Informatics Publishing Limited

Narendra Singh , Gursharan Singh , Amod Kumar , Tsering Stobden

Abstract

Performance of different high altitude plant species was observed in avalanches affected area at the top ofJawahar Tunnel (3200 m amsl) situated on Jammu-Srinagar National Highway (NH-1A) near Banlhal, J &K. Seabuckthron (HippopluIe rhamnoide), willow (Salix alba), poplar (Populus nigra) and elegnus (Elaeagnus angustifolia) saplings were planted in first week of April 2008 at the site under the study. Higher plant survival percentage, number of branches/plant and number of leaves/branch were recorded in seabuckthorn followed by willow after three months and sixteen months of plantation. Maximum length of branch and percentage of stem diameter increased were recorded with willow than all the other plant species at both the stages. Overall better growth performance of all the studied species were observed at northern aspect as compared to the southern aspect.

Keywords

Avalanche, Afforestation, Eco-environment, Plant Species

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B. K. Sharma ¹, Amod Kumar ¹, V. M. Murthy ²

Affiliations
1 Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh - 160 030, IN
2 Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra - 136 119, IN

Abstract

Identification of seismic events from continuously recorded seismic data in real-time through a Digital Seismic Data Recording system is a difficult task. Despite the vast amount of research in this field, the signal processing and event parameters discrimination algorithms have not yet fully come of age. Presently, we have a wide spectrum of trigger algorithms, ranging from a very simple amplitude threshold type to the sophisticated ones based on pattern recognition approaches. Some of the other approaches use adaptive technique and neural network methods. Researchers are continuously making efforts for the development of algorithms using various techniques, which produce minimum false trigger. Some approaches have been reported which are accurate for detecting first phase of events and take minimum possible computational time. In this paper several approaches for detecting event signals in background noise are presented and their precision evaluation is discussed.

Keywords

Seismic Events, Detection, Algorithms.

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Jyotika Chopra ¹, Amod Kumar ², Ashwani Kumar Aggarwal ³, Anupma Marwaha ⁴

Affiliations
1 ECE, SLIET, Longowal, Punjab,, IN
2 Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh, IN
3 EIE, SLIET, Longowal, Punjab, IN
4 ECE, SLIET, Longowal, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Biometric system finds applications in crime prevention, banking, personnel identification etc. With advancement of electronics and information technology, sophisticated biometric systems have come to existence. However, there are still many issues and challenges which need to be addressed in this area. In this paper, we give the basic modules of biometric system, enumerate the various security aspects and the methodologies to tackle them. Specifically, the role of watermarking and its implications and selection of suitable watermarking technique for a given biometric system have been discussed. Comparative study of various watermarking methods has also been done.

Keywords

Biometric System, Image Processing, Signal Enhancement, Security, Watermarking, Performance Indices.

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