Informatics Publishing Limited

Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

There is a considerable significant increase in behavioral disorders among people of various age groups. The prevalence of behavioral disorders is mainly due to socio-cultural changes, ignorance, love with this world, stress at the personal, social and organizational level, etc. Spiritual remedies have proven to be of tremendous benefit and value to the human beings at large. From the point of view of Islam, behavioral disorders are due to the deviations from the Islamic traditions. Husain (2006) has discussed anger, conceit, envy, gossiping and false suspicions, hypocrisy, and ignorance, love of worldly wealth, miserliness, ostentation, and pride and boastfulness and suggested the coping strategies for these evils and vices in the light of Islamic traditions.

Keywords

Coping Behavioral Disorders

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Fauzia Nazam ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, IN

Abstract

In this article, we have explored relationship between anxiety and sport performance and reviewed a number of studies in support to this relationship. Besides we have introduced a number of cognitive interventions techniques such as Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions (cognitive restructuring, visualization imagery, bizarre imagery, psyching-up, attribution training, thought-stopping), Relaxation Techniques and Self-help Strategies (develop self-confidence, distract yourself, focus on that which you can control, association and dissociation, positive self-talk (PST), anticipation). On the basis of earlier evidence we can infer that Sport Psychologists can work with athletes on a variety of strategies that will help in reducing anxiety. And these interventions will be useful to researchers and practitioners who wish to study how to enhance exercise and sports performance of athletes.

Keywords

Cognitive Interventions, Sports And Exercise Performance

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Ruchi Singh ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U. P., IN

Abstract

Old age is the best phase of life. Old age means having more experience, more learning and greater sincerity, wisdom and maturity. All these qualities are enough to make one a great person. Older people face a number of problems and challenges that negatively affect their well-being. Old age does create some problems but it is quite possible to take this as normal and protect to the elderly from negative thinking. A large number of factors such as socioeconomic factors including work, retirement, income and economic circumstances (family financial resources and health insurance), saving wealth and overall quality of life can have a serious impact on health and well-being of elderly people. Aged Indians need culturally appropriate intervention strategies to maintain and improve their holistic health. The present paper suggests the strategies in order to promote holistic well-being of the elderly people. The supportive strategies include yogic practices, exercises, physical activities, meditation, prayer, social, family, and emotional support, religious orientation and involvement, reading scripture, preventive health behaviours and other spiritual practices. A large number of scientific researches are also available to support such type of strategies in helping and promoting health and well- being of elderly people.

Keywords

No Keywords

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Fauzia Nazam ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The present study is to give operational definition of spiritual values and standardization of Spiritual Values Scale (SVS). The objectives of the study are: (1) to determine the reliability of the scale, particularly internal consistency of the scale, (2) to determine the validity of the scale, particularly obtaining the factorial validity with the aim of finding factorial structure of Spiritual Values Scale, and (3) to determine the inter-factorial validity of the scale in order to ensure that all the factors are measuring the same hypothetical construct that is spiritual values. Four hundred Muslim adolescents were selected from mam stream schools and Madaris of Aligarh City. Of these, there were 200 female and 200 male adolescents. The Mean age and SD of the participants were 15.88 (minimum 12 and maximum 19) and 1.84 respectively. The main findings of the study were: (1) the internal consistency of the scale was found to be 0.911 for the overall scale, showing the scale is highly reliable, (2) the factorial validity of the scale revealed 5 factorial structure ofthe Spiritual Values Scale. They are: (1) Altruistic Values (2) Humanistic Values (3) Personal Values (4) Divine Values, and (5) Affective Values. (3) The inter-factorial validity of the scale ranged between 0.444 to 0.646 among the extracted 5 factors. All factors were found significant at .001 level (2-tailed). The scale was found reliable and valid for the measurement of spiritual values.

Keywords

Spiritual Values, Spiritual Values Scale (SVS), Madaris.

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Shabnam Qayoom ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

All of us really want happiness and the pursuits of pleasures, wealth, or power. Why then do not we simply choose to be happy whenever we wish rather than waiting for happiness to come to us as something beyond our control? Why we do not feel happy all the time? The answer is we do not see happiness as a choice. To few people happiness can be attained through wealth and power. Happiness improves an individual's well-being. In the realm of well-being everything depends on an individual's level of happiness. Earlier the conceptualization of happiness and well-being were the province of philosophers. Now, these concepts got popularity in research in the field of positive psychology. In this chapter we explain the various interpretations that have been offered by philosophers and psychologists, and Islam in conceptualization of the happiness and well-being. This chapter would explain happiness in Islam, happiness: concept and definitions, well-being: concept and definitions, happiness and subjective well-being, and How happiness can improve an individual's well-being? At the end it has been emphasized to study the relationship between happiness and well-being.

Keywords

Happiness, Heatlh, Well-Being.

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Asif Hasan ¹, Akbar Husain ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Spirituality is the welfare of all; develop yourselves in the physical, psychic, and spiritual planes while maintaining proper adjustment among them. The body you possess requires food, water, and so on to maintain its existence, and vital energy in order to function properly. To increase your vital energy, you need a suitable quantity of food. If you cannot maintain spiritual fitness through your own strengths, then others will not do for you. Spirituality may be beyond religious rituals and humanism beyond manmade factionalism. In this paper, we define spiritual fitness and suggested various ways such as strengthening of body and mind, controlling the mind, preparing gratitude journal, Sanatan Kriya, experience of oneness, yoga, meditation, focus on Divine messages, life energy, self-regulation, will power, serenity, personality traits, and prioritize work to develop spiritual fitness.

Keywords

Spiritual Fitness, Adjustment, Health.

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Asif Hasan ¹, Akbar Husain ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Adolescence is often associated with behavioural problems. Student disruption, aggression and academic failure are a problem in schools across nation. Problems behaviour is socially defined as a problem which is undesirable by the social and/or legal norms of accustomed society and its institutions of authority. This behaviour often brings out some form of social control response, either minimal, such as a statement of disapproval, or extreme, such as incarceration. A number of evidences have revealed that young people tend to get involve in offending, substance abuse and truanting, which signify that they are at risk of developing a constant pattern of problem behaviour. In the present article, we discuss externalizing and internalizing behavioural problems associated with adolescents. Beside, forms of externalizing behavioural problems such as aggression and delinquency; internalizing behavioural problems such as anxiety, depression, psychosomatic complaints, and substance abuse have also been discussed.

Keywords

Behavioural Problems, Externalizing And Internalizing Problem Behaviour.

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Akbar Husain ¹, Shahin Zehra ¹, Musaddiq Jahan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Women's College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

An employee has his own philosophy of life, values gives direction to his life. The main aim of the present study was to standardize an instrument for assessing spiritual values of the employees. One hundred non-teaching staff and one hundred school teachers from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh served as participants in this study. Principal Axis Factoring method was used to standardize the Employees Spiritual Values Scale (ESVS). The ESVS consisted of 15 items with three factors, namely, Values foster high quality Work, Intrinsic qualities, and Natural Qualities. Factor 1 and 2 comprised of 6 items each and the factor 3 comprised of three items. The numbers of items in ESVS are 15 and it is a 5-point Likert scale. Reliability of the ESVS was determined by Cronbach's alpha and validity of the ESVS was determined by content validity.

Keywords

Spiritual Values Scale, Employees, Standardization.

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Shahla Ahmadi ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Depression is a common affective disorder. It affects the individual, family, and organizational health. Depression, being a problem of the individual, is likely to be managed by spiritual intervention techniques such as prayer, meditation, listening music, visiting the sick, meditation with chanting. Depression is an unavoidable feature of modem life. Psychiatrists prescribe antidepressants and lithium to deal with depression, whereas psychotherapists treat the cases of depression by using cognitive therapy. But, in this world, according to the law of nature, man has to follow religious/spiritual prescriptions. That is, man is himself a perfectionist, why he adopts dysfunctional style of coping. He should adopt functional ways to cope with depression and other psychosocial problems. Bearing this in mind, we are suggesting the ways how to live with a tension-free mind. In the present article, the authors discuss psychosocial and spiritual interventions which includes Beck's Cognitive Therapy (CT), Social and Family Support, Laughter, Refinement and Purification of the Soul, Prayer, Meditation, Listening Music, Visiting the sick and Reading the Holy Scripture have been discussed in this article.

Keywords

Depression, Cognitive Therapy (CT), Social and Family Support, Laughter, Prayer, Meditation.

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Ruchi Singh ¹, Akbar Husain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Human-beings suffer from so many psychosocial problems that in turn affect their inner peace and loose inner strength. Inner strengths derived from prayer and reading sacred scriptures are often ignored in present day. The aim of the present article is to discuss the significance of spiritual practices like- prayer and reading religious scriptures-for developing inner strength. Scriptures clearly discusses concepts, values and practices. Reading scripture is crucial to the whole process of development. Human beings have unique perspective. Reading scripture implies to the execution ofhuman duties, both spiritual and social. Reading scripture is an act of evolved beings. Hindu sacred texts can be classified as the six scriptures: (1) Srutis, (2) Smritis, (3) Itihas, (4) Puranas, (5) Agamas and (6) Darsanas. The Holy Qur'anis sacred to Muslims.

Keywords

Inner Strength, Prayer and Reading Scriptures.

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