Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Leena Sankari ¹, F. Ryhanath Gulshan ², Sudha Jimson ³, K. M. K. Masthan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Professor, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education (BIHER) Chennai, IN
2 Post Graduate Student, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education (BIHER) Chennai, IN
3 Reader, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education (BIHER) Chennai, IN
4 Professor and Head of the Dept., Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharat Institute of Higher Education (BIHER) Chennai, IN

Abstract

Human mouth consists of diverse micro-organisms which includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoan. Oral microbiome is unique because of the constant contact of oral cavity with the external environment. Diets, Temperature, pH of saliva are important factors that contribute to the establishment of oral microbiome. The oral microbiome is imperative to health as it causes both oral and systemic diseases. A dysbiotic microflora influences the development of oral diseases like dental caries, periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis). Promoting a balanced microbiome is the key to maintain or reestablish oral health. Technological advances Iin the recent times have started to unwind the mysteries and complexities of the oral microbiome helping us to gain insights into its role in health and disease states.

Keywords

Microbiome, Microorganism, Disease, Health.

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F. Ryhanath Gulshan ¹, N. Aravindha Babu ², Jayasri Krupaa ³, K. M. K. Masthan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
3 Reader, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
4 Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN

Abstract

Conventional tissue fixation and processing is as old as 100 years and still remains the gold standard in which all new technologies and methods are need to be assessed. Tissue processing is one of the important steps for obtaining good thin sections without artifacts. Though conventional tissue-processing methods are most commonly followed, they are well-known as very laborious and tedious procedures. Microwaves is a form of electromagnetic wave-induced heat, when applied in histotechnology, reproducibly yields histolologic material of similar or superior quality than conventional processing methods, making it popular in the recent years. Microwave irradiation of tissue during fixation and subsequent histochemical staining procedures significantly reduces the time required for incubation in fixation and staining solutions.

Keywords

Tissue Processing, Microwave, Staining.

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