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Anupama, B.
- Assessment of Water Quality in Madiwala Lake, Bangalore in Relation to Faecal Contamination
Authors
1 Department of Environmental Science, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560 056, Karnataka, IN
Source
Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, Vol 8, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 497-501Abstract
Tanks in and around urban areas of Bangalore receive considerable amount of sewage, which has caused a severe and persistent microbial pollution. The main objective of this study was to measure level of faecal contamination in Madiwala lake using different techniques of E. coli estimation. Results show that the golden green colonies of coliforms with metallic sheen showed a luxuriant growth at 35°C with M-Endo Agar (M1106) at incubation time of 24-48 hrs. The growth of both E. coli and Enterobacter aerogens using M-Endo Agar plate was also luxuriant at 35°C temperature. But E. aerogens colonies were pink and mucoid while that of E. coli varied from pink to rose-red with metallic sheen. The confirmatory test using Agar M-392 confirmed the presence of Enterococcus fecalis in yellow colour colonies at luxuriant growth of 35°C temperature. The presumptive test results of different volumes of the lake samples after 24 and 48 hours using lauryl tryptose broth indicated significant colour change, gas production, and turbidity. Confirmed results showed gas production in brilliant green using lactose bile broth at 37°C in 48 hrs. The completed result with EMB agar inoculated with positively confirmed test tube incubated at for 24 hrs at 35°C showed greenish metallic sheen colonies while the coliform colonies inoculated on Nutrient Agar slant and a broth tube incubated for 48 hrs at 35°C showed growth as observed on slant with gas production in the broth tube. Moreover, Gram staining results showed Gram negative with sporing rods in the tested samples. The MPN Index of the lake sample was found to be 38/100mL. Water is generally considered safe for drinking if it contains fewer than 4 coliforms/100 mL. It is also considered safe if it contains less than 2 Enterococcus bacteria colonies/100mL of a sample. These observations indicate that environmental status of Madiwala lake with respect to microbial pollution is continuing to deteriorate.Keywords
Madiwala Lake, Water Quality, Faecal Contamination, E. coli, Enterococcus fecalis, Enterobacter aerogens.Full Text
- Synthesis, Characterization, DNA Binding and Antimicrobial Activity of Copper (II) Complexes with 4-Aminoantipyrine Schiff Bases
Authors
1 Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 10 (2011), Pagination: 1529-1535Abstract
The Schiff bases namely 5-Me SALAAP, 3-OMe SALAAP, 3-Br, 5-Cl SALAAP have been prepared by reacting 4- amino antipyrine with 5-methyl salicylaldehyde/3-methoxy salicylaldeyde /3-Br, 5-Cl salicylaldehyde. The Cu(II) complexes have been prepared by reacting copper(II) chloride with those of Schiff bases in alcoholic medium .The complexes are non electrolytes in DMSO. These have been characterized by using elemental analysis, IR, UV-VIs, 1H, 13C NMR, Mass spectra, ESR spectra, Magnetic susceptibility, conductance measurements and thermal (TGA and DTA) anaylsis. The complexes were found to have composition ML2.On basis of elemental and spectral studies, six coordinated geometry is assigned for these complexes. The Schiff bases act as tridentate and coordinate through the azomethine nitrogen, carbonyl oxygen and phenolic oxygen respectively. Binding of synthesized complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) was studied by spectroscopic methods. The synthesized ligands and their metal complexes were screened against bacteria. (E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus). The activity data show that the metal complexes are more potent than Schiff bases.
Keywords
Schiff Bases, Aminoantipyrine, DNA Binding , Cu (II)Complexes, Microbial Activity.
- Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Molecular Modeling and Antimicrobial Studies of Transition Metal Complexes and the Schiff Base Derived From 3-Formylchromone and Tryptamine
Authors
1 Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh-500 007, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 7 (2011), Pagination: 1043-1049Abstract
An attempt to find alternative ways of producing polymers from non-petroleum oil specifically, soybean oil, was A series of Cu(II) , Ni(II) , Co(II) , Mn(II) and Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized from the novel schiff base ligand L. The schiff base ligand 3-[(2-(1H-indole-3-yl)ethylimino)methyl]-4H-chromen-4-one (L) has been synthesized by the reaction between chromone-3-carbaldehyde and tryptamine. The nature of bonding and geometry of the transition metal complexes as well as schiff base ligand L have been deduced from elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, ESR spectral studies, mass, thermal (TGA and DTA) analysis, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance measurements. All the metal ions are forming 1:1(M:L) metal complexes. Based on elemental, conductance and spectral studies, six-coordinated geometry was assigned for Mn(II) and Co(II) complexes, fourcoordinated geometry was assigned for Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes. Except cobalt complex remaining four metal ion complexes are neutral in DMSO, cobalt complex is 1:1 electrolyte. The ligand L acts as bidentate and coordinates through nitrogen atom of azomethine group and oxygen atom of keto group of γ-pyrone ring. The 3D molecular modeling and energies of all the compounds are furnished and their analysis for bond length has been carried out for one of the representive complexes. The biological activity of the ligand and its complexes have been studied on E.coli, and Edwardella by well disc and fusion method and found that some of the metal chelates are more active than the free schiff base ligand.
Keywords
Chromone-3-Carbaldehyde, Schiff Base Ligand, Transition Metal Complexes, Molecular Modeling, Biological Activity.- New Visible Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Nepafenac
Authors
1 K.V.S.R. Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada-520010, AP, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 611-612Abstract
Two simple and sensitive visible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the estimation of Nepafenac in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. These methods are based on the oxidative coupling reaction between MBTH(3-Methyl-2-bezothiazolinone hydrazone) and Nepafenac resulting in the formation of pink colored chromogen ( λmax 540 nm) and the complex formation between Potassium permanganate and Nepafenac resulting in the formation of blood red colored chromogen (λmax 425 nm). The absorbance is measured against the corresponding reagent blanks. These methods have been statistically evaluated and found to be precise and accurate.
Keywords
MBTH(3-Methyl-2-bezothiazolinone hydrazone), Coupling, Spectrophotometry.- Determination of Clopidogrel Bisulphate in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by RP- HPLC
Authors
1 K.V.S.R. Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada – 520010, A.P., IN
2 Vignan College of Pharmacy, Guntur, A.P., IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry, Vol 4, No 2 (2011), Pagination: 254-256Abstract
A simple and precise RPHPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of clopidogrel bisulphate in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out using Inertsil ODS-3 column with 250x4.6mm i.d, and having 5μ particle size was used. Acetonitrile:0.05%Formicacid (80:20) as the mobile phase at a flow rate 1.2 ml/min. The analyte was monitored using UV detector at 240 nm. The Retention time of the drug was 6.4min for clopidogrel bisulphate. The proposed method was found to have linearity in the concentration range of 7.5– 17.5 μg/ml. The developed method has been statistically validated and found simple and accurate in bulk and dosage forms.
Keywords
Clopidogrel Bisulphate, RP-HPLC.- Investigation of Wrightia Tinctoria Extract Activity on Alopecia Using In-silco And In-vivo Studies
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh,, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh,, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, Tamilnadu,, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 2 (2022), Pagination: 643-649Abstract
There are many drugs for alopecia such as minoxidil, glucocorticoids, sulfasalazine, nitric oxide, and vitamin D3. Hair loss is also known as alopecia, or baldness commonly refers to hair loss from either a portion of a head or body. Fresh Leaves, and bark from twigs of Wrightia tinctoria were taken and used for extraction. A phytochemical assessment was continued to carry out on W.tinctoria extract and the presence of aromatic hydrogen and aromatic protons was demonstrated by spectral characterization. Insilco studies were done. Compounds 1and6 shown more docking values than the minoxidil and Swiss ADME confirmed that the compounds can enter the blood-brain barrier and not the substrates of PgP carriers. In vivo evaluation of alopecia activity using albino male, Wistar rats were done by comparing it with standard drug involves the evaluation of in vivo hair development activities of W.tinctoria extract. It also involves histopathological studies which include the action of hair growth at anagen and telogen phases on 15th and 30th day. The study indicates that the material elements of W.tinctoria which include Quercetin and Indirubin playing a critical role in hair promoting activity.Keywords
Wrightia tinctoria, Alopecia, Coconut oil, Minoxidil, Anagen phase, Telogen phase.References
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