Informatics Publishing Limited

Sushma Gupta ¹, D. K. Gupta ²

Affiliations
1 Institute of Southern African Studies, National University of Lesotho Roma, LS
2 Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, ET

Abstract

This paper gives a comprehensive account of the development of library and information science education in Africa. Ghana was first to start any kind of library education in 1944 but the formal education started at Ibadan, Nigeria in 1959. By 1970 there were 6 library schools; 4 new schools started during 1970s and another 6 during 1980s. Two Regional schools with Master's Programme in Information Science started in 1990. Two new schools are likely to start soon. Nigeria alone has 8 schools providing professional education at all levels including PhD (which is available only in Nigeria) and an exclusive programme of Master in Information Science at ARCIS, Ibadan. Several schools, realising the importance of new developments in information science and technology, are planning to incorporate this component into their curriculae. The existing programmes need to be assessed in the context of information needs of Africa.

Keywords

Library and Information Science, Education, Africa, Development.

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Kaushal Kumar ¹, S. K. Garg ², D. K. Gupta ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agro Processing and Rural Engineering, Mahamaya College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology (N.D.U.A.T.), Akabarpur, Ambedkarnagar (U.P.), IN
2 College of Agriculture (J.N.K.V.V.), Ganjbasoda (M.P.), IN
3 Department of PHP & FE, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand), IN

Abstract

Moisture dependent physical properties of Bhatt (Black soybean) were evaluated in the moisture range from 8.67 to 25 per cent (d.b). The moisture content had significant effect on the physical properties of Bhatt. The length, width and thickness varied in the range of 4.87 to 7.8 mm, 3.12 to 5.5 and 2.34 to 4.02mm at moisture content of 8.67 per cent (db) to 25.00 per cent (db). The geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area and volume of the grain were in the range of 4.565 to 5.011mm, 0.704 to 0.723, 65.105 to 75.116mm² and 10.847 to 12.515mm³, respectively. Thousand Kernel weight varied from 59.89 to 66.84 g along with the associated standard deviation in the range of 1.562 to 7.739 at moisture content range of 8.67 per cent to 25.00 per cent (db). The bulk density and true density decreased with increase in the moisture content and were in the ranges of 646.48 to 695.35 kg/m³ and 1169.60 to 1193.40 kg/m³ along with associated standard deviation in the range of 1.300 to 2.479 for bulk density and 2.157 to 6.730 for true density, respectively. The value of porosity was found 0.417 at 8.67 per cent moisture content and 0.445 at 25.00 per cent moisture content.

Keywords

Physical Properties, Bhatt, Black Soybean.

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