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Varma, Bhavya
- Phytoremediation using an Indigenous Crop Plant (wheat): the Uptake of Methyl Parathion and Metabolism of P-nitrophenol
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Fr. Cecil J. Saldanha Centre for Experimental Research in Bioscience, St. Joseph’s College Research Center, Post Box. 27094, 46, Langford Road, Bangalore - 560027, India
2 School of Natural Science and Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore- 560012, India
1 Fr. Cecil J. Saldanha Centre for Experimental Research in Bioscience, St. Joseph’s College Research Center, Post Box. 27094, 46, Langford Road, Bangalore - 560027, India
2 School of Natural Science and Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore- 560012, India
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 12 (2011), Pagination: 1661-1667Abstract
Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for degradation of organophosphate pesticides. Rhizofiltration, soil microorganisms and rhizosphere play an important role in phytoremediation. For this purpose, experiments were carried out to analyze the pesticide uptake by plants and residue in the soil under controlled and experimental conditions. Organophosphate pesticide binds to both organic matter and antibiotic streptomycin. Streptomycin inhibits the activity of the enzyme (p-nitrophenol 4-hydroxylase) extracted from ischolar_main and shoot. The results obtained from UVvisible spectrophotometer were confirmed by HPLC analysis. Wheat plants enhanced uptake/degradation of methyl parathion, p-nitrophenol and hydroquinone in unsterilized soil by 64.85%, 94.7% and 55.8% respectively. Methyl parathion hydrolyzes to p-nitrophenol, which is further metabolized to hydroquinone with nitrite release. The enzyme pnitrophenol 4-hydroxylase is active as evidenced by release of nitrite by leaf and ischolar_main extracts and also by the appearance of hydroquinone in the reaction mixture.Keywords
Phytoremediation, Streptomycin, Methyl Parathion, p-nitrophenol, Hydroquinone, Pesticide DegradationFull Text
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- Mechanism of Phytoremediation: Study of uptake and Metabolism of Methyl Parathion and p-Nitrophenol in Maize
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Fr. Cecil J. Saldanha Centre for Experimental Research in Bioscience, St. Joseph's College Research Centre, 46 Langford Road, Bangalore-560027, Karnataka, IN
1 Fr. Cecil J. Saldanha Centre for Experimental Research in Bioscience, St. Joseph's College Research Centre, 46 Langford Road, Bangalore-560027, Karnataka, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 10, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 511-516Abstract
Phytoremediation is a green technology, where plants are used to remove contaminants (organic or inorganic) from soil. This is the first report of using an indigenous plant for the purpose of phytoremediation. Maize, a crop plant has been used for this purpose where uptake of methyl parathion by the plant has been shown to occur 80%. Average uptake of p-nitrophenol is 64%. Streptomycin behaves like organic matter and affects the enzyme p-nitrophenol 4-hydroxylase both in the ischolar_main and shoot. The enzyme has been demonstrated to occur in a plant for the first time. Influence of soil organisms is both positive and negative in the uptake of organophosphate. The results obtained were confirmed by HPLC. Methyl parathion hydrolyses to p-nitrophenol, which is further metabolized to hydroquinone with nitrite release. Maize showed an uptake of 31.29% of methyl parathion in unsterilized soil. In the presence of streptomycin and in unsterilized soil uptake of hydroquinone is 99.78% and 98.36% respectively, while in sterilized soil there was no degradation.Keywords
Phytoremediation, Methyl Parathion, P-Nitrophenol, Hydroquinone.Full Text