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Pandit, Arun
- Effective Carbon Management for Carbon Market Compliance by the Rural Sector in India
Abstract Views :223 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, IN
1 ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 11 (2016), Pagination: 1780-1786Abstract
The increasing concentration of green house gases (GHG) in atmosphere and its dramatic impact on global environment drive countries around the globe to reduce their share of global GHG emission into the atmosphere. The GHG reducing mechanisms are traded under three Kyoto mechanisms namely; joint implementation (JI), clean development mechanism (CDM) and emissions trading (ET). Under CDM, developing countries can invest in carbon emissionreduction technologies and earn certified emission reduction credits which can be then traded in the carbon market. In India, most of the carbon projects are implemented in the energy sector. Very few projects are concerned with rural development. Also, carbon projects in India are not compliant with the policy of IPCC 2007 which says that sustainable development must have environmental, economic and social dimensions. Most of the projects are implemented by the private sector or companies and rarely rural livelihood aspect is considered. The study explores opportunities and intervention in the rural sector to harness the benefits of carbon projects in India. Three important areas of rural economy, viz. agriculture, forestry and energy management were discussed in detail where carbon emission can be managed to earn carbon credits. The article discusses the limitations of carbon trading and concludes by suggesting a road map for strengthening and making the rural sector compliant with carbon market for carbon trading.Keywords
Agriculture, Carbon Markets, Energy Management, Rural Sector.Full Text
- Fishers’ Livelihood Diversification in Bhagirathi–Hooghly Stretch of Ganga River in India
Abstract Views :187 |
PDF Views:73
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, IN
1 ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700 120, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 10 (2019), Pagination: 1748-1752Abstract
For the resource-poor fishers, livelihood diversification is a strategy to cope with the uncertainties and inadequateness of fisheries as a profession. The present study is an attempt to assess the socioeconomic conditions together with livelihood diversification of fishermen households of the Bhagirathi– Hooghly stretch of Ganga River. Data were collected by personally interviewing 500 fishermen from Sagar to Farakka (560 km stretch) in West Bengal using survey schedules in 2016. Analysis of data indicated that the socio-economic conditions of fishermen households were not encouraging. Fishing is the main occupation of around 88.60% of fishers and overall, fishing contributes about 70.30% to the total income of the family. Average number of income-generating activities per household ranged from 1.43 in the lower stretch to 1.79 in the upper stretch. Further, it was found that not only the average household income and number of income sources were limited, their level of diversification was also quite low. The monthly income of a household was found to be Rs 9391. The income is higher in the lower stretch because of higher catch and high value fish in the catch. Fishery as an only profession is unable to provide a decent life. The study also revealed that among other factors, the Simpson index contributes positively and significantly towards per capita income of the fisher households. However, in the absence of suitable alternative opportunities, the resource is under pressure. Government needs to develop appropriate strategies to facilitate successful livelihood diversification. Facilities may be created for non-fishing activities like fish marketing kiosks, cloth weaving facilities, agro-processing in fruit orchard areas, e-rickshaws and so on. Fishers may be trained in other income-generating activities like carpentry, embroidery, dress making, driving, etc. for better livelihood.Keywords
Diversification, Ganga, India, Occupation, Riverine Fisher.Full Text
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