- Owais Bashir
- Neeraj Kumar
- P. K. Varshney
- Gaurav Jain
- Surender K. Gupta
- Santosh Tharwani
- R. M. Singh
- K. V. R. Rao
- Santosh Kumar
- K. A. Pathak
- K. Kishore
- R. Shukla
- S. S. Solankey
- R. K. Dwivedi
- Akhilesh Tripathi
- R. K. Pal
- Archana Sahu
- H. K. Baruah
- M. Islam
- M. O. Siddiqui
- S. K. Murti
- S. K. Singh
- Sujeet Kumar
- Amit Chauhan
- P. K. Pusalkar
- P. Lakshminarasimhan
- Surendra Singh
- Sarnam Singh
- P. S. Roy
- M. B. Chandrashekhar
- B. P. Uniyal
- P. K. Joshi
- S. K. Srivastava
- Sudipa Das
- Monalisa Dey
- Devendra Singh
- Prashant K. Pusalkar
- Shuvadeep Majumdar
- S. Das
- Prakash K. Pusalkar
- Yogesh Prasad Rajbhar
- Manmohan Singh
- Anil Kumar
- Gopal Singh
- Abhimanyu Singh
- Siddhartha Singh Deo
- G. T. Patle
- A. Sarangi
- S. C. Gupta Dutta
- Sudha Singh
- R. K. Kulkarni
- S. Meher
- J. M. Nair
- P. K. Ghosh
- M. Breazu
- L. Issler
- Siddharth Choudhary
- Ashish Jacob
- Ayush Trivedi
- Bhagat Singh
- Mukesh Kumar
- Ram Singh Umrao
- A. Gupta
- Sandhir Kumar Singh
- P. Mahto
- Shio Kumar Singh
- M. P. Singh
- A. T. Dandekar
- A. K. Singh
- K. K. Singh
- H. S. Negi
- A. V. Kulkarni
- H. S. Gusain
- A. Ganju
- K. Babu Govindha Raj
- J. B. Kambale
- Santosh S. Mali
- S. S. Parihar
- V. D. Mishra
- R. Sarma
- S. Sudhishri
- A. R. Rao
- Indian Forester
- Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
- International Journal of Agricultural Engineering
- The Asian Journal of Horticulture
- International Journal of Plant Protection
- Scientia Pharmaceutica
- Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India
- International Journal of Agricultural Sciences
- Current Science
- ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology
- Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences
- Indian Welding Journal
- Indian Journal of Economics and Development
- Asian Journal of Bio Science
- International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications
- Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Singh, D. K.
- Ecotourism: Problems and Possibilities in Soor Sarovar Bird Sanctuary on the Basis of Visitor Management
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 137, No 10 (2011), Pagination: 1238-1240Abstract
no abstract- Rare Case of Hyperthermia in Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning
Authors
1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IMS, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol 4, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 26-27Abstract
No AbstractReferences
- Jain AK, Dubey BP, Garg SP, Nigam M. Trends of aluminium phosphide poisoning in Bhopal region – A retrospective study of 10 years. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 2009; 31 (3): 971-973.
- Wilson R, F H Lovejoy, R J Jaeger, P L Landrigan. Acute phosphine poisoning aboard a grain freighter. Epidemiologic, clinical and pathological findings. Journal of American Medical Association 1980; 244,148–150.
- Jain SM, Bharani A, Sepha GC. Electrocardiographic changes in aluminium phosphide poisoning. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 1985; 33: 406-09.
- Chugh SN. Aluminium phosphide poisoning: present status and management. J. Assoc. Physc. India 1992; 40:401-405.
- Chefurka W, Kashi KP, Bond EJ. The effect of phosphine on electron transport in mitochondria. Pesticide. Biochem. Physio 1976; 6: 65
- Hassanian MH, Pajoumand A. Two years epidemiological survey of Aluminium Phosphide poisoning in Tehran. Iranian Journal of Toxicology 2007; 1(1):35-39.
- Rosenbaum HK, Miller JD. Malignant hyperthermia and myotonic disorders. Anesthesiol Clin N Am. 2002; 20: 385– 426.
- Bajaj R, Wasir HS, Aggarwal R. Aluminium phosphide poisoning clinical toxicity and outcome in eleven intensively monitored patients. Nat Med. J India 1:270-74.
- Chugh SN, Ram S, Arora RB, Saini AS, Malhotra KC. Adrenocortical involvement in aluminium phosphide poisoning. Indian J Med Res 1989; 90: 289-294.
- Endosulfan Poisoning Precipitating as Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: A Case Report
Authors
1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive care, IMS, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol 5, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 32-33Abstract
No abstractKeywords
No keywordsReferences
- Rosenbaum HK, Miller JD. Malignant hyperthermia and myotonic disorders. Anesthesiol Clin N Am. 2002; 20: 385– 426.
- Brumback, R.A., Feeback, D.L., and Leech, R.W. Rhabdomyolysis in childhood. Paediatric Neurology 1992; 39(4) : 821-858.
- Piatkowski A, Gröger A, Bozkurta A, Fuchsa PC, Palluaa N. Acetone associated inhalation injury and rhabdomyolysis. Burns 2007; 33(7): 932-934.
- Klaassen CD, Watkins JB. Casarett & Doull’s toxicology: the basic science of poisons. 5th ed. New York, MacGraw- Hill Publishing Company 1999: 542-547.
- Naqvi SM, Vaishnavi C. Bio-accumulative potential and toxicity of endosulfan insecticide to non-target animals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology 1993; 105 (3): 347-361.
- Lo RS, Chan JC, Cockram CS, Lai FM. Acute Tubular Necrosis Following Endosulphan Insecticide Poisoning. Clinical Toxicology 1995; 33 (1): 67-69.
- Boussemart T, Nsota J, Martin D, Coignard, Champion G. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: treat with caution. Pediatr Nephrol 2009; 467:1187-1189.
- Knoers N, Monnens L. Amiloride–hydrochlorothiazide versus indomethacin–hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. J Pediatr 1990; 117:499–502.
- Jakobsson B, Berg U. Effect of hydrochlorothiazide and indomethacin treatment on renal function in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Acta Paediatr 1994; 83:522–525.
- Enhanced Yield and Fiscal Benefit from Mango (mangifera Indica l.) and Guava (psidium Guajava L.) through Automated Drip Fertigation
Authors
1 Division of Crop Production, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi U.P., IN
2 Department of Farm Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P., IN
3 Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Division, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal M.P., IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 51-56Abstract
Sustainable and increased agricultural productivity emphasize judicious use of water and nutrients accompanied by other factors. This can be achieved by application of water and nutrients through drip fertigation, which is the most advanced and efficient practice of fertilizer application. It has to follow appropriate management strategies to get maximum benefit, which become easy through automatic operation system. Therefore, an automated drip fertigation system was installed in mango (Mangifera indica L.) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) orchards at the farm of Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Irrigation and fertilizers were provided to mango and guava as per crop water requirement and scheduling. The mean fruit yield of guava under automated drip fertigation system was found to be 10.29-13.07 tonnes/ha and increased by 27.03 per cent during the period from 2007-08 to 2009-10. It increased significantly from 15.6 per cent to 23.7 per cent over conventional system during the same period. The pulp content of guava varied between 95.4 - 95.5 per cent and was higher by 1.38-1.60 per cent as compared to conventional system. The mean fruit yield of mango was 8.00-12.80 tonnes/ha and increased to 60.0 per cent under automated drip fertigation. The mean fruit yield of mango significantly increased from 17.6 to 23.1per cent over conventional practices. The pulp content of mango under automated drip fertigation ranged between 74.5 to 74.6 per cent being 3.33-3.47 per cent higher than conventional system during the study period. Total cost of cultivation through automated drip fertigation varied from Rs.1,56,383- Rs.12,17,913 and Rs. 1,73, 775- Rs. 15,65,774 for guava and mango, respectively for one to 20 hectare area. The benefit cost ratio for mango and guava orchard reached 1.45 and 2.20 for 20 hectare area, respectively. This study indicated that automated drip fertigation system could be techno-economically feasible for use in 5-20 hectares of mango and 3-20 hectares of guava.Keywords
Mango, Guava, Automated Drip Fertigation, Increased Yield, Techno-economic Feasibility, Benefit Cost Ratio- Techniques of Controlling Salinity in Irrigated Agriculture for Sustainability
Authors
1 Division of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi U.P., IN
2 Department of Farm Engineer ing, Inst itute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P., IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 273–281Abstract
Worldwide 10-50 per cent of irrigated agriculture is facing problems of waterlogging and soil salinity which cause loss of around 1.5 million hectare land annually. The problems of alkalinity and salinity coupled with waterlogging affect about 7.3 million hectares land in India, which reduce agricultural productivity. At the same time agriculture is facing increase in water demand at 2.4 per cent annually during 2005 -2030 as well as reducing share of water due to competing demand from industry and urbanizations. Therefore, to fulfill food and nutritional security of nation on sustained basis, both salt affected soils and waters need to be managed using appropriate techniques. Techniques for controlling salinity that require relatively minor changes are more frequent irrigations, selection of more salt-tolerant crops, additional leaching, residue management, chemical amendments, pre-plant irrigation, bed forming and seed placement. These require significant changes in management such as, changing the irrigation method, altering the water supply, land-leveling, modifying the soil profile, and installing surface as well as subsurface drainage. Where possible, furrow planting may help in obtaining better stands and crop yields under saline conditions. Studies have shown that yield obtained by the drip method with saline water was almost equal to that produced when the high quality water was applied by this method. Therefore, improved agricultural production and water productivity on sustained basis could be realized by application of techniques to manage salt affected soils and waters.Keywords
Soil Salinity, Salt Tolerance, Seed Placement, Leaching, Bio-drainage, Surface And Subsurface Drainage, Water Management- Effect of Bio-fertilizers on Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Banana Cv. Giant Cavendish
Authors
1 ICAR-Regional Centre-NEH, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib Mizoram, IN
2 ICAR-RC for NEH, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok Sikkim, IN
3 Krisi Vigyan Kendra, MAMIT Mizoram, IN
4 Agricultural College, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur Bihar, IN
5 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi U.P.
Source
The Asian Journal of Horticulture, Vol 8, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 436-439Abstract
The effect of bio-fertilizer was studied in banana accessions intensively collected from ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram during 2009-2010. To assess the efficacy of different bio-fertilizer viz., Azospirillium, Azotobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) either alone or in combination was applied 20g per plant with recommended dose of FYM. The six treatments were arranged in a Randomized Block Design in three replications and spaced at 2.5 × 2.5 m in order to study its effect on growth, yield and quality attributing traits. All the characters were significantly increased except number of suckers and number of leaves due to application of each of the two-bio fertilizers either separately or in combination. Moreover in combination ofAzotobacter + PSB 20g per plant showed that more effective than either combination or in separately of another bio-fertilizers. This might be due to because biological nitrogen fixation depends appreciably on the available form of phosphorus. So the combined inoculation of nitrogen fixers and PSB may benefit the plant better (by providing both nitrogen as well as phosphorus) than either alone.Keywords
Bio- Fertilizer, Nitrogen Fixation, Azospirillium, Azotobacter, PSB, Banana- Effect and Eco-friendly Management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) on Brinjal
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technical, Kanpur, U.P., IN
2 Department of Entomology, Kulbhaskar Ashram (P.G.) College, Allahabad, U.P., IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 7, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 287-291Abstract
Brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is a very serious insect of brinjal. During the present investigation, six insecticides were evaluated under field conditions. Regarding the efficacy of insecticides, Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 250 g a.i./ha proved most effective which was closely followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 50 g a.i./ha and Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 lit/ha. Maximum fruit yield (220.61 q/ha) was obtained by the treatment of Imidacloprid followed by Indoxacarb (217.88 q/ha) and Dimethoate (216.22 q/ha).Keywords
Brinjal, Leucinodes Orbonalis, Ecofriendly Management- Importance of the Oxidation Reaction of Sodium Metaperiodate for Spectrophotometric Assay of Reserpine
Authors
1 Department of Chemistry, H. B. Technological Institute, Kanpur-208 002, IN
Source
Scientia Pharmaceutica, Vol 72, No 2 (2004), Pagination: 121-129Abstract
A new simple, accurate and reasonably sensitive spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of reserpine based on the oxidation with sodium metaperiodate in the presence of acetic acid and coupling with 3-methyl-2-benzo thiazolinone hydazone hydrochloride (MBTH) to form highly blue coloured product showing maximum absorbance at 630 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the range 0.2-1.6 μg ml-1. The relative standard deviation was found to be less than 1%. The proposed method can be applied for the estimation of reserpine in tablets with no evidence of interference from excipients.Keywords
Reserpine; Spectrophotometry; Sodium Metaperiodate; 3-Methyl-2-Benzo Thiazolinone Hydrazone Hydrochloride.References
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- Varma S R, Calatatud J M, Mottola H A. Continuous Flow Determination of Reserpine by Oxidation with Periodate Ion and Catalysis by Manganese Dioxide Reactor. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1990; 233: 235-241.
- Manzar A, Qazi N, Hussein I, Azhar I. Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Indole Drugs. J. Chem. Soc. Pak. 2000; 22:111-114.
- Blazneavskii N E, Batalov A I. Oxidimetric Determination of Alkaloids Based on the N-oxidation with Peroxycarboxylic acid. J. Anal. Chem. 1999; 54: 78-80.
- Wang J, Ozsoz M. Hydrophobic Stripping Voltametry of Antihypertensive Drugs at Lipid Modified Electrodes. Analyst 1990; 115: 831-834.
- Miguel S, Sanchez-Aibar Juan J. Spectrofluorometric Determination of Reserpine by Oxidation with Cerium (IV) Sulphate. Analyst 1996; 121: 1581-1582.
- Cieri Ugo R. Determination of Reserpine and Chlorothiazide in Commercial Tablets by LC with Fluorescence and UV Absorbance Detector in Series. J. AoAc Int. 1995; 78:1384-1387.
- Yakimov S A, Tuzova T P, Kuzovkina I N, Wulfson A N, Miroshnikov A I. Determination of lndole Alkaloids from R. Serpentina and R. Vomitoria by HPTLC and HPLC. J. Chromatogr A 1995; 704: 357-362.
- Ke Jing, Yancey M, Zhang S, Lowes S, Henion J. Quantitative Liquid Chromatographic Tendam Mass Spectrometric Determination of Reserpine in FVB/N Mouse Plasma Using a Chelating Agent (disodium EDTA) for Releasing Protein Bonded Analytes During 96 Well Liquid-Liquid Extraction. J. Chromatogr A 2000; 742: 369-380.
- Disimone L, Portelli G, Del Giudice M R, Gatta F, Settimj G. Application of a New Method for the Determination of Reserpine and Rescinnamine to the Control of Chemical Drugs. Farmaco 1980; 35: 223-232.
- Aucelio R Q. Campiglia A D. Solid Surface Room Temperature Phosphometry Analysis of Reserpine in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Talanta 1994; 41: 2131-2136.
- Arruda A F, Aucelio R Q. Room Temperature Phosphometry for the Selective Determination of Yohimbine in Presence of Reserpine like lndolic Alkaloids. Anal. Sci. 2002; 18: 831-834.
- Qiao-Hua W, Huisheng Z, Qiang er W, Guo-War C. New Flow Injection Chemiluminescence's System for the Determination of Reserpine. Fenxi Kexue Xuebao 2001; 17: 501-504.
- Taira A, Smith D E. Diffential Pulse and ac Polarography of Reserpine Using Aprotic Organic Solvent System. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 1978; 61: 941-948.
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- On the Distribution of Higher Basidiomycetes in the Sibsagar District, Assam
Authors
1 Gauhati University, Gauhati, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 13, No 3-4 (1971), Pagination: 285-289Abstract
The distribution of the higher basidiomycetes of the Sibsagar district of Assam has been studies with the application of Poisson's probability distribution.
The fungi mostly occur in patches or pockets of podzolic soil formations having a rich forest cover, Agaricaceae occurring most commonly. The types of fungi were also classified as soil-inhabiting and wood-inhabiting, the former with sporophores submerged in the soil superficially.
The Poisson's probability distribution also explains the mode of distribution to certain extent provided the places of occurrence of these fungi are not disturbed markedly.
- Biological Spectrum of the Flora of Buxar District, Bihar
Authors
1 Department of Botany, Patna University, Patna, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 38, No 1-4 (1996), Pagination: 60-63Abstract
Buxar forms a district of Patna division in the Ganga Valley and is under intense cultivation and irrigation by an efficient sone canal system. In the present paper life-forms of 540 angiospermic species have been studied and the same have been compared with Raunkiaer's normal biological spectrum and other spectra of the adjoining regions of Ganga Valley. This reveals the dominance of therophytes which indicate that the phytoclimate of the district is therophytic. The area is devoid of its original natural vegetation and the dominance of therophytes is due to the introduction of weeds of cultivation.- Diversity in Indian Hornworts (Bryophyta) a State of the Art Report
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Dehra Dun, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 36, No 1-4 (1994), Pagination: 71-81Abstract
The homworts, comprising a small, phylogenetically significant group of plants, are represented in India by 5 genera, viz. Anthoceros L. emend. Prosk., Folioceros Bharad. (Anthocerotaceae); Notothylas Sull. (Notothylaceae); Megaceros Campb. and Phaeoceros Prosk. (Phaeocerotaceae), 35 species and 2 subspecies. Anthocerotaceae and Phaeocerotaceae show greater manifestation in the Himalayas, whereas the Western ghats abound in maximum members of Notothylaceae. Fifty eight percent (or 21 species) of the total Indian homworts are endemic, of which only Anthoceros bharadwajii Udar et Asthana, A. erectux Kash. and Notothylas himalayensis Udar et Singh have an extended range of distribution in more than one bryogeographical territories. The high incidence of primitive Notothylas taxa coupled with the highest endemism encountered in the Western ghats makes this region Cradle ot the genus. The other phytogeographical elements discernible amongst Indian homworts are : Cosmopolitan (4), Disjuncts (4) and Eastern Asiatics (7). The rich and phytogeographically unique homwort flora of its own, notwithstanding, about 28% of the Indian anthocerotes could never be located again since their original collection. Certain biotic influences, on the other hand, are threatening a tew other species of their survival. The paper epitomizes the causes of threats and rarity of such taxa and discusses the strategies to salvage the situation.- Concept and Development of Herbarium with Special Reference to India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Dehra Dun, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 36, No 1-4 (1994), Pagination: 142-159Abstract
The present paper briefly outlines an account of the concept and development of herbarium with emphasis on the Indian situation. Well established herbaria, being repositories of dry plant specimens, gathered from far and wide are centres for assimilation and dissemination of basic knowledge about plants, and greatly aid in taxonomic researches of both fundamental and applied nature.While discussing an account of development of some of these major herbaria, the authors briefly outline the history, development and salient statistics of a few major Indian Herbaria such as Central National Herbarium at Howrah (CAL), Forest Research Institute Herbarium at Dehra Dun (DD), the Blatter Herbarium at Bombay (BLAT) and other regional herbaria of Botanical Survey of India.
- Contribution to the Liverworts of Gobind National Park, Uttaranchal, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun -248 195, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 44, No 1-4 (2002), Pagination: 99-118Abstract
The paper presents the result of a morphotaxonomic study on the liverworts of Gobind National Park in North-west Himalaya. A total of nine species, viz. Plagiochila asplenioides (L.) Dum. (Plagiochilaceae), Porella campylophylla var. ligulifera (Tayl.) Hatt. (Porellaceae), Porella hattorii Udar & Shaheen (Porellaceae), Pellia endivaefolia (Dicks.) Dum. (Pelliaceae), Metzgeria hamata Lindenb. (Metzgeriaceae), Targionia indica Udar & Gupta (Targioniaceae), Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dum. (Conocephallaceae), Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi (Rebouliaceae), and Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Reinw., Blume & Nees (Marchantiaceae) have been described in present communication. This constitutes first record of liverworts from this National Park, situated in Uttarkashi district of newly created state of Uttaranchal.- Contribution to the Mosses of Gobind National Park, Uttaranchal, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Dehra Dun - 248 195, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 44, No 1-4 (2002), Pagination: 119-134Abstract
The paper deals with the morphotaxonomical studies on nine species of mosses, viz. Atrichurn undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. var. hausknechtii (Jur. & Mild.) Frye (Polytrichaceae), Macromitrium moorcroftii (Hook. & Grew.) Schwaegr. (Orthotrichaceae), Timmia megapolitana Hedw. (Timmiaceae), Pohlia gedeana (Bosch & Lac.) Gangulee (Bryaceae), Bartramidula bartramioides (Griff.) Wijk & Marg. (Bartramiaceae), Claopodium prionophyllum (C. Muell.) Broth. (Thuidiaceae), Plagiothecium neckeroidium B.S.G. (Plagiotheciaceae), Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. (Hypnaceae) and Regmatodon orthostegius Mont. (Leskeaceae), from Gobind National Park in Uttarkashi district of Uttaranchal, India. This constitutes the first record of bryophytes from this protected area situated in the Garhwal Himalaya. Pohlia gedeana (Bosch & Lac.) Gangulee, so far known from Bhutan and Indo-Malayan region, has been recorded for the.first time from the country.- Survey, Collection and Preservation of Lower Plant Diversity in Antarctica, with Special Reference to Bryophyta
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Dehra Dun - 248 195, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 45, No 1-4 (2003), Pagination: 29-38Abstract
Antarctica, also known as the frozen continent, is the only geographic region in the world where vegetation is dominated by Cryptogams. The harsh climatic conditions met with in the continent has restricted its terrestrial biological diversity to ice-free areas of coastal outcrops and offshore islands, inland nunataks, mountain ranges and oases. The Paper, gives a brief overview of the biodiversity profile of Antarctica and provides detailed methodology for survey, collection, preservation and study of its bryophytes.- Note on Elymus kuramensis (Meld.) T. A. Cope (Poaceae) from India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Nothem Circle, Dehradun 248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata-700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 47, No 1-4 (2005), Pagination: 145-148Abstract
No Abstract.- Salvza reflex. Hornem. (Lamiaceae) - A New Record for India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Northern Circle, Dehradun-248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata-700 064, IN
3 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, GB
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 47, No 1-4 (2005), Pagination: 153-154Abstract
No Abstract.- Phytodiversity Analysis : a Geospatial Approach
Authors
1 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (NRSA), Department of Space, Dehradun, IN
2 Botanical Survey of lndia, Kolkata, IN
3 Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 46, No 1-4 (2004), Pagination: 19-33Abstract
Stratified random sampling with probability proportion to the size (PPS) is adopted for analyzing vegetation composition of all types. Vegetation cover type map derived using satellite remote sensing data have been considered as prime input for phytodiversity analysis of forest ecosystem. Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used to derive landscape indices such as fragmentation, porosity, patchiness, patch density, interspersion and juxtaposition, which depict landscape characteristics. Phytodiversity richness map generated for the Shiwalik hills of Punjab state is based on the disturbance index, terrain complexity, species richness, biological value and ecosystem uniqueness. The resultant maps highlight areas that are rich in phytodiversity. Forests of Shiwalik hills of Punjab state are moderately rich in some fragmented pockets. Deciduous forest showed high degree of richness (55.09% and 12.86% in high and very high categories respectively) followed by moist deciduous forest (17.92% in high and 16.19% in very high categories). Deciduous scrub shows least richness (13.96 % in high and 1.61 % in very high categories) as compared to pine forest (16.72% in high and 4.55% in very high categories). Phytosociological data collected from field sampling was analyzed to derive species richness, biodiversity value and importance value of various forest types.- Oxytropis hypoglottoides (Baker) Ali: A New Record for India
Authors
1 CIMAP Resource Centre, Purara, Bageshwar 263 688, IN
2 Botanical Suvey of India, Kolkata-700 064, IN
3 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, GB
4 Botanical Survey of India, Northern Circle, Dehradun-248 195, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 47, No 1-4 (2005), Pagination: 185-188Abstract
No Abstract.- Lopholejeunea sikkimensis var. Tenuicostata (Hepaticae: Lejeuneaceae) a New Variety from Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata-700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 47, No 1-4 (2005), Pagination: 189-192Abstract
No Abstract.- A Preliminary Census of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of Doon Valley
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah - 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, C.G.O. Complex, 3rd M.S.O. Building, Block-F (5th & 6th Floor) Sector I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 49, No 1-4 (2007), Pagination: 1-14Abstract
Twenty eight species of liverworts and hornworts have been recorded from Doon valley. Of these, Fossombronia pusilla (L.) Dumort. and Riccia cruciata Kashyap are new record for western Himalaya. Three species viz. Monosolenium tenerum Griff., Riccia frostii Austin anda Riccia sorocarp Bisch. are new record for Uttarakhand, while 15 species are recorded for the first time from Doon valley.- Two Interesting Records of Liverworts from Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th & 6th Floor) Salt Lake City, Sector I, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 49, No 1-4 (2007), Pagination: 211-214Abstract
No Abstract.- A New Species of Calypogeia Raddi (Marchantiophyta:Calypogeiaceae) from Eastern Himalaya, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 53 (2011), Pagination: 194-196Abstract
The genus Calypogeia Raddi is represented in India by six species (Singh, 2001). All the six species are found in Eastern Himalaya with three species, C. aeruginosa Mitt., C. fissa (L.) Raddi and C. marginella Mitt., restricted to this region alone in Indian bryoflora. Of the remaining three, C. arguta Nees & Mont. is common to Eastern Himalaya, Central India, South India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; C. azurea Stotler & Crotz occurs in both Eastern and Western Himalaya and South India and C. lunata Mitt. is common to Eastern as well as Western Himalaya (Mitten, 1861; Chopra, 1943; Sharma & Srivastava, 1993; Singh & al., 2008). During the course of study on the liverworts and hornworts of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya, the authors came across an interesting species of the genus Calypogeia Raddi. Detailed morphotaxonomic study of the species and study of relevant literature (Bischler, 1962a, 1962b; Srivastava & Sharma, 1986; Sharma & Srivastava, 1993; Paton, 1999) revealed it to be a hitherto undescribed species of the genus. The same has been described and illustrated as C. udarii in the present communication.- A New Lopholejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. (Hepaticae:Lejeuneaceae) from India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 53 (2011), Pagination: 197-200Abstract
The genus Lopholejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. is globally represented by 30 species referable to three subgenera viz., subgenus Pholianthus B.M. Thiers & Gradst. (with a single species confined to Australia and New Zealand), subgenus Pteryganthus B.M. Thiers (with four species confined to East Africa) and subgenus Lopholejeunea (with 25 species distributed all over the tropics, 17 of which occur in Asia) (Zhu & Gradstein, 2005). In India Awasthi & al. (2000) and Singh & Nath (2004) recorded 11 species and two varieties distributed in Eastern Himalaya (8 taxa), Western Ghats (7 taxa), Western Himalaya, Central India and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands (one species each). However, Zhu and Gradstein (2005), who further grouped the Asiatic species of the subgenus Lopholejeunea into sections Lopholejeunea (with 9 species characterized by the apex of leaf lobule attached to the leaf lobe across 2-8 cells) and Eulophae Verd. (with 8 species characterized by the leaf lobule attached to the leaf lobe across a single cell), recognised only 5 species from the country viz., L. applanata (Reinw. & al.) Schiffn., L. eulopha (Taylor) Schiffh. [=L. nicobarica Steph.] and L. nigricans (Lindenb.) Schiffh. [=L. abortiva (Mitt.) Steph. var. abortiva, L. abortiva var. doliiformis U.S. Awasthi & al., L. javanica (Nees) Schiffn., L. kashyapii U.S. Awasthi & al., L. sikkimensis Steph. var. dentata U.S. Awasthi & al., L. sikkimensis Steph. var. sikkimensis] belonging to sect. Eulophae, and L. recurvata Mizut. and L. subfusca (Nees) Steph. [=L. nilgiriensis U.S. Awasthi & al. and L. indica Udar & U.S. Awasthi] belonging to sect. Lopholejeunea. Later S.K. Singh & D.K. Singh (2006) described a new variety, L. sikkimensis var. tenuicostata Sushil K.Singh & D.K. Singh from the Western Himalaya, whereas Singh and Nath (2006) described L. nongstoinii A.P.Singh & V. Nath from the Eastern Himalaya.
During recent studies on the epiphyllous liverworts of Eastern Himalaya, an interesting population of the genus, referable to sect. Lopholejeunea, was observed in West Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh, which on the basis of comparative evaluation of morphological characters of species hitherto known under this section merit the status of a new species.
- Ptilidium pulcherrimum (G. Weber) Vainio (Hepaticae:Ptilidiaceae) - An Addition to Indian Bryoflora
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 53 (2011), Pagination: 205-210Abstract
The genus Ptilidium Nees was recorded for the first time from India by Mitten (1861), who described two species, viz. Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Hampe, and P. trichophyllum Mitt. [now treated under a separate genus as Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dumort.] based on the specimens collected by Sir J.D. Hooker from Sikkim. In the present state of our knowledge the genus is represented world over by three species, viz. P. ciliare (L.) Hampe, P. pulcherrimum (G. Weber) Vainio and P. californicum (Austin) Pearson (Stotler & Crandall-Stotler, 2005), of which only P. ciliare was known from India (Mitten, 1861; Chopra, 1943; Parihar & al., 1994; Singh & al., 2008). In a recent exploration in North Sikkim, some interesting corticolous specimens of the genus were collected with undifferentiated stem cells, 3-4(-5)-lobed leaves with the dorsal lobe 6, 10 cells wide at base and the dorsal sinus descending up to 2/3, 4/5 of leaf length, hence distinct from P. ciliare. A subsequent literature review (Macvicar, 1926; Schuster 1966; Paton, 1999) revealed it to be Ptilidium pulcherrimum (G. Weber) Vainio, earlier known from China, Japan, Europe and North America. The same has been described and illustrated here to facilitate its easy identification in Indian flora.- Naming Common Himalayan Paraquilegia J. R. Drumm. & Hutch. (Ranunculaceae)
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, 192-Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun 248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 53 (2011), Pagination: 221-227Abstract
No Abstract.- A Synoptic Flora of Liverworts and Hornworts of Manipur
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 52 (2010), Pagination: 9-52Abstract
The flora includes 111 species and one variety belonging to 46 genera and 20 families of liverworts and seven species belonging to three genera in family Anthocerotaceae of the hornworts from Manipur. Of these 92 taxa (91 species and 01 variety) are recorded for the first time from the State of Manipur. Bazzania orientalis (Steph.) Parihar, is new to the Himalayan region, whereas Porella madagascariensis (Nees & Mont.) Trevis. and Phaeoceros kashyapii A.K. Asthana & S.C. Srivast are new to the East Himalayan bryo-geographical region.Keywords
First Records, Liverworts, Hornworts, Manipur, Synoptic Key.- The Genus Nowellia (Cephaloziaceae:Marchantiophyta) in India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th Floor), Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata - 700 064, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah - 711 103, IN
3 Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar - 788 011, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 54 (2012), Pagination: 24-28Abstract
The liverwort genus Nowellia Mitt. [N. curvifolia (Dicks.) Mitt.] is described from Arunachal Pradesh, India. This constitutes the first record of the genus in Indian Bryoflora.Keywords
Nowellia, India, New Record.- Genus Tuyamaella S. Hatt. (Lejeuneaceae) in India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th floor), Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata 700 064, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 52 (2010), Pagination: 135-137Abstract
Tuyamaella S. Hatt, a small genus represented by six species and two varieties, is distributed in Asiatic and oceanic region (Zhu & So, 2000a, 2001). Of these, one species and two varieties are endemic to their respective countries, viz. T. borneensis Tixier (Indonesia), T. molischii (Schiffn.) S. Hatt. var. brevistipa P.C. Wu & P.J. Lin (China), T. molischii (Schiffn.) S.Hatt. var. taiwanensis R.L. Zhu & M.L. So (Taiwan), T. hattorii Tixier is restricted to Vietnam and Laos, T. jackii (Steph.) Tixier is restricted to Vietnam and Kampuchea. The remaining three species show an extended range of distribution, viz. T. angulistipa (Steph.) R.M. Schust. & Kachroo (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Papua New Guinea), T. molischii (Schiffn.) S. Hatt. var. molischii (China, Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam) and T. serratistipa S. Hatt. (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Malaysia, New Caledonia) (Tixier, 1973; Zhu & So, 1998, 2000a, b, 2001). The earlier record of T. angulistipa (= Pycnolejeunea angulistipa Steph.) from India by Chopra (1943) based on Stephani's (1914) report from India Orientalis (Perak) appears to be erroneous. Perhaps for this reason the genus does not find any mention in the recent review on Indian Lejeuneaceae in India (Asthana, 2007).
During the course of studies on the epiphyllous liverworts of Eastern Himalaya, the authors came across an interesting collection belonging to family Lejeuneaceae from West Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh which differed from all the known taxa of the family from India. Subsequent morpho-taxonomic studies on the plants followed by review of relevant literature (Tixier, 1973; Zhu & So, 1998, 2000a, b, 2001) revealed them to be Tuyamaella serratistipa S. Hatt., a species so far known from Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Malaysia and New Caledonia (Zhu & So, 1998, 2000b).
- Status of Corydalis meifolia var. Violacea (Fumariaceae) and a New Varietal Record for India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, 192-Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun 248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th floor), Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 52 (2010), Pagination: 138-143Abstract
No Abstract.- A New Species of Berchemia Neck. ex DC. (Rhamnaceae) from India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Northern Circle, Dehradun - 248 195, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block - F, (5th Floor), Salt Lake City, Sector - I, Kolkata - 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 50, No 1-4 (2008), Pagination: 9-12Abstract
A new species of Berchemia Neck, ex DC. (Rhamnaceae) is described from India. The species differs from allied B. floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. in tree habit; inflorescence a branched, terminal and axillary panicle bearing 3-15-flowered floral fascicles on the branches of second order (except terminal branch of the panicle); floral fascicles having terminal, older flower with longer, erect pedicels surrounding younger flowers with short, often nodding pedicels; stamens with filaments equal the length of the petals and completely encircled by the petal with anthers included or partly exerted; carpel with sessile stigma and oblong, flattened fruits without terminal stylar beak.- Three New Records of Liverworts for Himalayan Region from Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 51 (2009), Pagination: 191-198Abstract
Three liverworts, Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees (Geocalycaceae), Cololejeunea jelinekii Steph. and C. nilgiriensis G. Asthana & S. C. Srivast. (Lejeuneaceae) are described from Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh. All the species are being reported for the first time from the Himalayan region.Keywords
Cololejeunea jelinekii, Cololejeunea nilgiriensis, Lophocolea muricata, Himalaya Region, Liverworts, New Records.- Delphinium nordhagenii Wendelbo (Ranunculaceae) - A New Record for Indian Flora with a Note on Delphinium nordhagenii var. Acutidentatum W. T. Wang
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, CGO complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th Floor), Salt Lake, Sector I, Kolkata 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 50, No 1-4 (2008), Pagination: 183-186Abstract
No Abstract.- Cololejeunea longiana Grolle & Mizut. - An Addition to Indian Bryoflora from Darjeeling, West Bengal
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah - 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Salt Lake City, Sector I, Kolkata - 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 50, No 1-4 (2008), Pagination: 209-211Abstract
No Abstract.- Lejeunea papilionacea Steph. (Hepaticae:Lejeuneaceae) - An Addition to Indian Bryoflora from East Sikkim
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah - 711 103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 50, No 1-4 (2008), Pagination: 212-215Abstract
No Abstract.- Effect of Different Dose of Cytokinin for Shoot Multiplication of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Variety ‘GRAND NAINE’ under In-vitro Condition
Authors
1 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture Technology, Meerut (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Vol 12, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 65-72Abstract
The maximum callus formation (20.3%) was observed in treatment BAP 8 mgl-1 while the minimum (4.6%) was noted under control. With the combination of BAP and BA, the maximum callus formation ( 27.0%) was recorded under BAP 8 mgl-1 + BA 4 mgl-1 ; however, it was at par with BAP 8 mgl-1 + BA 3 mgl-1 at 75 days after inoculation.At 90 days after inoculation, maximum callus percentage (29.3) was found under BAP 8 mgl-1+ BA 4 mgl-1. At 105 days after inoculation, callus percentage was maximum callus (33.0%) was noted under the treatment combination of BAP 8 mgl-1+ BA 4 mgl-1, however, it was significantly at par with BAP 8 mgl-1+ BA 3 mgl-1, while the minimum (9.3%) was recorded under control again. The earliest shoot initiation (21.0, 22.0 days, respectively) was noted under BAP 8 mgl-1 and BA 5 mgl-1, separately; while it was statistically earliest i.e. 20.66 days in combination with BAP 2 mgl-1+ BA 5 mgl-1. Maximum shoot length (0.76 cm) was recorded in the treatment of BAP 8 mgl-1. at 20 days after shoot initiation.Maximum shoot length (3.06 cm) was noted under BAP 8 mgl-1 alone which statistically superior to other under BAP alone treatments while it recorded minimum under control at 40 days after shoot initiation. Under BA treatments, the maximum shoot length (2.26 cm) was noted with BA 4 mgl-1 and 5 mgl-1 both; however, it was at par with BA 2 mgl-1 and 3 mgl-1 at 40 days after shoot initiation. With the effect of BAP and BA combinations, the maximum shoot length (3.23cm) was recorded under BAP 8 mgl-1+ BA 5 mgl-1 at 40 days after shoot initiation. The minimum duration of ischolar_main initiation (14.66 days) was noted under the treatment of Indole Butyric acid 4 mgl-1 ; however, it was significantly at par with indole butyric acid 2 mgl-1 and 3 mgl-1. The maximum duration (34.33 days) was observed under control. Minimum number of ischolar_mains (4.0 ischolar_mains) were recorded under the treatment applied 1 mgl-1 IBA in culture medium. Further, number of ischolar_mains was found maximum 10.33 ischolar_mains under the treatment of 5 mgl-1 IBA followed by 4 mgl-1 IBA concentrations. Culture medium with IBA 5 mgl-1 showed maximum ischolar_main length (1.66 cm) followed by IBA 4 mgl-1 , 3 mgl-1 and 2 mgl-1 with 1.56 cm, 1.40 cm and 1.06 cm, respectively. It was concluded that BAP 8 mgl-1 and BA 5 mgl-1 separately performed better results on account of callus formation, shoot initiation and multiplication of shoots whereas with their combination viz., BAP 8 mgl-1 +BA 4 mgl-1 showed best result on the above parameters. For ischolar_main initiation and its development IBA 5 mgl-1 was found to be the best among all the treatments.Keywords
Cytokinin, Shoot Multiplication, Banana, In-vitro Condition.References
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- A Note on the Status of Metzgeria macrospora (Metzgeriaceae, Marchantiophyta)
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah -711103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th floor), Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata -700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 55 (2013), Pagination: 166-171Abstract
Metzgeria macrospora is found taxonomically distinct from M. consanguinea Schiffn. A detailed description and illustration including SEM study of spores has been provided and its taxonomic status is discussed.Keywords
Metzgeria macrospora, Metzgeriaceae, Rediscovery, Taxonomic status.- Some New and Noteworthy Records of Family Lejeuneaceae (Marchantiophyta) from Sikkim, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah-711103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th floor), Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata-700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 55 (2013), Pagination: 153-165Abstract
Seven species of liverworts of the family Lejeuneaceae have been recorded from Sikkim, India. Of these, Acrolejeunea pusilla (Steph.) Grolle & Gradst. and Cololejeunea pluridentata P.C.Wu & J.S.Lou are new to India and Cololejeunea ceratilobula (P.C. Chen) R.M. Schust., C chenii Tixier, C. nilgiriensis, G. Asthana & S.C. Srivast, C. serrulata Steph. and Lejeunea bidentula Herzog are new to the State of Sikkim.Keywords
Liverworts, Lejeuneaceae, New records, Sikkim, India.- Plagiochila Gymnoclada (Marchantiophyta: Plagiochilaceae) - New to Indian Bryoflora from Eastern Himalaya with a Note on Distribution of the Sect. Plagiochila in India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah - 711103, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th Floor) Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata – 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 56 (2014), Pagination: 268-272Abstract
Plagiochila gymnoclada Sande Lac. - a species widespread in East and Southeast Asia and Melanesia, belonging to section Plagiochila is recorded for the first time in Indian bryoflora from West Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh in Eastern Himalaya. A note on the distribution of the section Plagiochila in India has been provided.Keywords
Arunachal Pradesh, India, New Record, Plagiochila gymnoclada.References
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- THOUVENOT, L., S.R. GRADSTEIN, A. HAGBORG, L. SÖDERSTRÖM AND J. BARDAT. 2011. Checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of New Caledonia. Cryptog. Bryol. 32: 287 - 390.
- WANG, J., M.-J. LAI, AND R.-L. ZHU, 2011. Liverworts and hornworts of Taiwan: an updated checklist and floristic accounts. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48: 369 - 395.
- ZHU, R.-L. 2006. New checklist of Chinese liverworts, hornworts, and takakiophytes. 3rd ver.http://life.ecnu.edu.cn/sitez/zrl/images/CHECKLIST OF%chinese LIV ERWORTS.pdf
- Cheilolejeunea osumiensis (Marchantiophyta: Lejeuneaceae) - an Addition to the Indian Bryoflora from Eastern Himalaya
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Block F (5th floor) Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata - 700 064, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 56 (2014), Pagination: 259-264Abstract
Cheilolejeunea osumiensis (S.Hatt.) Mizut., earlier known from China and Japan, has been described and illustrated for the first time in Indian bryoflora from Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh and South district of Sikkim.Keywords
Arunachal Pradesh, Cheilolejeunea osumiensis, India, New Record, Sikkim.References
- ASTHANA, G. 2007. Current status of family Lejeuneaceae in India. In: V. Nath and A.K. Asthana (eds.), Current trends in Bryology. 101-130. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
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- DANIELS, A.E.D. 2010. Checklist of the bryophytes of Tamil Nadu, India. Arch. Bryol. 65: 1-116.
- DANIELS, A.E.D. AND J.L. MABEL 2010. Two liverworts new to the Indian bryoflora. Lindbergia 33: 77-80.
- DANIELS, A.E.D. AND K.C. KARIYAPPA 2013. Cheilolejeunea trapezia (Nees) Kachroo & R.M. Schust. ex Mizut. var. ceylanica (Gottsche) A.E.D. Daniels & K.C. Kariyappa comb. et stat. nov. (Lejeuneaceae) from India. Taiwania 58 (2): 140-145.
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- HERZOG, T. 1939. Zwei Bryophytensammlungen aus dem Sikkim-Himalaya. Ann. Bryol. 12: 71-97.
- JOSHI, D.Y. 2001. A floristic analysis of the Liverworts from Andaman Islands, India. In: V. Nath and A.K. Asthana (eds.), Perspectives in Indian Bryology. 135-148. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
- MANJU, C.N., K.P. RAJESH AND P.V. MADHUSOODANAN 2005. Bryophytes of Wayanad in Western Ghats. Malabar Natural History Society, Kozhikode.
- MANJU, C.N., T. PÓCS, K.P. RAJESH AND R. PRAKASHKUMAR 2012. Lejeuneaceae (Marchantiophyta) of the Western Ghats, India. Acta Biologica Plantarum Agriensis 2: 125-145.
- MITTEN, W. 1861. Hepaticae Indiae Orientalis, an enumeration of the Hepaticae of east Indies. J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 89-128.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1963. On some Indian species of the family Lejeuneaceae described by W. Mitten. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 26: 171-184.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1964. Studies of little known Asiatic species of hepaticae in the Stephani Herbarium. 1. On some little known southeast Asiatic species of the family Lejeuneaceae. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 27: 139-148.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1967. Studies of little known Asiatic species of Hepaticae in the Stephani Herbarium. 3. On some little known species of Cheilolejeunea, Euosmolejeunea and Pycnolejeunea. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 30: 171-180.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1972. Studies of little known Asiatic species of hepaticae in the Stephani herbarium 7. Some little known species of the subfamily Lejeuneoideae of the Lejeuneaceae. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 35: 399-411.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1980. Notes on the Lejeuneaceae. 3. Some Asiatic species of the genus Cheilolejeunea. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 47: 319-331.
- MIZUTANI, M. 1982. Notes on the Lejeuneaceae. 6. Japanese species of the genus Cheilolejeunea. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 51: 151-173.
- SINGH, A. P. AND V. NATH 2007. Hepaticae of Khasi and Jaintia Hills: Eastern Himalayas. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.
- SINGH, D. 2012. A note on Cheilolejeunea trifaria (Reinw. et al.) Mizut. from Indian Himalayan region. Lindbergia 35: 18-21.
- SINGH, D., M. DEY AND D.K. SINGH 2010. A synoptic flora of liverworts and hornworts of Manipur. Nelumbo 52: 9-52.
- SINGH DEO, S. AND D.K. SINGH 2013. Cheilolejeunea eximia (Lejeuneaceae: Marchantiophyta) - an addition to the Indian Bryoflora from Eastern Himalaya with a note on distribution of the genus in India. NeBIO 4(4): 52-57.
- SINGH, D.K., S.K. SINGH AND M. DEY 2006. On a collection of Hepaticae from Andaman Islands. Phytotaxonomy 6: 99-104.
- SINGH, S.K. AND H.A. BARBHUIYA 2012. A compendium to Marchantiophyta and Anthocerotophyta of Assam, India. Arch. Bryol. 149: 1-30.
- SO, M.L. AND R.-L. ZHU 1996. Studies on Hong Kong Cheilolejeunea with two species new to China. Trop. Bryol. 12: 5-10.
- UDAR, R. AND U.S. AWASTHI 1983. The genus Leucolejeunea Evans in India. Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B. 49(3): 249-256.
- YAMADA, K. AND Z. IWATSUKI 2006. Catalog of the Hepatics of Japan. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 99: 1-106.
- ZHU, R.-L. AND M.L. SO 2001. Epiphyllous liverworts of China. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 121: 1-418.
- ZHU, R.-L., M.L. SO AND Y.F. WANG 2002. The genus Cheilolejeunea (Hepaticae, Lejeuneaceae) in China. Nova Hedwigia 75: 387-408.
- A Note on the Genus Neolepidozia (Lepidozioideae, Lepidoziaceae, Marchantiophyta) in India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah – 711 103, West Bengal, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, CGO Complex, Salt Lake Sector I, Kolkata – 700 064, West Bengal, IN
Source
Nelumbo - The Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India, Vol 57 (2015), Pagination: 106-111Abstract
The genus Neolepidozia Fulford & J.Taylor is recorded in Indian bryoflora and N. wallichiana (Gottsche) Fulford & J.Taylor has been described and illustrated from Anjaw and Lower Dibang Valley districts of Arunachal Pradesh in Eastern Himalaya, India. The Indian plants of the species are little atypical in the size of main stem leaves and the number and size of main stem leaf-lobes, but the deviations are limited within the variations exhibited by the species across its range of distribution.Keywords
Arunachal Pradesh, India, Neolepidozia, New Record.References
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- GRADSTEIN, S.R., Y. KIEN–THAI, M. SULEIMAN, A. PUTRIKA, D. APRIANI, E. YUNIATI, F. AG. KANAK, F.B. ULUM, I. WAHYUNI, K. WONGKUNA, L.C. LUBOS, L.T. TAM, M.R. PUSPANINGRUM, M.R. PG. HJ. SERUDIN, M. ZUHRI, N.G. AIK MIN, N. JUNITA, N. PASARIBU AND S. KORNOCHALERT 2010. Bryophytes of Mount Patuha, West Java, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 13(2): 107–123.
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- TAN, B. C. AND J.J. ENGEL 1986. An annotated checklist of Philippine Hepaticae. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 60: 283–355.
- VON KONRAT, M., J.J. ENGEL, M. KATAFONO, L. SODERSTROM, E.D. COOPER, C. DELAVOI, A. HAGBORG, M.A.M. RENNER, L. BRISCOE, T. POCS, J. BRAGGINS, S. TUIWAWA, A. NAIKATINI AND M. TUIWAWA 2014. Unlocking collections: New records of Lepidoziaceae (Marchantiophyta) for the islands of Fiji. Telopea 17: 403–413.
- WANG, J., M.-J. LAI AND R.-L. ZHU 2011. Liverworts and hornworts of Taiwan: an updated checklist and floristic accounts. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48: 369–395.
- YAMADA, K. AND Z. IWATSUKI 2006. Catalog of the Hepatics of Japan. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 99: 1–106.
- ZHU, R.-L. 2006. New checklist of Chinese liverworts, hornworts, and takakiophytes. 3rd ver. http://life.ecnu.edu.cn/sitez/zrl/images/CHECKLIST OF%chinese LIVERWORTS. pd
- Modelling of Declining Groundwater Depth in Kurukshetra District, Haryana, India
Authors
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and PHT, Ranipool 737 135, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 717-723Abstract
Changing climate of a region coupled with spatiotemporal variability of rainfall has a significant effect on groundwater recharge. An effort has been made in this study to analyse the pre- and post-monsoon average groundwater depths of different blocks in Kurukshetra district, Haryana, India. The stochastic analysis of groundwater depth was carried out using auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Best-fitted models ARIMA (2, 1, 1) and ARIMA (0, 1, 2) were used for prediction of pre- and post-monsoon groundwater depth fluctuations up to the year 2020. Results indicate that by the year 2020, average groundwater depth in the pre- and post-monsoon seasons in the district is expected to decline by 5.63 and 5.72 m respectively, over the base year 2010. Results of this study will be helpful in evolving strategies for groundwater development and management.Keywords
Climatic Variability, Groundwater Depth, Irrigation, Monsoon Rainfall.- On Secure Full Duplex Communication in Mobile AD HOC Network
Authors
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Birsa Institute of Technology Sindri, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bengal college of Engineering and Technology, IN
3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, IN
Source
ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology, Vol 4, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 731-736Abstract
This paper is to establish Ad Hoc network in mobile phones and start fully secured full duplex communication in any situation. This type of communication will be cost effective and it will be fastest way of communication in case of any server failure or server error.Keywords
Wireless Ad Hoc Network, Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Bluetooth, Half Duplex Communication, Full Duplex Communication.- An Effective Approach for Suppressing High Density Noise in Image by Robust Estimator
Authors
1 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, NIT, Rourkela, IN
2 VESIT, Mumbai, IN
3 SIT, Lonavala, IN
Source
Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences, Vol 3, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 39-46Abstract
In this paper a novel method for effectively denoising the extremely corrupted image by fixed value impulse noise using robust estimation based filter is proposed. The proposed algorithm classifies the pixels of localized window in to "corrupted" or "uncorrupted" and removes only corrupted pixels by robust estimation or by left modified neighbor. It is shown that the proposed filter effectively removes the impulse noise while preserving the good image quality. The visual and quantitative results proves that the performance of proposed filter in the preservation of edges and details is better even at noise level as high as 95%.Keywords
Robust Estimation, High Density Impulse Noise, Nonlinear Filter.- Mechanical Properties of TIG Welded Al-Zn-Mg Alloy
Authors
1 Welding Research Laboratory, Deptt. of Mechanical & Industrial Engg., University of Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, IN
2 Fachhochschule fur Technik Kanalstrasse 33, D-7300, Esslingen (FRG), DE
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 24, No 4 (1991), Pagination: 225-230Abstract
Welding of Al-Zn-Mg alloy has been carried out by using AG conventional continuous current and pulsed current and pulsed current Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding processes. The influence of various welding parameters on the soundness of the weld was studied by estimation of flaws in it. The effect of flaw size present like a crack inside the weld on the tensile strength of the weld has been determined. The influence of flaw size on the fracture toughness of the weld deposit has also been studied. It has been observed that for small flaws the failure is net stress controlled, whereas for large flaws the failure has been found to be stress intensity controlled.- Impact of Demonetization on Indian Economy
Authors
1 Division of M.P.A.E, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (N.S.I.T), University of Delhi, Azad Hind Fauz Marg, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi-110078, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 5, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 1-7Abstract
Objectives: The impact for demonetization has been mentioned, illustrating how similar events have had an historical analogy. The experts estimate has been used to support reasonable arguments made in context of requirement of monetary policy change.
Methods/Statistical analysis: Demonetization is a monetary policy which functions to remove currency of higher denomination which is currently in circulation. Reasons for its execution are restricted to each government and the need of the people. Although in best interest of the country and stabilizing the economy, demonetization reaches to sectors both organized and unorganized.
Findings/Results:Its effects are socio-economic which results in the desired outcome planned before, while bringing the policy in effect. Measures by the Government of India to demonetize with effect from 8th November 2016 will redefine business and investment in India and will lead this country to where it really belongs, in a league of developing nations contributing to the development of the entire world. The outcomes post demonetization has been discussed and its future implications have been mentioned in this manuscript. The assumptions made while applying policy change regarding the creation of urge to learn and implement smart IT solutions have also been mentioned illuminating desire for technological growth in the country. The article also follows through both advantages and disadvantages of demonetization.
Applications: Monetary Policy change, establishing business in a new economic environment.
Keywords
Demonetization, Policy, Business, Economics, Currency in Circulation, Black Money, Cashless Economy.References
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- Demonetization has halved crime rate in Mumbai. 2016.
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- Tripathi, Ashish Kumar. Demonetization-challenges for rural India. International Journal of Higher Education Research & Development. 2016.
- Demonetisation effects in India to disappear in medium term World Bank. 2017.
- Post demonetization India slowly returning to normalcy. Christine Tang and Cheang Ming. 2017.
- D. Sachin . Demonetization likely to be credited positive for soverign over time. Economic Times. 2017.
- S. Jai Deo. Liquidity optimization-post-demonetisation. The Management Accountant Journal. 2017; 52(1), 66-72. Yeshika Budhwar, Shivani Saxenal. Ads failed but cash crunch hits ciggie sales by 40%. The Times of India. 2016.
- S. Dam. The wall between the RBI and government must not be breachedpost-demonetisation. The Economic Times. 2016.
- D. Krishnan, S. Stephan. Effects of demonetization evidence from 28 slum neighborhoods in Mumbai. 2017.
- D. Grewal, L.R. Anne, N. Jens. The future of retailing. Journal of Retailing. 2017; 93(1), 1-6.
- J.Singh. Hardware level security in e-wallet todays need. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2017;10(11),1-3.
- Studies on the Effect of Growth Regulator and Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Different Cultivars of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch)
Authors
1 Department of Horticulture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.), IN
Source
The Asian Journal of Horticulture, Vol 10, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 222-231Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at the Horticulture Research Center, of the SardarVallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut during 2013- 2014.The maximum number of fruits (20.85) were recorded in the variety Chandler which was significantly superior to the rest of the varieties and followed by Gorella,Selva and Confictura.The maximum fruit yield per plant (385.57g) was recorded in the variety Chandler which was superior to the rest of the varieties and was followed by Selva, Confictura and Douglas. The minimum fruit yield per plant (177.79g) was noted in Gorella variety.The maximum fruit weight (18.41g) was recorded in the variety Chandler which was significantly superior to the rest and followed by Confictura, Selva and Douglas.Application of gibberellic acid (GA3) 100 ppm + vermicompost @ 100q/ha was found to be the best treatment in response to fruit weight among different varieties of strawberry and recorded 16.48g. The maximum fruit yield (171.36q/ha) was recorded in the variety Chandler which was significantly superior to the rest and was followed by Selva, Confictura and Douglas; however, Selva and Confictura were statistically at par to each other. Variety Chandler responded maximum effect on fruit yield per hectare i.e. 205.357q/ha with the spray of gibberellic acid (GA3) 100 ppm and application of vermicompost @ 100q/ha. The maximum total soluble soilds (10.68ºBrix) was recorded in the variety Douglas which was superior to the rest and was followed by Confictura, Selva and Gorella. The minimum TSS value (9.41ºBrix) was noted in Chandler variety. Douglas responded maximum effect on TSS value i.e. 11.50 ºBrix with the spray of gibberellic acid (GA3) 100 ppm and application of vermicompost @ 100q/ha as basal dose which was statistically significant to other treatments and followed by Confictura, Selva and Gorella. Viewing the above observations, Chandler, Confictura and selva were found promising for commercial cultivation, however, Gorella was found to be earliest among all.
Keywords
Growth Regulator, Vermicompost, Growth, Yield, Cultivars.- Studies of some Insecticides and Bio Pesticides on Foraging Behaviour of Honey Bees in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
2 Oilseed Section, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 7, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 214-215Abstract
The foraging behaviour of honey bees viz., Apis dorsata, Apis florea, Apis cerana indica and Apis mellifera were recorded on mustard crop. The observations on visiting of honey bees showed that the neem product, achook was found least toxic to honey bees due to their higher visits i.e. 3.00, 4.33, 4.33, 6.33 and 6.66 per three minutes per sq. m area just after, after 24, 48, 72 hours and after 5 days of application followed by bioneem i.e. 2.00, 3.00, 3.66, 5.66 and 6.33 visits, respectively. Nimbicidine also provided 1.33, 2.33, 3.00, 5.33 and 5.66 visits of honey bees 3 minutes in one square metre area in comparison to rest of the treatments. While maximum visits were recorded in untreated plot i.e. 6.66, 7.00, 7.33, 8.00 and 7.33 visits. Thus, achook and bioneem were found safer to honey bees and recommended to the farmers for the control of aphids (Lipaphis erysimi) in mustard crop.Keywords
Apis dorsata, Apis mellifera, Brassica juncea and Malathion.- Estimation of Crop Coefficients and Water Productivity of Mustard (Brassica juncea) under Semi-Arid Conditions
Authors
1 Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 02 (2017), Pagination: 264-271Abstract
Experiment was conducted using weighing-type field lysimeters to determine single and dual crop coefficients (Kc) and to estimate water productivity of mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivar, Pusa Vijay (NPJ-93) during rabi 2013-14 and 2014-15. It was observed that the single crop coefficient (Kc) during rabi 2013-14 was 0.39, 0.72, 1.02 and 0.5 for initial, development, mid and late stages respectively. While in dual Kc the value of Kcb (basal crop coefficient) was 0.19, 0.55, 0.91 and 0.24 for the four stages, respectively. During rabi 2014-15, the single Kc was 0.36, 0.63, 1.04 and 0.44 and for dual Kc the value of Kcb was 0.17, 0.46, 0.91 and 0.23 for four stages respectively. Relationship between Kcb and leaf area index as well as between Kcb and growing degree days was also established. Water productivity was estimated to be 14.9 kg/ha-mm corresponding to grain yield of 2.34 t ha-1 with 157 mm of total irrigation water applied during rabi 2013-14. Whereas during rabi 2014-15, water productivity was 15.4 kg/ha-mm with grain yield of 2.89 t ha-1 with 187 mm depth of applied irrigation. Nonetheless, the estimated crop coefficients of mustard can be used for judicious irrigation scheduling in order to enhance water productivity in semi-arid environment.Keywords
Brassica juncea, Crop Coefficient, Evapotranspiration, Leaf Area Index, Water Productivity.References
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- Numerical Analysis of Dispersion and Endlessly Single Mode Property of a Modified Photonic Crystal Fiber Structure
Authors
1 Department of Engineering Physics, NETGI, Thakurgaon, Ranchi, Jharkhand, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BIT Sindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, IN
3 P.G. Department of Physics, VBU, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 3, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 1116-1120Abstract
Photonic crystal fibers (PCF) are more versatile, intriguing and promising than conventional optical fiber. PCFs are divided into two different kinds, the index-guiding PCF and the photonic band-gap (PBG) effect PCF. In conventional index-guiding PCF, there is a lattice of air holes in the silica background, which surround the core. Light in this fiber is guided through the high index solid silica core by total internal reflection mechanism. Fundamentally different from all high index core conventional photonic crystal fiber, in this paper, we propose a new type of Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) structure; where instead of using the air-holes in the cladding region, we use boron doped solid silica rods in order to reduce the problems associated with deformities of air-holes in the fabrication of PCF. Also, we analyze few of the properties of the proposed photonic crystal fiber structure such as Endlessly Single Mode(ESM) property and tunable dispersion, and compared with conventional photonic crystal fiber.Keywords
Endlessly Single Mode (ESM), Photonic Band Gap (PBG), Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), Standard Optical Fibers (SIF).- A Survey of Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Cluster-Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors
1 Maintenance Engineering Department (Electrical), Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur-831001, Jharkhand, IN
2 Computer Science and Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, IN
3 Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Birsa Institute of Technology, Dhanbad-828123, Jharkhand, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 2, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 570-580Abstract
Recent technological advances in communications and computation have enabled the development of low-cost, low-power, small in size, and multifunctional sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network. Since the radio transmission and reception consumes a lot of energy, one of the important issues in wireless sensor network is the inherent limited battery power within network sensor nodes. Therefore, battery power is crucial parameter in the algorithm design to increase lifespan of nodes in the network. In addition to maximizing the lifespan of sensor nodes, it is preferable to distribute the energy dissipated throughout the wireless sensor network in order to maximize overall network performance. Much research has been done in recent years, investigating different aspects like, low power protocols, network establishments, routing protocol, and coverage problems of wireless sensor networks. There are various routing protocols like location-aided, multi-path, data-centric, mobility-based, QoS based, heterogeneity-based, hierarchical routing, hybrid routing, etc., in which optimal routing can be achieved in the context of energy. In this paper, the focus is mainly driven over the survey of the energy-efficient hierarchical cluster-based available routings for Wireless Sensor Network.Keywords
Wireless Sensor Networks, Cluster Head, Cluster-Based Routing, Hierarchical Clustering, Base Station.- Modelling Vadose Zone Processes for Assessing Groundwater Recharge in Semi-Arid Region
Authors
1 College of Agriculture, B. Gudi, University of Agricultural Science-Raichur, Raichur 585 287, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institure, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Gwalior 474 002, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 03 (2018), Pagination: 608-618Abstract
Normally groundwater recharge is estimated using methods based on water balance, water table fluctuations, fixed factor of annual rainfall and tracer movement. In many of these methods water stored in the vadose zone and evapotranspiration are not accounted properly. These factors control groundwater recharge to a large extent, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions which are normally characterized by a deep water table, thick vadose zone and high evapotranspiration. In this study, HYDRUS-1D and MODFLOW models were used to assess the recharge flux and groundwater recharge in an area under a semi-arid region giving due consideration to important vadose zone processes. Cumulative recharge flux at water table in various sub-areas varied from 20.01 cm to 23.43 cm (29.26% to 34.26% of the monsoon rainfall). The average groundwater recharge was 22.2%. Total surface runoff in various sub-areas varied from 3.39 cm to 14.36 cm (5% to 21% of the monsoon rainfall). Evapotranspiration was found to be a major recharge controlling factor. Reference evapotranspiration varied from 37.19 cm to 45 cm (54% to 66% of the monsoon rainfall). Natural recharge under the prevailing pumping rate and pumping schedule was 23.3% of the monsoon rainfall. Simulation results revealed that if all the surface runoff is retained in the area, water table will rise by 1.46 m.Keywords
Groundwater Recharge Modelling, HYDRUS and MODLFOW, Semi-Arid Region, Vadoze Zone Processes.References
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- Temporal Change and Flow Velocity Estimation of Patseo Glacier, Western Himalaya, India
Authors
1 Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Chandigarh 160 036, IN
2 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Indian Space Research Organization, Head Quarters, New BEL Road, Bengaluru 560 231, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 04 (2018), Pagination: 776-784Abstract
In the present study we estimate the velocity and thickness of the Patseo glacier, Himachal Pradesh, India. The average velocity of the glacier was estimated as ~5.47 m/year using co-registration of optically sensed images and correlation (COSI-Corr) method. The glacier thickness was found to vary between 12 and 278 m, with an average value 59 m. The total glacier ice volume was estimated as ~15.8 × 107 m3, with equivalent water reservoir of ~14.5 × 107 m3. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted during 2004 and 2013 for validation of the estimated glacier thickness. The glacier thickness estimated using COSI-Corr method was found to be in agreement with GPR-retrieved glacier thickness (RMSE = 4.75 m; MAE = 3.74 m). The GPR profiles collected along the same geographic locations on the glacier during 2004 and 2013 showed a reduction in ice thickness of ~1.89 m, and thus resulting in an annual ice thickness decrease of ~0.21 m. The glacier area was estimated for 2004 and 2013 using LISS IV satellite data and found to be ~2.52 and ~2.30 sq. km respectively. This shows an annual reduction of ~0.024 sq. km in glacier area. The total annual loss in glacier ice volume was estimated as ~4.55 × 105 m3. This loss in the glacier ice volume of the Patseo glacier is supported by the snow and meteorological observations collected at a nearby field observatory of Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment (SASE). The climate data collected at SASE meteorological observatory at Patseo (3800 m), between 1993–94 and 2014–15 showed an increasing trend in the mean annual temperature and a decreasing trend in winter precipitation.Keywords
Glaciers, Ground Penetrating Radar Surveys, Velocity and Thickness Estimation, Winter Precipitation.References
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- Modelling Climate Change Impact on Crop Evapotranspiration
Authors
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, AC, B’gudi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, IARI, New Delhi, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 16, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 953-958Abstract
Global warming and climate change and its impact on crop water requirement are a major concern of this century. It has been established that the regional and global temperature is rising due to increased concentration of green house gases in the atmosphere. Rising temperature is expected to affect the crop water requirement. This study was undertaken to evaluate the trend and predict the changes in climate parameters, and assess the impact of climate change on crop water requirement using local weather data. Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used for forecasting the future climate trend. Assessment of impact of climate change on crop water requirement was done for different climate change scenarios. Scenarios considered for assessment were based on ARIMA, Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) and Inter-Governmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) predictions. Crop water requirement of various crops would decrease by 7.5 to 14.2 mm by 2030s if it is determined using all important climatic parameters. Increase in water requirement varied from 13 to 77.5 mm for rice and 7.2 to 43.5 mm for pearl millet depending on the scenarios. Results indicate that crop water requirement did not increase if it was estimated using all important climatic parameters even though the average temperature increased during this period. However, if only rise in temperature is considered, crop water requirement would increase under all scenarios considered in this study.Keywords
Climate Change, Trend Analysis, ARIMA, Evapotranspiration, Crop Water Requirement.- Modelling of Climate-Induced Groundwater Recharge for Assessing Carbon Emission from Groundwater Irrigation
Authors
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Post Harvest Technology, Central Agricultural University, Gangtok 737 135, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 64-73Abstract
In this study impact of climate change on groundwater recharge is investigated and the carbon emission from groundwater irrigation is assessed under projected climate change scenarios for Karnal district of Haryana state in India. HYDRUS-1D and MODFLOW models were used to simulate the climate change impacts on groundwater recharge for different projected climate change scenarios. Simulation results showed that groundwater recharge would increase marginally by 2030 over the baseline year of 2008 under the scenario based on ARIMA predictions, which considered the effect of all climate parameters. However, under the scenarios, which considered only rise in temperature, groundwater recharge would decrease by 0.07–0.22 m. Rise in temperature by 3.5°C and 4.3°C along with 9% and 16% increase in rainfall over the base year would increase the recharge by 0.09 m and 0.14 m respectively. The study also revealed that the effect of climate change on cumulative recharge would be more in sugarcane fields than in rice fields. Carbon emission of groundwater irrigation under the scenarios based on rise in temperature only would increase by a minimum of 12 kg CO2/ha in pearl millet crop by the year 2030 to a maximum of 3250 kg CO2/ha for sugarcane crop by the end of this century. Estimated total carbon emission in 2030 would be 345,857 metric tonne from groundwater irrigation in Karnal district which is 87,474 metric tonne more than the baseline emission.Keywords
Climate Change, Carbon Emission, Groundwater Modelling, Groundwater Recharge, HYDRUS, MODFLOW.References
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- Assessing Water Footprints and Virtual Water Flows in Gomti River Basin of India
Authors
1 ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Research Centre, Ranchi 834 010, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 721-728Abstract
This article analyses the blue, green and grey water footprints and virtual water flows within the Gomti river basin (GRB) in India. Assessments were made at spatial resolution of agricultural production units (APUs). An APU is a homogeneous spatial unit delineated on the basis of soil type, agro-ecological region and district boundaries. Water footprints of crop production and consumption were compared to arrive at virtual water balance within the GRB. Results show that water footprint of GRB was 12,773 million m3 year–1. Crop production was the largest water consumer accounting for 95.5% of water footprint within the basin. The higher proportion of blue water footprint (47.3%) indicates the dependence of GRB on irrigated agriculture. Contribution of rainfed agriculture to total water footprint was about 11.2%. Considerable portion of blue water is used in the production of low value water-intensive crops. The GRB was assessed as a net virtual water importer, indicating its dependence on the water resources of other river basins; it imports 2945 million m3 virtual water annually. This scenario can be changed if the area allocated to different water-intensive crops is optimized and limited to the extent that meets the consumption needs within the basin, leading to reduction in production surplus of these crops.Keywords
Economic Water Productivity, River Basin, Virtual Water Flow, Water Footprint.References
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- Study of a Snow Avalanche Accident Along Chowkibal–Tangdhar Road in Kupwara District, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors
1 Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Sector 37A, Chandigarh 160036,, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 969-972Abstract
An avalanche accident was occurred on 5 January 2018 on Chowkibal–Tangdhar road in Kupwara district, Jammu and Kashmir about 6 km from Chowkibal village. One light passenger vehicle was swept away in the avalanche and 10 persons lost their lives. In this communication, we study the cause of avalanche accident and simulate the snow avalanche flow using Rapid Mass MovementS model. Total snow depth recorded at the nearest observation location from the accident site was 31 cm and fresh snow of the storm was 24 cm. Avalanche condition on slope was building up and the Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment issued an avalanche warning of ‘Low Danger’ for the Chokibal–Tangdhar road axis. Maximum thickness of avalanche debris on road was observed to be 3.0 m. Flow simulation showed maximum velocity of avalanche to be ~25 ms–1, maximum impact pressure ~9.39 × 104 kg m–1 s–2 and maximum height of avalanche flow ~3.0 m.Keywords
Avalanche Accident, Mountainous Terrain, Snow Storm.References
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- Udaria-A New Liverwort Genus of Lophocoleaceae from Eastern Himalaya, India
Authors
1 Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata 700 064, IN
2 Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, Howrah 711 103, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 8 (2018), Pagination: 1536-1542Abstract
A new genus and species of liverwort, Udaria lamellicaulis gen. & sp. nov., referable to the family Lophocoleaceae is described from Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim in Eastern Himalaya, India. The new taxon can be easily differentiated from hitherto all the known genera of the family in the presence of longitudinal, 1-12 cells high seriately arranged lamelliform strips on the surface of stem, leaves and female bracts, striolate-rugulose leaf cuticle, rhizoids arising from the lamina of underleaves, gynoecia with 1-2 subfloral innovations and gemmiparous female bracts and bracteoles.Keywords
Bryophytes, Eastern Himalaya, Liverwort, Marchantiophyta, New Genus and Species, Udaria lamellicaulis.References
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- Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Drought and Aridity in Gomti Basin
Authors
1 Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 6 (2019), Pagination: 919-925Abstract
This study analyses the drought events for the Gomti basin in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at the spatial and temporal scales. Daily precipitation data for 14 districts in the Gomti basin for 41 years (1971–2011) were used to calculate the SPI for 1-month, 4-month, 6-month and 12-month time scales. Results for the 6-month (June–November) and 12-month time scales were similar and drought years were observed in 1972, 1979, 1987, 1993, 1994, 2002 and 2010. The 4-month SPI was analysed for the main monsoon months in the Gomti basin, i.e. from June to September. Results showed that significant drought occurred during the monsoon months of 1979, 1987, 1993, 2002, 2009 and 2010. For drought analysis at the spatial scale, the Kriging interpolation method available in ArcMap was used. The 12-month SPI showed that the frequency of severe and extreme drought was more in the upper regions of the basin during 1971–2000 whereas drought frequency was more in the central and lower regions of the basin during 2001–2011. Further, the de Martonne aridity index was calculated for the period 1971–2007 and its correlation with the 1-month SPI for the period 1971–2007 was evaluated.Keywords
De Martonne Aridity Index, Gomti Basin, Kriging Interpolation, Spatial and Temporal Drought Analysis, Standardized Precipitation Index.References
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- Wheat Production Functions Under Irrigated Saline Environment and Foliar Potassium Fertigation
Authors
1 Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Water Technology Centre, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
3 ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 12 (2020), Pagination: 1939-1945Abstract
A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years to develop management alternatives for wheat cultivars (salt-tolerant and salt non-tolerant) cultivated under irrigated saline environment (groundwater, 4, 8 and 12 dS m–1) and foliar potassium fertigation. The grain yield of wheat cultivars decreased with the increase in salinity levels of irrigation water. The foliar potassium fertigation during the heading stage of wheat cultivars ameliorated the adverse effect of salinity and resulted in the increase in grain yield. In this study, empirical equations for wheat yield known as production function have been developed. The production functions were developed keeping grain yield parameter as output, besides the many input parameters pertaining to quantity and quality of the irrigation water, quantity of potassium applied as foliar spray and rainfall depth during the crop growth period. The production function with higher coefficient of determination (R2) may be used to predict grain yield of both salt-tolerant and salt non-tolerant cultivars under different saline irrigation regimes, rainfall and irrigation water depths, besides the dose of potassium sulphate (K2SO4) for foliar spray. The production function which gave the highest R2 value (i.e. 0.82 for KRL-1-4 and 0.97 for HD 2894 wheat cultivars) could be used for foliar spray under different salinity regimes with high expectation of grain yield. The predicted grain yield and estimated quantity of potassium under different salinity levels of irrigation water may prove useful to different stakeholders for enhancing the wheat yield in high saline water areas. The stakeholders can predict the grain yield under similar circumstances as explained in this experiment and estimate the appropriate potassium doses to be applied for enhancing the wheat yield.Keywords
Foliar Potassium Fertigation, Irrigation Water, Production Function, Salt-Tolerant Cultivar, Wheat Yield.References
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