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Singh, Gurjit
- Optimal Tuning of PID Controllers for Generation Control of HVDC Link Interconnected Power System
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, IET Bhaddal, Ropar, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, IET Bhaddal, Ropar, Punjab, IN
Source
Research Cell: An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol 25 (2017), Pagination: 112-118Abstract
Interconnections of power systems enable taking advantage of diversity of loads, availability of sources and fuel price in order to supply electricity to the loads at minimum cost with a required reliability. But with interconnections, the power system becomes increasingly complex to operate and the system can become less secure for riding through the major outages. System frequency and system voltage profile matching is the main concern in an interconnected power system. With interconnections, variations in system frequency and voltage increase which may lead to large dynamic swings between different parts of the system. In this paper, the Automatic Generation Control of two interconnected control area power system, with parallel HVDC links for each control area, is modeled as a closed loop control system problem. A step input signal is applied to the closed loop control system to correlate the changes in system load during operation of the power system. The variations in system frequency and voltage are reduced with Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers. These controllers are very widely used for closed loop control systems; however, the tuning of these controllers is difficult. With proper selection of PID controller gains, the dynamic performance of the system is improved and with HVDC links for interconnection, the system stability and tie line deviations are maintained.Keywords
Automatic Generation Control, Automatic Voltage Regulation, HVDC Link, Load Frequency Control, Non-Reheat Turbines, PID Controller, Tie line Control.Full Text
References
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- S. Singh and J. Kaur, “Fuzzy Logic Based Optimal Generation Control of A Two Area Interconnected Power System with a Parallel HVDC Link,” Int. J. of Advance Engineering and Research Development, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 1-7, May 2014.
- Assessment of Body Coordination, Strength and Agility Using Bruininks- Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) in Overweight and Obese Children Aged 7-12 Years
Abstract Views :563 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Preeti Gazbare
1,
Shivani Deshmukh
1,
Tushar J. Palekar
1,
Neena Varghese
1,
Blessy Abraham
1,
Gurjit Singh
1,
Roopa Desai
1
Affiliations
1 Dr. D. Y Patil College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, IN
1 Dr. D. Y Patil College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal, Vol 14, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 185-189Abstract
Background - Childhood obesity is a major health problem in many developing countries, including India. As a result, overweight and obese children achieve fewer opportunities to develop proficient motor skills. Early assessment should be done to evaluate children having poor coordination problem and early intervention should be given to avoid risk of any neuromotor disturbances later. This study is done to find out the level of motor proficiency in terms of Body coordination, strength and agility in overweight and obese school going children aged 7-12 years using BOT-2 test.
Method: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted using BOT-2 long form. Purposive sampling of 54 overweight and obese children (32 males and 22 females) aged 7-12 years who met the inclusion criteria were taken for the study and assessed under 2 motor area composite of BOT -2. The study was conducted after the ethical clearance obtained by the institutional ethical committee. Each task was explained verbally and demonstrated to each student, to ensure proper understanding of the task.
Results: 54 children were assessed (59.2% males and 40.8% females) and standard score of the BOT -2 test was calculated which signifies the level of proficiency. For Body coordination component mean standard score of 45.07 and for strength and agility component it was 37.79.
Conclusion: This study concludes that according to Descriptive Category of BOT -2 test in Body coordination 33%, in Strength and agility 74% of overweight and obese children aged 7-12 years has motor deficits.
Keywords
Obesity, Body Coordination, Strength and Agility, BOT-2.
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