Informatics Publishing Limited

C. Kannan ¹, M. Karthik ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Regional Station, Vittal 574243, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Certain rhizosphere organisms called plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are capable of inducing systemic defense in plants by enhancing the activity of defense enzymes produced in the plant system. In an experiment conducted in pot cultured seedlings of cocoa, three biocontrol agents, viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride, were able to promote the activity of the defense enzymes (called PR proteins), viz., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenyl alanine ammonia lyase, catalase and chitinase in the plants when applied in the soil. The results showed that the biocontrol agents varied in their ability to activate different enzymes and sustain their persistence in the seedlings, P. fluorescens being the best in inducing the defense enzymes.

Keywords

Induced Resistance, PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, Rhizosphere, Biocontrol.

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C. Kannan ¹

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur 482 001, Madhya Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Lagascea mollis (=Nocca mollis (Cav.) Jacq. commonly known as Velvet weed or Silk leaf weed) is native of Tropical Central America and is an invasive annual herb belonging to the family Asteraceae. It is found to occur in most parts of the country, grows on cultivated land and in pastures along field bunds, roadsides and channels. It grows throughout the year but appears severe in the late Kharif (monsoon) and early Rabi (winter) seasons (July to November) natural infection by the rust pathogen, identified as Puccinia noccae was found to occur on the weed in and around the fields of Jabalpur district. The pathogen survives as dormant teliospores and on favorable climatic conditions produces the uredospores, which are the pathogenic stage of its life cycle. The disease appears as scattered dull brown individual spots on the underside of the leaves, which later develops into rusty brown raised spots containing the urediniospores. The pathogen affects the green leaves and the bracts. General observations and host range studies indicated that P. noccae is highly specific on L. mollis and hence may be used as a biocontrol agent against L. mollis.

Keywords

Lagascea mollis, Puccinia noccae, Silk Leaf Weed, Velvet Weed, Weed Biocontrol.

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G. Appasami ¹, C. Kannan ¹, K. Suresh Joseph ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of CSE, Dr. Pauls Engineering College, Anna University of Technology-Chennai, Villupuram, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, IN

Abstract

The main objectives of Test Automation are minimizing cost, time and man power. Initially web pages are developed by HTML pages. But now web applications are developed by new technologies like Moonlight, Silverlight, JAVAFX, FLEX, etc. Accessing and automating of Silverlight and moonlight controls are not so easy because of their security and technology. The manually testing of complex software becomes more difficult and challenging task. Moonlight is a new Micro Soft .NET technology to develop rich interactive and attractive Internet web applications with the collaboration of Novel Corporation with Linux support. Testing these kinds of applications are not so easy, especially the User interface test automation is very difficult for these kinds of web applications.  In this paper we propose a framework for moonlight web applications test automation. It has the capability to decrease the overall cost of testing and improve software quality, but most testing organizations have not been able to achieve the full potential of test automation. Sometimes test automation programs run into a number of common pitfalls because of its design and architecture failure. In this paper we first discussed some of the key benefits of software test automation, and then examine the most common techniques used to implement software test automation of Moonlight web applications Test Automation and their potentials. Finally, The Architecture design and implementation of Test Automation for Moonlight web applications.

Keywords

Graphical User Interface Test Automation, Moonlight Web Applications Automation.

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S. Gomathi ¹, R. Shanmuga Sundaram ², M. Vijayabaskaran ¹, C. Kannan ³, R. Sambathkumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JKK Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (Dist), Tamil Nadu - 638183, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, JKK Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (Dist), Tamil Nadu - 638183, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, JKK Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, Namakkal (Dist), Tamil Nadu - 638183, IN

Abstract

Background: Studies of antioxidant substances in foods and natural products have gained increasing interest. The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases are increasing globally. Effective treatment is necessary to minimize the neuronal damage and oxidative stress. Traditional medicines offer potent pharmacological activity with minimal side effects compared to synthetic drugs to treat such chronic disorders. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of ethanol extract of Pedalium murex Linn. (EEPM) leaves against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia. Materials and Methods: Neurodegeneration was induced in rats with a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (1 mg/kg). The neuroprotective activity was investigated following LPS-induced endotoxemia and then subjecting the animals to a battery of behavioural tests such as open field test (OFT), elevated plus-maze (EPM) and forced swim test (FST) to test anxiety and depression. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed, brain hippocampal region was isolated and biochemical parameters were analysed. Results: These results highlight the neuroprotective potential of EEPM in LPS-induced anxiety and depressive illness model which may be partially due to inhibition of oxidative stress-neuroinflammatory cascade. Conclusion: The present study proved that EEPM has promising anti-anxiety, antidepressant action and can be potential candidates for the management of LPS-induced neurodegeneration.

Keywords

Anxiety, Depression, Lipopolysaccharide, Oxidative Stress, Neuroprotection.

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