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- M. Shanmugam
- S. V. Vadawale
- Arpit R. Patel
- Hitesh Kumar Adalaja
- N. P. S. Mithun
- Tinkal Ladiya
- Shiv Kumar Goyal
- Neeraj K. Tiwari
- Nishant Singh
- Sushil Kumar
- Deepak Kumar Painkra
- Y. B. Acharya
- Anil Bhardwaj
- A. K. Hait
- A. Patinge
- Abinandhan Kapoor
- H. N. Suresh Kumar
- Neeraj Satya
- Kalpana Arvind
- J. John
- V. Thamarai
- M. M. Mehra
- Teena Choudhary
- M. S. Giridhar
- Ashwini Jambhalikar
- Gogulapati Supriya
- K. V. Shila
- B. Ramesh
- T. K. Pratheek
- Deepak Kumar Sharma
- R. Islam
- P. Selvaraj
- A. Kalpana
- S. Ajith Kumar
- K. V. Sriram
- A. S. Laxmiprasad
Journals
Year
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Saxena, Gaurav
- Solar X-ray Monitor Onboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter
Abstract Views :452 |
PDF Views:203
Authors
M. Shanmugam
1,
S. V. Vadawale
1,
Arpit R. Patel
1,
Hitesh Kumar Adalaja
1,
N. P. S. Mithun
1,
Tinkal Ladiya
1,
Shiv Kumar Goyal
1,
Neeraj K. Tiwari
1,
Nishant Singh
1,
Sushil Kumar
1,
Deepak Kumar Painkra
1,
Y. B. Acharya
1,
Anil Bhardwaj
1,
A. K. Hait
2,
A. Patinge
2,
Abinandhan Kapoor
3,
H. N. Suresh Kumar
3,
Neeraj Satya
3,
Gaurav Saxena
4,
Kalpana Arvind
4
Affiliations
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru 560 017, IN
4 Laboratory for Electro Optics Systems, Bengaluru 560 058, IN
1 Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru 560 017, IN
4 Laboratory for Electro Optics Systems, Bengaluru 560 058, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 45-52Abstract
Solar X-ray Monitor (XSM) is one of the scientific instruments onboard Chandrayaan-2 orbiter. The XSM along with instrument CLASS (Chandra’s Large Area soft X-ray Spectrometer) comprise the remote X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy experiment of Chandrayaan- 2 mission with an objective to determine the elemental composition of the lunar surface on a global scale. XSM instrument will measure the solar X-rays in the energy range of 1–15 keV using state-of-the-art silicon drift detector. The flight model of the XSM payload has been designed, realized and characterized for various operating parameters. XSM provides energy resolution of ~180 eV at 5.9 keV with high time cadence of one second. The X-ray spectra of the Sun observed with XSM will also contribute to the study of solar corona. The detailed description and the performance characteristics of the XSM instrument are presented in this article.Keywords
Lunar X-Rays, Silicon Drift Detector, Solar X-Rays, X-Ray Spectrometer.References
- Bhardwaj, A. et al., X-rays from solar system objects. Planet. Space Sci., 2007, 55(9), 1135–1189.
- Bhardwaj, A., Lisse, C. M. and Dennerl, K., X-rays in the solar system. Chapter 48. In Encyclopedia of the Solar System (eds Tilman Spohn, Doris Breuer and Torrence Johnson), Elsevier Press, 2014, 3rd edn, pp. 1019–1045.
- Crawford, I. A. et al., The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India’s Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon. Planet. Space Sci., 2009, 57(7), 725–734.
- Nittler, L. R. et al., The major-element composition of Mercury’s surface from MESSENGER X-ray spectrometry. Science, 2011, 333(6051), 1847–1850.
- Weider, S. Z. et al., Chemical heterogeneity on Mercury’s surface revealed by the MESSENGER X-Ray spectrometer. J. Geophys. Res., 2012, 117, E00L05.
- Narendranath, S. et al., Lunar X-ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray spectrometer (C1XS): results from the nearside southern highlands. Icarus, 2011, 214(1), 53–66.
- Grande, M., The D-CIXS X-ray spectrometer on ESA’s SMART-1 mission to the Moon. Earth Moon Planets, 2001, 85, 143–152.
- Ogawa, K., Okada, T., Shirai, K. and Kato, M., Numerical estimation of lunar X-ray emission for X-ray spectrometer onboard SELENE. Earth Planets Space, 2008, 60, 283–292.
- Grande, M. et al., The Chandrayaan-1 X-ray spectrometer. Curr. Sci., 2009, 96(4), 517–519.
- Narendranath, S. et al., Mapping lunar surface chemistry: new prospects with the Chandrayaan-2 large area soft X-ray spectrometer (CLASS). Adv. Space Res., 2014, 54(10), 1993–1999.
- Vadawale, S. V. et al., Solar X-ray monitor (XSM) onboard Chandrayaan-2 orbiter. Adv. Space Res., 2014, 54(10), 2021–2028.
- Golub, L. and Pasachoff, J. M., The Solar Corona, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010.
- Rieder, R. et al., The new Athena alpha particle X-ray spectrometer for the Mars Exploration Rovers. J. Geophys. Res., 2003, 108, 8066.
- Gellert, R. et al., The Alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover mission. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abstract no 2364, 2009.
- Moore, C. S. et al., The Instruments and capabilities of the miniature X-ray solar spectrometer (MinXSS) Cubesats. Solar Physics, 2018, 293, 21.
- Gendreau, K. C. et al., The neutron star interior composition exploreR (NICER): design and development. Proc SPIE 9905, 2016.
- Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity Studies on Chandrayaan-2 Lander
Abstract Views :3386 |
PDF Views:239
Authors
J. John
1,
V. Thamarai
1,
M. M. Mehra
1,
Teena Choudhary
1,
M. S. Giridhar
1,
Ashwini Jambhalikar
1,
Gogulapati Supriya
1,
Gaurav Saxena
1,
K. V. Shila
1,
B. Ramesh
1,
T. K. Pratheek
1,
Deepak Kumar Sharma
1,
R. Islam
1,
P. Selvaraj
1,
A. Kalpana
1,
S. Ajith Kumar
1,
K. V. Sriram
1,
A. S. Laxmiprasad
1
Affiliations
1 Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems, Indian Space Research Organisation, Peenya 1st Stage, 1st Cross, Bengaluru 560 058, IN
1 Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems, Indian Space Research Organisation, Peenya 1st Stage, 1st Cross, Bengaluru 560 058, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 3 (2020), Pagination: 376-382Abstract
Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity Studies (ILSA) is a science payload with the objective of studying seismic activities at the landing site of Vikram, the Lander of Chandrayaan-2. ILSA will be deployed to the lunar surface by a specially built mechanism. It is an indigenously developed instrument based on microelectro mechanical systems technology. High sensitivity silicon micro-machined accelerometer is the heart of the instrument that measures ground acceleration due to lunar quakes. The instrument has the capability of resolving acceleration better than 100 nano-g Hz–1/2 up to a range of 0.5 g over bandwidth of 40 Hz. This paper presents the basic concepts in the design, realization, characterization and the performance test results of the space qualified strong motion seismic sensors.Keywords
Lunar Quakes, MEMS, Seismometer, Strong Motion Sensors.References
- Bulow, R. C. et al., New events discovered in the Apollo lunar seismic data. J. Geophys. Res., 2005, 110, E10003.
- Yamada, R., The description of Apollo seismic experiments; www.darts.isas.jaxa.jp/planet.seismology.
- Watters, T. R. et al., Shallow seismic activity and young thrust faults on the Moon. Nature Geosci., 2019, 12, 411–417; https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-019-0362-2.pdf
- Lognonne, P. et al., SEIS: insight’s seismic experiment for internal structure of mars. Space Sci. Rev., 2019, 215, 12; https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11214-018-0574-6
- Measuring seismic activity on Venus: a real challenge; https://www.seis-insight.eu/en/public-2/planetary-seismology/venus
- Hunter, G. et al., Development of a high temperature Venus seismometer and extreme environment testing chamber. International Workshop on Instrumentation for Planetary Missions, 2012.
- Havskov, J. and Alguacil, G., Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology, Springer, June 2002; doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21314-9, ISBN 1402029683.
- Kumar, S., Design and Fabrication of Micromcahined Silicon Suspensions, Ph D thesis, Imperial College, London, 2007.
- Kempe, V., Inertial MEMS Principles and Practice, Cambridge University Press.
- Kulah, H. et al., Noise analysis and characterization of a sigmadelta capacitive microaccelerometer. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 2006, 41(2), 352–361.
- John, J. et al., Design and fabrication of silicon micro structure for seismometer, ISSS International Conference on Smart Materials, Structures and Systems, Bengaluru, 2014.
- IEEE standard specification format guide and test procedure for linear single axis nongyroscopic accelerometers IEEE Std 1293, 1998 (R2008).