Informatics Publishing Limited

Arnab Jana ¹, Noboru Harata ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JP

Abstract

Outpatient health trips in India, are often undertaken by a group of people rather than independently. The formation of such groups is not only due to the urgency of illness, but also owing to several anticipated complexities and barriers, and companionship is an adaptation strategy to counter such impedances. Under the supply constraints and inequality of services, coupled with irregularities of public transportation system and design barriers, the study estimated models to elaborate the role and necessity of companions. The implication of this research is three fold; firstly it elaborates on the vitality of the companions during health trips countering several constraints, secondly, the significant effects of various impedance of accessibility can be identified for policy evaluation and thirdly, the humanitarian service of the community especially during the people in need. This paper tries to highlight the need for seamless accessibility for the ill to the health facility, such that people are independent in their health activity and choice. Companionship in terms of altruism explains the cohesiveness between members, while, companionship driven by dependency elucidates inaccessibility and delay.

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Somsubhra Ghosh ¹, Arnab Jana ¹, Beduin Mahanti ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, Howrah, W. B-711316, IN

Abstract

For centuries, our sense of smell has been used as a diagnostic tool in the practice of medicine, be it for recognising gas gangrene on the battle field or diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency room. In recent decades, many scent detection studies have been performed with human, animal and electronic noses. The ability of humans to diagnose disease by smelling has only rarely been the subject of quantitative studies. Scent detection by animals, on the other hand, has been addressed in several diagnostic studies, which all suggest similar or even superior accuracy compared with standard diagnostic methods. Examples include, amongst many others, the use of dogs for the detection of lung cancer in breath samples, or rats for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection in sputum. Studies using different types of electronic noses in conditions such as pulmonary disease and cancer have also shown promising results with high overall sensitivity and specificity. However, results of different types of noses are not easily general sable and independent confirmation studies are generally lacking, which should be a focus for future research. Scent detection by animals and electronic noses holds promise for the future and should receive higher priority in terms of research effort and funding.

Keywords

Cancer, Trained Dog, Blood Sugar, Medical Detection, Sence.

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