Informatics Publishing Limited

Ali Ghaffari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR

Abstract

Reliable and energy efficient routing protocols are considered as critical issues of discussion in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In this paper, we proposed a novel scheme based on Wireless Sensor Networks for Ocean Status Notification System (WOSNS) so that the environmental conditions of the oceans can be monitored. According to the proposed approach, all the sensed data in each area will be transmitted to the related cluster head; then, they will be forwarded to the nearest sink. We used two sinks in appropriate positions. We used the proposed Smart Inner Routing Algorithm (SIRA) for routing data from the cluster heads to the related sink. Furthermore, we proposed a Binary Recursive Convergent (BRC) algorithm for aggregating data in each area. Multi-hop delivery was used to conduct the routing operations. We also introduced a Bidirectional Duplicate Elimination Technique (BDET to eliminate the duplicate data of the sinks. Simulation results indicated that the proposed method is better than the other protocols in terms of average delivery ratio, network lifetime and network traffic.

Keywords

Energy Efficiency, Ocean Environment, Routing Protocol, Reliability, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

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Maryam Molani ¹, Ali Ghaffari ², Ahmad Jafarian ³

Affiliations
1 1Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, West Azerbaijan, IR
2 2Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR
3 3Department of Mathematics, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia,, IR

Abstract

The use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is growing day by day in various areas of software engineering and the relevant studies are significantly focused on the software project cost estimation. The problem of high accuracy cost estimation is one of the most important issues, which is still a challenge for researchers in the area of software. In this paper, a new method is presented based on Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to estimate software project cost. So, to provide optimal models, we tried to achieve good results by selecting proper parameter and network architecture. To prove the optimality of our model, the output results of the proposed model were compared with those of the estimation via the COCOMO81 algorithmic model. Test results show that the proposed adaptive models provide greater accuracy than algorithmic models, without the need to involve estimator in the details and complex relationships of the attributes and drivers of software project cost.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network Model, Genetic Algorithm, Radial Basis Function Neural Network, Selecting The Appropriate Attributes, Software Project Cost Estimation

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Esmail Amini ¹, Ali Ghaffari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer, Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, West Azerbaijan, IR
2 Department of Computer, Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR

Abstract

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a system through the application of which at organizational levels, companies can achieve their goal of homogenizing present functions in order to make a homogenous enterprise possible. Developers have been coping with a certain degree of complexity in the processes of designing and establishment of planning and organizational resource systems. Categorizing factors and relations with the purpose of transcending details and making holistic views possible is one of the methods for fighting the so-called complexity. This type of categorization is called software architecture. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with a coherent and homogenous architecture for ERP systems via combining event-based and service-oriented architecture models. By means of introducing a modular framework for ERP systems, we divide systems into cores and independent modules, and then design a structure through combining event-based and service-oriented architectures for each section. Also in order to establish contact and information exchange both among sub-systems and between sub-systems and the core system, we have utilized an information exchange method based on XML. And simulating the so-called method in the Enterprise Architecture environment, we have improved the technological infrastructure and intractability in organizations to converge information technologies with business environments.

Keywords

Enterprise Resource Planning Systems, Event-Based Architecture, Service-Oriented Architecture, Software Architecture, Software Quality.

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Ramin Mohammadi ¹, Ali Ghaffari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, IR
2 Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR

Abstract

One of the remarkable challenges in the area of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is how to route the collected data and transfer them in the nodes. Due to the high rate of packet loss, guaranteeing reliable and efficient packet transfer and delivery is considered to be one of the hot issues in the area of WSNs. Indeed, due to energy limitation of nodes in WSNs, reliability and energy are regarded as critical parameters in these networks. In this paper, a method has been proposed for optimizing the parameters of reliability and energy consumption in multimedia WSNs. In the proposed protocol, Increasing the Delivery Ratio with Network Coding (IDRNC) a network coding mechanism has been used for transmitting data which enhances the reliability of the network. Furthermore, reducing the number of transmissions and receptions in network nodes results in the reduction of energy consumption. In the proposed protocol, the transmitted packets are first coded and transmitted to the sink through the shortest route. In the middle of the route, in case packets are lost, median nodes can detect and recover the lost packet through the coded packet. The simulation results indicated that the method proposed in this study operates better than the LIEMRO method with respect to the following features: system efficiency, average remaining energy of the network, the number of lost packets and reliability.

Keywords

Multipath Routing, Network Coding, Reliability, Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs).

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Leila Azari ¹, Ali Ghaffari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR

Abstract

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), signals are used as channels for communicating data. Wireless channels are inherently insecure; hence, the vulnerability of signals to external destructive factors and to the interference of intruders can result in the production of errors in data to be transferred. On the other hand, in as much as wireless sensors have limited energy, optimal consumption of energy for enhancing network lifetime is of high significance. In this paper, a protocol based on block-level retransmission and network-coding has been proposed which is intended to optimize error recovery in sensor networks. This protocol takes the parameters of reliability and energy consumption into account. In this protocol, data frames are divided into blocks and in the case of error occurrence, the total frame need not to be transferred since only the error containing block is retransferred using the network coding technique. This procedure minimizes the number of transfer and reception in the nodes. Consequently, energy consumption is reduced. The simulation results revealed that utilizing the networking coding technique in the proposed method results in reliability enhancement. Thus, the simulation results indicate that the proposed method leads to higher reliability and lower energy consumption than the LIERMO method.

Keywords

Energy Consumption Optimization, Error Recovery, Network Coding, Reliability, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).

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Younes Ranjbar ¹, Ali Ghaffari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR
2 Department of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IR

Abstract

Internet, since the beginning of its work, has undergone many changes one of the latest changes are how the internet cloud computing. New technologies cloud computing offers because of features all kinds of facilities to the users as a service. Each evolution, change and novel concept in the world of technologies has its own problems and complications. Accordingly, benefiting from cloud computing is no exception to this rule and it has challenged researchers and proponents in this research domain. Indeed, some major challenges in cloud computing are: load balancing, safety, reliability, ownership, data backup, data portability and supporting several platforms. One challenge for such matters in the field of cloud computing is load balancing optimization in the cloud. The so-called cloud computing, including virtualization, distributed computing, networking, software and Web services. With respect to the ever increasing significance of load balancing in cloud computing the researchers in this paper intended to improve load balancing by using a novel method. The efficiency of the proposed method was analyzed and compared with those of other studies. The results of the present study revealed that the proposed method is better than other dynamic virtual machine (VM) consolidation algorithms in terms of reducing SLA (service levels agreement) violation and the amount of transmitted data volume transmission has to present a better performance than other methods.

Keywords

Cloud Computing, Load Balancing, Load Balancing Algorithms, SLA.

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