bees: Biology of a superorganism. SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg. pp 284.
- Tavares D A, Dussaubat C, Kretzschmar A, Carvalho S M, Silva-Zacarin E C, Malaspina O, Berail G, Brunet J, Belzunces L P. 2017. Exposure of larvae to thiamethoxam affects the survival and physiology of the honey bee at post-embryonic stages. Environmental Pollution 229: 386-393.
- Tavares D A, Roat T C, Carvalho S M, Silva-Zacarin E C M, Malaspina O. 2015. In vitro effects of thiamethoxam on larvae of Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Chemosphere 135: 370-378.
- Thany S H. 2011. Thiamethoxam, a poor agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed on isolated cell bodies, acts as a full agonist at cockroach cercal afferent/giant interneuron synapses. Neuropharmacology 60(4): 587-592.
- Van der Sluijs J P, Simon-Delso N, Goulson D, Maxim L, Bonmatin J M, Belzunces L P. 2013. Neonicotinoids, bee disorders and the sustainability of pollinator services. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 5: 293-305.
- VanEngelsdorp D, Hayes Jr J, Underwood R M, Pettis J. 2008. A survey of honey bee colony losses in the US, fall 2007 to spring 2008. PloS One 3(12): e4071.
- Yang E C, Chang H C, Wu W Y, Chen Y W. 2012. Impaired olfactory associative behavior of honey bee workers due to contamination of imidacloprid in the larval stage. PloS One 7(11): e49472.
- Irrigation Scheduling Based on Canopy Temperature and Soil Moisture Status
Abstract Views :47 |
PDF Views:31
Authors
Affiliations
1 Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 001, IN
1 Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 125, No 6 (2023), Pagination: 635-642Abstract
Issues of water availability and quality are major concerns under the climatic change scenarios. For sustainable agriculture, improved irrigation techniques can play a crucial role in the conservation of water and increase crop production. This article delineates the necessity of irrigation scheduling based on sound scientific principles. To effectively manage irrigation and crop water requirements, all irrigation scheduling methods should focus on a soil-plant-atmosphere approach.Keywords
Canopy Temperature, Irrigation Scheduling, Remote Sensing, Soil Moisture, Water Stress.Full Text
References
- https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water-in-agriculture (accessed on 15 March 2022).
- Jain, R., Kishore, P. and Singh, D. K., Irrigation in India: status, challenges, and options. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2019, 18(4), 354–363.
- Amarasinghe, U. A., Shah, T., Turral, H. and Anand, B. K., India’s water future to 2025–2050: business-as-usual scenario and deviations. IWMI Research Report 123, International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2007, p. 47.
- Jones, J. W., Irrigation scheduling: advantages and pitfalls of plant-based methods. J. Exp. Bot., 2004, 55(407), 2427–2436.
- Thompson, R. G., Gallardo, M. and Fernandez, M., Continuous soil moisture monitoring for irrigation scheduling of drip-irrigated vegetables grown in the greenhouse. In Proceedings of the VII Congress of the European Society of Agronomy (eds Villalobos, F. J. and Testi, L.), 2002, pp. 415–416.
- Idso, S. B., Jackson, R. D., Pinter, P. J. and Hatfield, J. L., Normalizing the stress degree day for environmental variability. Agric. Meteorol., 1981, 24, 45–55.
- Gu, Z., Qi, Z., Burghate, R., Yuan, S., Jiao, X. and Xu, J., Irrigation scheduling approaches and applications: a review. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 2020, 146(6), 04020007.
- Jackson, R. D., Idso, S. B., Reginato, R. J. and Pinter, P. J., Canopy temperature as crop water stress indicator. Water Resour. Res., 1981, 17(4), 1133–1138.
- Gonita, N. K. and Tiwari, K. N., Development of crop water stress index of wheat crop for scheduling irrigation using infrared thermometry. Agric. Water Manage., 2008, 95, 1144–1152.
- Han, M., Zhang, H., Dejonge, K. C., Comas, L. and Trout, T. J., Estimating Mazie waterstress by standard deviation of canopy temperature in thermal imagery. Agric. Water Manage., 2016, 177, 400–409.
- Padhi, J., Misra, R. K. and Payero, J. O., Estimation of soil water deficit in an irrigated cotton field with infrared thermometry. Field Crops Res., 2012, 126, 45–55.
- Wanjura, D. E., Upchurch, D. R. and Mahan, J. R., Behavior of temperature-based water stress indicators in BIOTIC-controlled irrigation. Irrig. Sci., 2006, 24, 223–232.
- Clawson, K. L. and Blad, B. L., Infrared thermometry for scheduling irrigation of corn. Agron. J., 1982, 74(2), 311–316.
- Viani, F., Experimental validation of a wireless system for the irrigation management in smart farming applications. Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., 2016, 58(9), 2186–2189.
- Hedley, C. and Yule, I., A method for spatial prediction of daily soil water status for precise irrigation scheduling. Agric. Water Manage., 2009, 96(12), 1737–1745.
- Migliaccio, K., Schaffer, W. B., Crane, J. H. and Davies, F. S., Plant response to evapotranspiration and soil water sensor irrigation scheduling methods for papaya production in South Florida. Agric. Water Manage., 2010, 97(10), 1452–1460.
- Evett, S. R., Schwartz, R. C., Mazahrih, N. T. H., Jitan, M. A. and Shaqir, I. M., Soil water sensors for irrigation scheduling: can they deliver a management allowed depletion? Acta Hortic., 2011, 888, 231–237.
- Berni, J. A., Zarco-Tejada, P. J., Suárez, L. and Fereres, E., Thermal and narrowband multispectral remote sensing for vegetation monitoring from an unmanned aerial vehicle. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 2009, 47, 722–738.
- Wang, X., Zhao, C., Guo, Ni., Li, Y., Jian, S. and Yu, K., Determining the canopy water stress for spring wheat using canopy hyperspectral reflectance data in Loess Plateau semi arid regions. Spectrosc. Lett., 2015, 48, 492–498.
- Zhao, T., Stark, B., Chen, Y., Ray, A. L. and Doll, D., A detailed field study of direct correlations between ground truth crop water stress and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from small unmanned aerial system (sUAS). In IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), Denver Marriott Tech Centre, Denver, Colorado, USA, 2015, pp. 520–525.
- Zarco-Tejada, P. J., González-Dugo, V. and Berni, J. A., Fluorescence, temperature and narrow-band indices acquired from a UAV platform for water stress detection using a micro hyperspectral imager and a thermal camera. Remote Sensing Environ., 2012, 117, 322–337.
- Berni, J., Zarco-Tejada, P., Sepulcre-Cantó, G., Fereres, E. and Villalobos, F., Mapping canopy conductance and CWSI in olive orchards using high resolution thermal remote sensing imagery. Remote Sensing Environ., 2009, 113, 2380–2388.
- Elston, J., Why unmanned aircraft for agriculture? ASABE Resour. Mag., 2016; http://bt.e-ditionsbyfry.com/publication/?i=316822.
- Campos, I., González-Piqueras, J., Carrara, A., Villodre, J. and Calera, A., Estimation of total available water in the soil layer by integrating actual evapotranspiration data in a remote sensing-driven soil water balance. J. Hydrol., 2016, 534, 427–439.
- Filion, R. et al., Remote sensing for mapping soil moisture and drainage potential in semi-arid regions: applications to the Campidano plain of Sardinia, Italy. Sci. Total Environ. Part B, 2016, 543, 862–876.
- Gago, J. et al., UAVs challenge to assess waterstress for sustainable agriculture. Agric. Water Manage., 2015, 153, 9–19.
- Panigada, C. et al., Fluorescence, PRI and canopy temperature for water stress detection in cereal crops. Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinf., 2014, 30, 167–178.
- Dangwal, N., Patel, N. R., Kumari, M. and Saha, S. K., Monitoring of water stress in wheat using multispectral indices derived from Landsat-TM. Geocarto Int., 2016, 31(6), 682–693.
- Pramanik, M., Garg, N. K., Tripathi, S. K., Singh, R. and Rajan, R., A new approach of canopy temperature-based irrigation scheduling of wheat in humid subtropical climate of India. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India, Sect. B, 2017, 87, 1261–1269.
- Kar, G. and Kumar, A., Energy balance and crop water stress in winter maize under phenology-based irrigation scheduling. Irrig. Sci., 2010, 28, 211–220.
- Alderfasi, A. A. and Nielsen, D. C., Use of crop water stress index for monitoring water status and scheduling irrigation in wheat. Agric. Water Manage., 2000, 27, 69–75.
- Erdem, T., Erdem, Y., Orta, A. H. and Okursoy, H., Use of a crop water stress index for scheduling the irrigation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Turk. J. Agric. For., 2006, 30, 11–20.
- O’Shaughnessy, S. A., Evett, S. R., Colaizzi, P. D. and Howell, T. A., Automatic irrigation scheduling of grain sorghum using a CSWI and time threshold. In Fifth National Decennial Irrigation CD-ROM Proceedings, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 5–8 December 2010.
- Bockhold, D. L., Thompson, A. L., Sudduth, K. A. and Henggeler, J. C., Irrigation scheduling based on crop canopy temperature for humid environment. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng., 2011, 54(6), 2021–2028.
- Ünlü, M., Kanber, R., Kapur, B., Tekin, S. and Koç, D. L., The crop water stress index (CSWI) for drip-irrigated cotton in a semi-arid region of Turkey. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2011, 10(12), 2258–2273.
- Candogan, B. N., Sincik, M., Buyukcangaz, H., Demirtas, C., Goksoy, A. T. and Yazgan, S., Yield, quality and crop water stress index relationships for deficit-irrigated soybean [Glycin max (L.) Merr.] in sub-humid climatic conditions. Agric. Water Manage., 2013, 118, 113–121.
- Ahmadi, H., Nasrolahi, A. H., Sharifipour, M. and Isvand, H. R., Determination of soybean water stress index (CSWI) for irrigation management for maximum yield and water productivity. J. Irrig. Water Eng., 2018, 8(32), 121–131.
- Khorsand, A., Rezaverdinejad, V., Asgarzadeh, H., Heris, A. M., Rahimi, A. and Besharat, S., Irrigation scheduling of black gram based on crop water stress index (CSWI) under drip irrigation. Iran. J. Soil Water Res., 2019, 50, 2125–2138.
- Irmak, S., Haman, D. Z. and Bastug, R., Determination of crop water stress index for irrigation timing and yield estimation of corn. Agron. J., 2000, 92(6), 1221–1227.
- Erdem, Y., Erdem, T., Orta, A. H. and Okursoy, H., Irrigation scheduling for watermelon with crop water stress index (CWSI). J. Central Eur. Agric., 2005, 6(4), 449–460.
- Kumar, N., Poddar, A., Shankar, V., Ojha, C. S. P. and Adeloye, A. J., Crop water stress index for scheduling irrigation of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) based on water use efficiency considerations. J. Agron. Crop Sci., 2020, 206(1), 148–159.
- Yuan, G., Luo, Y., Sun, X. and Tang, D., Evaluation of a crop water stress index for detecting water stress in winter wheat in the North China Plain. Agric. Water Manage., 2003, 64, 29–40.
- Kang, Y., Wang, F. X., Liu, H. J. and Yuan, B. Z., Potato evapo-transpiration and yield under different drip irrigation regimes. Irrig. Sci., 2004, 23, 133–143.
- Igbadun, H. E., Salim, B. A., Tarimo, A. K. P.R. and Mahoo, H. F., Effects of deficit irrigation scheduling on yield and soil water balance of irrigated maize. Irrig. Sci., 2008, 27, 11–23.
- Laghari, K. Q., Lashari, B. K. and Menon, H. M., Water use efficiency of cotton and wheat crop at various management allowed depletion in lower Indus basin. Mehran Univ. Res. J. Eng. Technol., 2010, 29(4), 661–672.
- Jha, S. K., Gao, Y., Liu, H., Huang, Z., Wang, G., Liang, Y. and Duan, A., Root development and water uptake in winter wheat under different irrigation methods and scheduling for North China. Agric. Water Manage., 2017, 182, 139–150.
- Muktar, B. Y. and Yigezu, T. T., Determination of optimal irrigation scheduling for maize (Zea mays) at Teppi, southwest of Ethiopia. Int. J. Res. Innov. Earth Sci., 2016, 3(5), 97–100.
- Ansari, R., Cheema, M. J. S., Liaqat, M. U., Ahmed, S. and Khan, H. I. U. K., Evaluation of irrigation scheduling techniques: a case study of wheat crop sown over permanent beds under semi-arid conditions. J. Agric. Plant Sci., 2019, 17(1), 9–21.
- Tunali, S. P., Gürbüz, T., Dağdelen, N. and Akçay, S., The effects of different irrigation scheduling approaches on seed yield and water use efficiencies of cotton. Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol., 2021, 9(8), 1530–1536.
- Bijanzadeh, E. and Emam, Y., Evaluation of crop water stress index, canopy temperature, and grain yield of five Iranian wheat cultivars under late-season drought stress. J. Plant Physiol. Breed., 2012, 2(1), 23–33.
- Kashyap, P. S. and Panda, R. K., Effect of irrigation scheduling on potato crop parameters under water stressed conditions. Agric. Water Manage., 2003, 59, 49–66.
- Amatya, S., Karkee, M., Alva, A. K., Larbi, P. and Adhikari, B., Hyperspectral imaging for detecting water stress in potatoes. In ASABE Annual Meeting, Texas, USA, 2012, Paper no. 12-1345197.
- Rossini, M. et al., Assessing canopy PRI from airborne imagery to map water stress in maize. Photogramm. Remote Sensing, 2013, 46, 168–177.
- Ihuoma, S. O. and Madramootoo, C. A., Crop reflectance indices for mapping water stressin greenhouse-grown bell pepper. Agric. Water Manage., 2019, 219, 49–58.