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Karthikeyan, B.
- Magnetic and Thermal Studies of Zn Doped Forsterite Ceramic Nanomaterial
Abstract Views :432 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu - 626005, IN
2 Physics Research Centre, VHNSN College, Virudhunagar - 626001, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Physics, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu - 626005, IN
2 Physics Research Centre, VHNSN College, Virudhunagar - 626001, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Surface Science and Technology, Vol 33, No 3-4 (2017), Pagination: 96-100Abstract
The present study emphasizes the unique magnetic and thermal properties of nano-ceramic forsterite (pure and Zn doped) powder synthesized by mechanical activation technique and subsequent annealing, using the raw materials talc, periclase and zinc oxide. The structural properties of the samples were studied using XRD technique. The magnetic measurements of pure and the cation Zn2+ substituted samples were done by using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature. The hysteresis (M-H) curves were obtained for both the samples and they clearly show the existence of ferromagnetic behavior of the as synthesized samples. The results of VSM analysis show that the saturation magnetization (Ms), the coercive field (Hc) and retentivity (Mr) were found to be increased with Zn doping. The values of Ms for the undoped and doped forsterite nanomaterials are found to be 9.47 × 10-3 emu/g and 13.68 × 10-3 emu/g respectively. The thermal behaviour of the samples was investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique over a temperature range of 30-450°C. The specific heat capacities for the samples were also calculated using the DSC data.Keywords
Forsterite, Magnetic Properties, Nanoparticles, Thermal Analysis.References
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- Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization based Load Balancing with Geographic Routing using Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (EPSOGPSR) for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs)
Abstract Views :209 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor (SG), Department of Computer Science, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, IN
1 Assistant Professor (SG), Department of Computer Science, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 15, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 6028 - 6033Abstract
EPSO-GPSR (Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization-based Load Balancing with Geographic Routing using Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing), a unique strategy designed specifically for WSNs, is presented in this work. Using Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) to provide load balancing across sensor nodes, the proposed EPSO-GPSR technique reduces energy disparities and increases the operational lifetime of the network. Additionally, it interfaces with the geographic routing protocol Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) to enable effective data forwarding based on geographic locations, minimizing communication overhead and improving scalability. EPSO-GPSR's efficacy is shown against traditional load balancing and routing methods via comprehensive simulations and performance assessments. The network lifetime, energy efficiency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and delay have all significantly showed better performance, according to the results. Additionally, the EPSO-GPSR algorithm demonstrates robustness against node failures and issues related to scalability, indicating a significant potential for real-world implementation in various WSN scenarios.Keywords
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks, load balancing, network lifetime, throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, routing, greedy perimeter, stateless routing.References
- Qian, L., Wu, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2008). Greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) based on energy balance for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Networking, SENSORS and Applications (ICNSA) (pp. 211-215). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/ICNSA.2008.4588605
- Xu, Y., Zhang, D., & Hu, L. (2006). Energy-efficient greedy perimeter stateless routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2006 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WICNM 2006) (pp. 89-92). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/WICNM.2006.4698389
- Lin, C., & Sun, Y. (2009). An improved GPSR routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks based on energy balance. In 2009 Second International Conference on Networks and Communication (NeTCom '09) (pp. 174-178). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/NeTCOM.2009.4799641
- Chen, C., & Yu, Z. (2010). A novel energy-efficient GPSR routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks based on adaptive multi-level clustering. In 2010 7th International Conference on Wireless Communications Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM '10) (pp. 468-472). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/WiCOM.2010.5679330
- Zong, K., Xu, X., Xu, W., & Zhang, H. (2011). An improved GPSR routing protocol based on energy balance and multi-hop for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2011 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM '11) (pp. 449-453). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/WiCOM.2011.6014133
- Wang, J., & Li, J. (2012). An improved GPSR routing protocol based on energy balance and ant colony optimization for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2012 International Conference on Computer Science and Information Engineering (CSIE 2012) (pp. 166-170). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/CSIE.2012.6896350
- Kumar, D., & Lohan, A. (2013). An energy-efficient GPSR routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks based on fuzzy logic. In 2013 10th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM 2013) (pp. 641-645). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/WiCOM.2013.6755724
- Bera, S., & Sahu, P. K. (2014). An enhanced GPSR routing protocol based on hybrid clustering and multi-path routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2014 International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS 2014) (pp. 227-232). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/ICACCS.2014.6810410
- Al-Jarrah, A. A., & Mourad, H. (2016). A hybrid GPSR-AODV routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2016 International Conference on Networked Systems (NETSYS) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/NETSYS.2016.7713382
- Ali, M. Y. M., & Shehab, M. A. (2017). An improved GPSR routing protocol based on energy efficiency and load balancing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. In 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Wireless & Mobile Computing, Networking & Communication (WiMob) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. doi: 10.1109/WiMob