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P. Navaneethakrishnan ¹, D. Vasudevan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, IN
2 PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, IN

Abstract

Transport vehicles greatly pollute the environment through emissions such as CO, CO₂, NO_X, SO_X, unburnt or partially burnt HC and particulate emissions. Fossil fuels are the chief contributors to urban air pollution and major source of Green House Gases (GHGs) and considered to be the prime cause behind the global climate change. Though diesel fuelled compression ignition engine can operate at high thermal efficiency creates more emission of HC and CO, the high level of NO_X poses problems. The high combustion temperature and lean mixtures used are the reasons. This paper presents the results of performance and emission analyses carried out in an unmodified diesel engine fuelled with Tamanu Methyl Ester (TME), DiEthyl Ether (DEE) its blends with diesel. Engine tests have been conducted to get the comparative measures of Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and emissions such as HC, CO, NO_X and Exhaust gas temperature to evaluate the behaviour of TME, DEE and diesel in varying proportions. The results reveal that blends of TME, DEE with diesel up to 20% and 20% by volume provide better engine performance (BSFC and BTE) increased up to 3-4% and the exhaust emission gets decreased dramatically.

Keywords

C.I. Engine, Diethyl Ether, Exhaust Emission, Performance.

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P. Navaneethakrishnan ¹, D. Vasudevan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Tiruchirappalli, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSNA College of Engineering & Technology, Dindigul, IN

Abstract

Transport vehicles greatly pollute the environment through emissions such as CO, CO₂, NO_X, SO_X, unburnt or partially burnt HC and particulate emissions. Fossil fuels are the chief contributors to urban air pollution and major source of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) andconsidered to be the prime cause behind the global climate change. Though diesel fuelled compression ignition engine can operate at high thermal efficiency creates more emission of HC and CO, the high level of NO_X poses problems. The high combustion temperature and lean mixtures used are the reasons. This paper presents the results of performance and emission analyses carried out in an unmodified diesel engine fuelled with Tamanu Methyl Ester (TME), Diethyl Ether (DEE) its blends with diesel. Engine tests have been conducted toget the comparative measures of Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Brake ThermalEfficiency (BTE) and emissions such as HC, CO, NO_X and Exhaust gas temperature toevaluate the behaviour of TME, DEE and diesel in varying proportions. The results reveal that blends of TME, DEE with diesel up to 20% and 20% by volume provide better engine performance (BSFC and BTE) increased up to 3-4% and the exhaust emission gets decreased dramatically.

Keywords

C.I. Engine, Diethyl Ether, Exhaust Emission, Performance, TME.

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D. Vasudevan ¹, T. M. Rao ¹, C. Kota Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

About 80 km north-north-west of Nellore, in the northern portion of the Nellore schist belt (referable to the Dharwar and older metamorphics) linear bands of rock of considerable strike length made up of Calcite, dolomite, siderite, with concentrations of baryte and phlogopite, Occur as conformable sheets within a cogenetic volcanic sequence of intermediate to acid rocks. The volcanic sequence into which the carbonatites are emplaced is part of a group of rocks, locally called the Udayagiri group.

The Carbonatites occurring here can be classified essentially into two groups: (1) Fine grained siderite-rich rock exhibiting flow banding, vugs and other features suggestive of flow. This variety is rich in baryte and euhedral phlogopite plates; (2) Sheets of carbonate rich rock emplaced in conformity with the litho-layering trends of the enclosing meta-volcanics. These are medium to coarse grained, deep brownish rocks made up of siderite, clacite, dolomite, baryte and soda-amphibole, with magnetite and apatite in lesser amounts. Also found are micro-layers of a green mineral which has a characteristic fluorescence, and is strongly suspected to be a cerium-lanthanum rare earth mineral. The first type is seen about 1 km ssw of Bandakindipalli (14°52'30": 79°44') while the second is near Kodandarama baryte mine at 4.5 km wsw of Vinjamur (14°50': 79°35').

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D. Vasudevan ¹

Affiliations
1 86, II Cross, III Phase, J. P. Nagar Bangalore 560078, IN

Abstract

A unique 3 b.y. old banded barytic rock formation has been described in intimate association with meta-rhyolitic tuff. The barytic rock is made up of barytes, magnetite, quartz, garnet, tourmaline, epidote, psilomelane and occasionally tremolire and calcite. It is stratiform, being conformable in disposition to the meta-rhyolitic rock with which it is co-folded.

Associated with the stratiform barytes deposits are hematite-quartz bands (tetsukeii in Japanese literature), the presence of which within a volcano-sedimentary sequence marks a horizon of fossil hydrothermal activity and is indicative of the presence of sulphides lower in the stratigraphic column.

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S. Manikandan ¹, S. Ramanathan ², S. Krishnamohan ³, D. Vasudevan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608002, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, E.G.S Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam-611002, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Titanium is recognized for its strategic importance as a unique lightweight, high strength alloyed structurally efficient metal for critical, high-performance aircraft, such as jet engine and airframe components. Titanium is called as the "space age metal" and is recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio. Today, titanium alloys are common, readily available engineered metals that compete directly with stainless and Specialty steels, copper alloys, nickel based alloys and composites. Titanium alloys are needed to be heat treated in order to reduce residual stress developed during fabrication and to increase the strength. Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy is an alpha beta alloy which is subjected to annealing and solution treatment to attain beta phase. This beta phase is maintained by quenching and subsequent aging to increase strength. Thermal cycling process was carried out for heat treated Ti-6Al-4V specimens. Forced air used for cooling. This paper reports on the investigation of tensile behaviour of different Heat treated and thermal cycled Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) alloy and the micro structural changes.

Keywords

Thermal Cycling, Heat Treatment, Solutionizing, Aging, Tensile Strength.

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D. Vasudevan ¹, P. Balashanmugam ²

Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology,Tiruchengode-637 215, IN
2 Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The environmental pollution is increased due to the emission from the automobile vehicles and it is uncontrollable due to the increase in the number of vehicles on the road. So, our aim is to reduce and control the emission and noise from the engine using aqua silencer. The reason why we go for aqua silencer is, in today life the air pollution causes physical ill effects to the human beings and also the environment. The main contribution of the air pollution is automobiles releasing the gases like carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons etc. In order to avoid this type of gases by introducing this aqua silencer. An Aqua Silencer is mainly dealing with control of emission and noise in automobile exhaust. Activated by using charcoal, perforated tube and outer shell it is constructed. An aqua silencer is fitted to the exhaust pipe of the engine. The activated charcoal filters the harmful sulphur and nitrous content produced from the engine. The sound produced under water is less bearable than it produced in the atmosphere. This mainly because of small sprockets in water molecules, which lowers its amplitude thus, lowers the sound level. Because of this property water is used in this silencer and hence its name AQUA SILENCER. It is tested in single cylinder 4- stroke diesel engine the noise and smoke level is considerable less than the conventional silencer. So absorb the gases from the engine and release much less position in the environment. The noise and smoke level is considerable less than the conventional silencer, no need of catalytic converter and easy to install.

Keywords

Automobile Exhaust, Diesel Engine, Silencer, Charcoal Layer, Non-Return Valve.

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