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Agarwal, Alpana
- Prevalence of Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis and Bacterial Vaginosis among Women of Reproductive Age Group
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad (UP)
2 Department of Microbiology, ESI-PGIMSR, ESI Hospital, New Delhi,India
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad (UP)
1 Department of Microbiology, Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad (UP)
2 Department of Microbiology, ESI-PGIMSR, ESI Hospital, New Delhi,India
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad (UP)
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 4, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 94-98Abstract
Background: Vaginal symptoms are leading reason for patients to visit gynecologist. Few data are available on prevalence of different causes of vaginitis.
Objective: To find out prevalence of Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis and bacterial Vaginosis among the women of reproductive age group.
Method: 400 sexually active married women attended gynecology OPD and ANC clinic at Santosh Hospital, Ghaziabad included in study. Participants were interviewed and structured questionnaire were filled. Two high vaginal swabs were collected from each woman. One swab was used for making smear and other used for culture on SDA. Candidiasis was detected by presence of curdy white discharge, Gram stain and culture on SDA. Trichomoniasis was detected by presence of green yellow frothy discharge, Wet mount and Papanicolaou stain. Bacterial Vaginosis was detected by presence of homogenous white or grey discharge, Amsel method and Gram stain.
Results: Over all prevalence of vaginitis was 47.75 %. The prevalence of Candidiasis was 54.5% by Gram stain and 21.5% by culture method. The prevalence of Trichomoniasis was 12% by Wet mount and 8.75% by Pap stain. The prevalence of bacterial Vaginosis was 24% by Amsel criteria and 29% by Gram stain.
Conclusions: This study raised an awareness regarding high vulnerability of women in reproductive age group for vaginitis. The study reveals that prevalence of candidiasis is 21.5%, trichomoniasis 8.75% and bacterial vaginosis 29% .
Keywords
Vaginitis, Prevalence, Candidiasis, Trichomoniasis, Bacterial Vaginosis, Reproductive Tract Infection
References
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- Impact of Vitamin C Supplementation on Utilization of Calories, Protein and Iron on Anaemia of PEM
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Authors
Affiliations
1 11/1, Mural Mohalla Sanyogitaganj, Indore (MP) - 451001, IN
1 11/1, Mural Mohalla Sanyogitaganj, Indore (MP) - 451001, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 35, No 1 (1998), Pagination: 14-19Abstract
Pre-school children constitute an important vulnerable segment of population from the nutritional stand point. Protein Energy Malnutrition and anaemia are two of the most widespread public health problems involving pre-school children of the developing countries including India, in epidemic proportion. The result of community surveys have shown that over 50 percent of toddlers in the poor socioeconomic groups in India are anaemic, while 70-80 per cent of children suffer from various forms of growth retardation due to PEM.- Examining Dimensions of Flexibility under Uncertainty
Abstract Views :268 |
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Authors
Alpana Agarwal
1,
Prem Vrat
2
Affiliations
1 GL Bajaj Institute of Management & Research, Greater Noida, IN
2 The NorthCap University, Gurugram, IN
1 GL Bajaj Institute of Management & Research, Greater Noida, IN
2 The NorthCap University, Gurugram, IN
Source
Abhigyan, Vol 37, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 1-10Abstract
The importance of Organizational flexibility in organizational setting is essential in today's VUCA environment. Increased flexibility will be conducive to the necessary compliance and dynamism of globalized culture and turbulent environments. Given the need to examine the dynamics of flexibility, this paper is intending to explore the key factors, which influences the process of incorporation of flexibility; or influenced by incorporated flexibility in organizational settings. In first part of the paper, rigorous literature review identifies the various elements or dimensions of flexibility. In the later part the most relevant flexibility dimensions are ranked in order to find out key dimensions influencing organizational flexibility. The findings of this study provide evidence that there are nine dimensions of flexibility, i.e. functional, strategic, numerical, human resource, structural, financial, team, turbulence and significant others. Incorporating these flexibility dimensions in practice can support achievement of organizational excellence. Analysis of opinion of management professionals collected through survey questionnaire shows that strategic, functional and structural flexibilities are the key dimensions in successfully shaping the organization in new and turbulent environment.Keywords
Dynamic Environment, Organizational Flexibility, Flexibility Dimensions, Garrette Ranking, Stability, Turbulent Environment.References
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