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Singh, Gurdarshan
- Role of Le Fort I Osteotomy in Orthosurgical Management of Maxillary Deformities in North Indian Population
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Dental surgery, BPS Govt. Medical College and Hospital for women, Khanpur kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, IN
2 Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
3 BPS Govt. Medical College and Hospital for women, Khanpur kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, IN
1 Department of Dental surgery, BPS Govt. Medical College and Hospital for women, Khanpur kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, IN
2 Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
3 BPS Govt. Medical College and Hospital for women, Khanpur kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, IN
Source
International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences, Vol 3, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 471-483Abstract
Background: Le Fort I osteotomy is one of the most commonly performed procedure, either alone or in conjunction with other orthognathic procedures for maxillary deformities.
Objective: The present prospective study pertains to definite diagnosis, orthosurgical planning with cephalometric predictions of dento-osseus deformities of maxilla and their correction by LeFort I osteotomy.
Material and Methods: Fourteen patients with skeletal deformity along with malocclusion which was too severe to be corrected orthodontically alone were selected. Parameters were selected on the basis of clinical findings, cephalometrically hard and soft tissue landmarks [COGS (Burstone and Legan) and Steiners analysis]. Parameters were observed and compared preoperatively prediction values, postoperatively and on follow-up.
Results: There were obvious improvement in various linear and angular readings of hard and soft tissues.In linear measurements,NANS ⊥ HP decreased from 57.62 ± 3.3 to 52.4 ± 2.9; ANS-Gn ⊥ HP decreased from 75.8 ± 8.1 to 69.3 ± 6.1; NA || HP reduced by approximately 5mm; N-Pg || HP decreased from -12.07 ± 9.6 to -3.78 ± 8.8 and PNS-N ⊥ HP decreased from 55.28 ± 5.08 to 58.07 ± 4.4. On analysis of angular hard tissue measurements, N-A-Pg angle decreased from 5.14 ± 5.75 to 4.17 ± 2.73 (superior repositioning of maxilla) and increased from 3.0 ± 1.4 to 4.5 ± 0.7 (inferior repositioning of maxilla);MP-HP angle, Ar-Go-Gn angle decreased following superior repositioning and increased following inferior repositioning of maxilla and SNA angle decreased from mean 80.8 to 79.5.
Conclusion: LeFort I osteotomy is really a workhouse of orthognathic surgery in which maxilla can be mobilized in vertical and saggital planes to correct various dento-osseous deformities.
Keywords
Lefort I Osteotomy, Orthosurgical Planning, Cephalometric Analysis, the Dento-Osseous Deformity.Full Text
References
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- Frontline Demonstartion-An Effective Tool for Enhancing Gram Productivity
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Horticulture, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
3 Department of Extension Education, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
4 Department of Soil Science, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Horticulture, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
3 Department of Extension Education, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
4 Department of Soil Science, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
Source
An Asian Journal of Soil Science, Vol 7, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 36-38Abstract
The present study was conducted across 20 villages in Muktsar district of South-Western Punjab with the objectives to study the difference between demonstrated package of practices viz-a-viz, practices followed by the local farmers in gram crop and the effect of FLDs on production performance of gram. The primary data were collected from the selected farmers with the help of interview schedule and interpreted and presented in terms of percentage, the qualitative data were converted into quantitative form and expressed in terms of per cent increased yield. Thus, a total sample size comprised of 45 respondents from 20 villages across Muktsar district wherein, FLDs were conducted by KVK Muktsar. Forty five frontline demonstrations were conducted by KVK Muktsar from the year 2005-06 to 2009-10. The results of the study revealed that the average yield of gram under FLD plots varied between 13.26 to 16.99 q/ha, whereas, under the farmers' practice, it varied between 11.66 to 15.65 q/ha. The FLD plots recorded 11.27 to 18.5 per cent increase in yield, with sole exception of year 2009-10, which recorded a decrease in per cent yield of 8.31 per cent in demonstrated plots over the farmers' practice. It was due to the fact that the performance of desi gram variety GPF-2 under the farmers' practice was better than Kabuli gram variety BG-1053 under demonstration due to its' better tolerance to high pH soils of Muktsar district. The increment in yield of gram crop under front line demonstrations was due to dissemination of improved and latest technology viz., HYV, recommended seed rate, fertilization and plant protection measure.Keywords
Frontline Demonstartion, Farmers’ Practice, HYV, Latest Technology.
- Chromatic Changes in the Broccoli Stored Under Modified Packaging
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol 12, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 223-233Abstract
Broccoli was stored under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at 15°C in perforated and non perforated low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) films packages having different head space and in un-sealed packages for a storage period of 10 days to evaluate the effect of modified atmospheres on chromatic changes. At the end of storage, MAP resulted in differential changes in the original green color of broccoli under different packaging treatments. Instead of conventional CIELAB color space system utilizing L*, a* and b* value, the chromatic changes were analyzed as per L*C*h* colour space system using lightness, chroma, and hue angle values to evaluate final hue (color) along with its associated attributes. On 10th day the result showed that LDPE retained better color than PP films. In non-perforated, the sample become anaerobic after 24 hr. Overall at the end of storage, perforated LDPE package having more head space controlled the colour change within human acceptable limits. In comparison, the unsealed packages turned orange yellow compared to MAP. Also the results of sensory evaluation and visual analysis confirmed the results obtained from L*C*h* color space diagram, and indicated that the modified atmosphere (6.0% O2 and 7.8% CO2) generated inside the LDPE perforated packages having 2 holes and 0.8 head space was suitable in maintaining the chromatic quality of the broccoli heads.Keywords
Broccoli, Storage, Modified Packaging, Perforated Films.References
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- Constraints in Adoption of Recommended Button Mushroom Cultivation Techniques
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bathinda (Punjab), IN
Source
Agriculture Update, Vol 12, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 351-356Abstract
Mushroom cultivation as a subsidiary occupation provides ample opportunities for sustaining rural livelihood. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot is actively involved in conducting training programmes on button mushroom cultivation. Main objective of training programmes on mushroom production is to promote mushroom production as a self employment venture which can ultimately improve the socio-economic condition of the poor. It has also been observed that some of the people trained at KVK, Faridkot have adopted mushroom cultivation while some have not. It was found worthwhile to study the major bottlenecks in adoption of mushroom cultivation as an enterprise. With this objective, the present study on constraints in adoption of recommended button mushroom cultivation techniques was carried out at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot from 2011-15. A total of 62 trainees trained by KVK Faridkot from Faridkot and Kotkapura blocks of district Faridkot were selected as respondents. The data revealed that issues related to price fixation (98 %) and lack of government support (93.6 %) along with non-availability of quality spawn in the local area (84.9 %), it’s untimely supply (79.4 %) and lengthy and cumbersome method of compost preparation for button mushroom (80.3 %) are the major bottlenecks in adoption of this venture: In order to find out the relationship between ranks accorded by groups of respondents to different categories of constraints, rank order correlation was calculated. It was found that category of marketing constraints (82.70%) was the top ranked category as perceived by the growers engaged in mushroom production. This was followed by input constraints (75.85 %), technological constraints (72.00 %), general constraints (64.46 %) socio-cultural constraints (62.47 %) and crop management constraints (55.9 %).Keywords
Constraints, Trainees, Training Programme, Button Mushroom.References
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- Seed Yield, Incidence of Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus and Economic Viability of Okra Seed Crop as Influenced by Staggered Sowing in South-Western Punjab
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 13, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 365-370Abstract
Investigations were carried out in South-western district of Punjab in Indo-Gangetic plain region during four consecutive years to work out the most suitable sowing time to achieve higher seed yield and comparatively less incidence of yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) in okra. The sowing of okra was staggered from May 1 to June 15 at fortnightly interval. The results revealed that seed yield differed significantly with different sowing dates. The highest seed yield was observed in crop sown on May 1, followed by crop sown on May 15 but further delay in sowing to June 15 through May 30 resulted in progressive and significant reduction in seed yield of okra. The higher seed yield under earlier sowing can be ascribed to less incidence of YVMV, which was higher under late sown conditions. The income per rupee investment of okra seed crop was found to be the maximum (5.31) when sown on May 1.Keywords
Okra, Sowing Dates, Seed Yield, YVMV.References
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- Effect of Front Line Demostrations on Enhancing Productivity of Mustard
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Soil Science, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Soil Science, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (P.A.U.), Muktsar (Punjab), IN
Source
An Asian Journal of Soil Science, Vol 6, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 230-233Abstract
The productivity of mustard in India is quite low owing to adoption gaps in recommended technologies and application of critical inputs. It is imperative to demonstrate high yielding mustard varieties with resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses to increase the overall production and productivity under close supervision of the scientists. KVK Muktsar conducted front line demonstrations on mustard during 2005-06, 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 to compare the yield levels of mustard under farmers’ practice and FLD fields and to collect feedback information for further improvement in research and extension programmes. The results obtained from five years data revealed that average yield of mustard varieties under FLDs was 14.33 q/ha as against 12.13 q/ha observed under farmer's practice, thereby recording an average yield increase of 17.87 per cent under FLDs as compared to farmers’ practices.Keywords
Front Line Demonstrations, Mustard, Productivity, Adoption Gaps.- Economic Analysis of Kitchen Gardens at Farmers’ Doorsteps
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
Source
International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Vol 8, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 299-304Abstract
Kitchen gardening plays an imperative role for rural families to recover diversified vegetables in their daily diet. KVK Faridkot demonstrated the kitchen gardening amongst 100 families of two villages namely Pindi Blochan and Bhagthala Kalan to analyze the economic impact of the alleged technology along with constraints faced by the growers. The demonstrations on kitchen gardening have paved the way for healthier, long, prosperous and biodegradable life of the rural folk. The results revealed that there was total income of Rs. 2316.20/- from Rabi vegetables and Rs. 2003.9/- from Kharif vegetables. The total vegetable income was Rs. 4320.10 from an area of 500 m2 in three months span. These vegetables were produced with minimal use of chemicals. However, there are certain bottlenecks in successful adoption of kitchen gardening. Overall analysis revealed that brackish irrigation water, high soil pH and EC, limited availability of seed in the form of vegetable kits, lack of awareness regarding varieties and management of insect-pest and diseases and limited knowledge regarding preparation of quality farm yard manure were amongst the serious constraints as perceived by the growers.Keywords
Kitchen Gardening, Economic Analysis, Constraints, Adoption.References
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- Field Evaluation of Productivity of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus) under Cluster Frontline Demonstrations in Faridkot District of South-Western Punjab
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Punjab Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
1 Punjab Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 16, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 227-231Abstract
One hundred fifty three front line demonstrations (FLDs) were conducted on farmers’ fields to demonstrate the effect of improved technologies on the productivity of canola type gobhi sarson var. GSC-7 using cluster approach in district Faridkot of Punjab during Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18. The productivity of gobhi sarson under demonstration plots ranged between 19.2 to 20.4 q and 19.9 to 20.8 q/ha, respectively, for year 2016-17 and 2017-18, whereas, under farmers’ practice, the productivity varied from 14.1 to 14.2 q and 16.6 to 17.1 q/ha for the respective years. The maximum value of extension gap to the tune of 5.10 q/ha was recorded in cluster IV followed by cluster III and V (4.75 q/ha), cluster II (4.65 q/ha) and the least was in cluster I (4.10 q/ha). The technology gap in the demonstration plots over potential yield was the lowest i.e. 1.80 q/ha in cluster IV, whereas, the highest technology gap was recorded in cluster I (2.70q/ha). The technology index was 8.09 per cent for cluster IV and the highest (12.13%) for cluster I while the mean technology index was 9.48 per cent. The value of net returns per ha under demonstration plots was Rs. 71594 and Rs. 72170, whereas, farmers’ practice gave net returns per ha of Rs. 40626 and Rs. 52626 for the year 2016- 17 and 2017-18, respectively. The benefit: Cost ratio varied between 3.76 to 4.05 for 2016-17 and 3.73 to 4.04 for 2017-18 under demonstration plots while the value of same under farmers’ practice varied between 2.46 to 2.55 and 2.80 to 2.93, respectively, for year 2016-17 and 2017-18.Keywords
Front Line Demonstration, Canola Gobhi Sarson, Economic Evaluation.References
- Anonymous (2015). Department of agriculture and cooperation, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and farmer welfare, GOI.
- Anuj, K. Singh, K.C. Singh, Y.P. and Singh, D.K. (2014). Impact of frontline demonstration on adoption of improved practices of oilseed crops. Indian Res. J. Extn. Edu., 14 (3):75-77.
- Balai, C.M., Meena, R.P., Meena, B.L. and Bairwa, R.K. (2012). Impact of front line demonstration on rapeseed-mustard yield improvement. Indian Res. J. Extn. Edu., 12(2): 115.
- Chaudhary, B.N. (1999). Krishi Vigyan Kendra-Guide for KVK managers. Publication, Division of Agril. Extn., ICAR, 73-78pp.
- Choudhary, A.K., Yadav, D.S. and Singh, A. (2009). Technological extension yield gaps in oilseeds in Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 37 (3): 224-229.
- Hiremath, S.M. and Nagaraju, M.V. (2010). Evaluation of on farm front line demonstrations on the yield of chilli. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 23 (2) : 341-342.
- Imoloame, E.O., Gworgwor, N.A. and Joshua, S.D. (2007). Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) weed infestation, yield and yield components as influenced by sowing method and seed rate in a Sudan Savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria. African J.Agric. Res., 2 (10) : 528-533.
- Jeengar, K.L., Panwar, P. and Pareek, O.P. (2006). Front line demonstration on maize in Bhilwara district of Rajsthan. Curr.Agric., 30 (1/2) : 115-116.
- Kapila, Shekhawat, Rathore, S. S., Premi, O. P., Kandpal, B.K. and Chauhan, J.S. (2012). Advances in agronomic management of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. Cosson] : An overview. Internat. J. Agronomy, 2012 : 1-14 .
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- Samui, S.K., Maitra, S., Roy, D.K., Mandal, A.K. and Saha, D. (2000). Evaluation of front line demonstration on groundnut. J. Indian Soc. Coastal Agric. Res., 18: 180-183.
- Economic Evaluation of Cluster Front Line Demonstrations on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Faridkot District of South Western Punjab
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Punjab Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
1 Punjab Agricultural University, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Faridkot (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 16, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 254-259Abstract
A study was conducted in South Western Punjab (India) during 2016-18 to assess the economic performance of clusterwise front line demonstration on chickpea (var PBG-7). One hundred ninety five front line demonstrations (FLDs) were conducted at farmers’ fields to demonstrate the effect of improved technologies on the productivity of chickpea using cluster village approach in Faridkot district of Punjab duringRabi 2016-17 and 2017-18. The productivity of chickpea under demonstration plots ranged between 11.9 to 13.2 q and 12.2 to 14.1 q/ha during year 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively, whereas, under farmers’ practice the productivity varied from 9.5 to 10.7 q and 9.0 to 11.2 q/ha for respective years. The extension gap in the demonstration plots over potential yield was the lowest i.e., 1.8 q/ha in cluster I, whereas, the highest extension gap was recorded in cluster II (3.35q/ha) while the average extension gap over all the clusters was 2.57q/ha. The highest value of technology gap of 7.95 q/ha was recorded in cluster I, however, the least value was recorded in cluster IV (6.35) with the average technology gap of 7.10 q/ha over all the clusters. The technology index (%) was 31.75 for cluster IV, 33.50 for V, 35.5 for III, 37.0 for II and the highest, 39.75 per cent for cluster I, while, the mean technology index was 35.5 per cent. The value of net returns per ha under demonstration plots was Rs. 23550 and Rs. 26310, whereas, farmers practice gave net returns of Rs.14110 and Rs.14180 per ha, respectively, for the years 2016-17 and 2017-18. The benefit : cost ratio ranged from 1.80 to 2.00 for 2016-17 and 1.81 to 2.10 for 2017-18 under demonstration plots while the value of same varied between 1.42 to 1.59 and 1.31 to 1.63 under farmers’ practice for year 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.Keywords
Cluster Front Line Demonstrations, Chickpea, Productivity, Economic Evaluation.References
- Balai, C.M., Meena, R.P., Meena, B.L. and Biarwa, R.K. (2012). Impact of front line demonstrations on rapeseed and mustard yield improvement. Indian Res. J. Extn. Edu., 12(2) :113-116.
- Balai, Kuldeep, Jajoria, M., Verma, R., Deewan, P. and Bairwa, S.K. (2017). Nutrient content, uptake, quality of chickpea and fertility status of soil as influenced by fertilization of phosphorus and zinc. J. Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, 6 (1) : 392-398.
- Choudhary, A.K.,Yadav, D.S. and Singh, Amar (2009). Technological and extension yield gaps in oil seeds in Mandi districtof Himachal Pradesh. Indian J. Soil Cons., 37(3):224-229.
- Choudhary, B.N. (1999). Krishi Vigyan Kendra– A guide for KVK managers. Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR, New Delhi, India, pp. 73-78.
- Dhakad, S.S., Asati, K.P., Chouhan, S.S., Badaya, A.K., Kirar, K.S. and Ambawatia, G.R. (2018). Impact of front line demonstration on the yield and economics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in tribal area of Madhya Pradesh, India. Internat. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci.,7(5): 3662-3666.
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- Hiremath, S.M. and Nagaraju, M.V. (2010).Evaluation of onfarm front line demonstrations on the yield of chilli. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 23 (2): 341-342.
- Jeengar, K.L., Panwar, P. and Pareek, O.P. (2006). Front line demonstration on maize in Bhilwara district of Rajsthan. Curr. Agric., 30 (1/2):115-116.
- Khaitov, Botir, Akhmad, Kurbonov, Anvar, Abdiev and Maksud, Adilov (2016). Effect of chickpea in association with Rhizobium to crop productivity and soil fertility. Eurasian J. Soil Sci., 5 (2) : 105 - 112.
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- Mokidue, I., Mohanty, A.K. and Sanjay, K. (2011).Correlating growth, yield and adoption of urd bean technologies. Indian J. Extn. Edu., 11 (2): 20-24.
- Poonia, T.C. and Pithia, M.S. (2011). Impact of front line demonstrations of chickpea in Gujarat. Legume Res., 34(4): 304-307.
- Raj, A.D., Yadav, V. and Rathod, J.H. (2013). Impact of front line demonstration (FLD) on the yield of pulses. Internat. J. Scient. & Res. Public., 3 (9):1-4.
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- Samui, S.K., Maitra, S., Roy, D.K., Mondal, A.K. and Saha, D. (2000). Evaluation of front line demonstration on groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.). J. Indian Soc. Coastal Agric. Res., 18: 180-183.
- Singh, A.K., Manibhushan, Bhatt B.P., Singh, K.M. and Upadjaya, A. (2013). An analysis of oil seeds and Pulses scenario in Eastern India during 2050-51. J. Agril Sci., 5 (1) : 241-249.
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