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Ramaswami, Geetha
- Addressing the Management of a Long-established Invasive Shrub: the Case of Lantana Camara in Indian Forests
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, IN
2 CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences – Atherton, Maunds Road, Atherton QLD 4883, Australia, IN
3 Rajaji National Park, Uttarakhand Forest Department, IN
1 Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, IN
2 CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences – Atherton, Maunds Road, Atherton QLD 4883, Australia, IN
3 Rajaji National Park, Uttarakhand Forest Department, IN
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 140, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 129-136Abstract
Since its introduction in India 200 years ago, Lantana camara (Lantana) has become established and naturalised across a wide range of habitats. In Indian protected areas, lantana has been predominately managed using a range of mechanical removal approaches, costing up to 6000 per hectare. However, managed sites are rapidly recolonized by lantana and management programmes rarely achieve their goal of lantana eradication. In present study, we quantified recolonisation of lantana at sites that were either managed only once or for two consecutive years in Rajaji National Park, Uttarakhand. Rapid recolonisation and recruitment is occuring from seed dispersal from surrounding lantana populations, soil seed banks and vegetative regeneration. To manage lantana effectively we need to consider these ecological processes. An alternate management programme is recommended for long-established invasive plants such as lantana, that focuses on (a) prioritizing critical habitats that require management of invasive species (b) long-term monitoring and management scaled to timeframes of ecological processes, i.e., lantana dispersal and soil seed banks, and (c) phased enlargement of managed sites such that over time, high-priority habitats can be isolated from dispersal originating from surrounding lantana source populations.Keywords
Dispersal, Invasive Species Management, Lantana Camara, Rajaji National Park, Regeneration.
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- Focal Plant and Neighbourhood Fruit Crop Size Effects on Fruit Removal by Frugivores in a Semi-Arid Landscape Invaded by Lantana camara L.
Abstract Views :233 |
Authors
Affiliations
1 Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysuru - 570 002, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun - 248 002, IN
1 Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysuru - 570 002, IN
2 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun - 248 002, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 405-411Abstract
Mutualistic associations between frugivorous vertebrates and fleshy-fruited plants result in seed dispersal, a vital ecological process affecting plant populations and communities. Invasive fleshy-fruited plants can easily integrate into existing mutualistic networks if generalist frugivorous species start consuming invasive fruit. Additionally, the presence of a copiously fruiting invasive plant in the neighbourhood of fruiting native plants could affect the fruit removal from such plants by either reducing (competitive interaction), increasing (facilitative interaction) or not affecting (no interaction) visits by frugivorous vertebrates. In this study, we explore the effects of the presence of a fruiting invasive shrub Lantana camara L. in the neighbourhood of fruiting native species Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb. and Flueggea leucopyrus Willd. on the visit and fruit removal rate by avian frugivores in a semi-arid bird preserve in southern India. We conducted plant watches within fruiting patches of 30 m radius and observed the identity, numbers and fruit-handling behaviour by avian frugivores on focal native plants. We found that, on average, for the same fruit crop size, E. monogynum received more visits and more fruit removal than F. leucopyrus irrespective of the presence of fruiting neighbours. Focal tree fruit crop size was a better predictor of frugivore behaviour than the fruit crop size of neighbouring plants (both native and invasive) and was positively associated with frugivore visit rate and fruit removal from focal plants. We infer that there is little evidence for facilitation or competition by invasive neighbours for the dispersal services of vertebrate mutualists at the spatial and temporal scale examined in this study. Longer-term, larger-scale data are required to assess the changing impacts of invasive plants on native plant–frugivore interactions.Keywords
Fruiting Neighbourhood, Invasive Plant, Lantana camara, Plant-Frugivore Association, Semi-Arid Landscape.Full Text
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- Using Citizen Science to Build Baseline Data on Tropical Tree Phenology
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, ‘Amritha’, 12th Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570 017, India, IN
2 Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, ‘Amritha’, 12th Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570 017, India, IN
1 Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, ‘Amritha’, 12th Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570 017, India, IN
2 Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, ‘Amritha’, 12th Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570 017, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 121, No 11 (2021), Pagination: 1409-1416Abstract
Large-scale and long-term baselines on climate-sensitive phenology of widespread tree species are lacking in the Indian subcontinent. Citizen scientists can help bridge this information gap by contributing simple, technology-based data. Here we describe an India-wide initiative called SeasonWatch, with preliminary insights into contributor behaviour and species phenology. Between 2011 and 2019, cumulative contributor numbers have increased every year, although consistent contribution remains constant and low. We describe seasonal and spatial phenological patterns in most-observed species based on repeated monitoring and one-time ‘bioblitz’ events. We study in detail the flowering phenology of one particular species, Cassia fistula, which appears to show aberrant phenology, reflecting a potential shift away from culturally known flowering dates. We conclude that citizen science-contributed information can be a valuable reference database to compare future changes in tree phenologyKeywords
Baseline Data, Citizen Science, Climate Change, Seasonality, Tree Phenology.Full Text
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