- Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics
- Research Journal of Science and Technology
- Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
- Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences
- Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
- Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research
- International Journal of Technology
- Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Ray, Abhijit
- Avian Influenza
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 4, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 129-132Abstract
Bird flu (avian influenza) is a disease caused by an influenza virus that primarily affects birds. "Bird flu" is a phrase similar to "swine flu," "dog flu," "horse flu," or "human flu" in that it refers to an illness caused by any of many different strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host. All known viruses that cause influenza in birds belong to the species influenza A virus. In the late 1990s, a new strain of bird flu arose that was remarkable for its ability to cause severe disease and death, especially in domesticated birds such as ducks, chickens, or turkeys. As a result, this strain was called highly pathogenic avian influenza. While its most highly pathogenic strain (H5N1) had been spreading throughout Asia since 2003, avian influenza reached Europe in 2005, and the Middle East, as well as Africa, the following year (Monke 2006).On January 22, 2012, China reported its second bird flu death in a month following other fatalities in Vietnam and Cambodia.Keywords
Bird Flu, H5N1, Influenza, Pathogenic.
References
- Monke, Jim. "Avian Influenza: Agricultural Issues." CRS Report for Congress. RS21747. August 29, 2006.
- World Health Organization. (2006). Avian influenza (" bird flu") - The Disease in Humans. Retrieved April 6, 2006.
- Leong HK, Goh CS, Chew ST, et al (June 2008). "Prevention and control of avian influenza in Singapore". Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. 37 (6): 504-9.
- Source Wikipedia
- Importance of Light in Poultry Industry
Authors
1 SOS Life Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 172-177Abstract
Poultry is a quickest and easiest source of animal protein for human consumption. It has occupied a leading role among agricultural industries in many parts of the world. The main objectives of poultry farming earlier were to improve body weight and feed efficiency. Modern poultry farming has to take care of other parameters like low fat deposition, leg problems, metabolic diseases and protein content. Besides this, sustainable live stocks produced at minimal cost and in shortest possible time is also a main component of poultry industry. Light being a key factor, several light regiments have been recommended for enhancement of production efficiency in poultry farming. However most of the light regiment arecriticized for poultry welfare such as less broiler activity, leg problems, eye damageand metabolic problems.Modern broilers are selected for higher growth rate but problem like increased fat deposition in abdominal cavity is common. The present paper critically reviews the impact of light on poultry industry.Keywords
Photoperiod, Light Regiment, Light Intensity, LD Cycle, Body Weight.- Potential Properties, Used and Scope of Azadirachtaindicain Human Health Care
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 55-58Abstract
The Neem Tree is an incredible plant that has been declared the "Tree of the 21st century" by the United Nations. In India, it is variously known as "Divine Tree", "Life giving tree", "Nature"s Drugstore", "Village Pharmacy" and "Panacea for all diseases". It is one of the major components in Ayurvedic medicine, which has been practiced in India since many centuries. The neem is an ancient Indian cure-all due to its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antihistamine and antiseptic properties. The neem leaves, flowers, seeds, ischolar_mains, bark and fruits are utilized to treat inflammation, infections, skin diseases and for dental care.
In India's ancient Ayurvedic Medical texts it is explained that every part of the Neem tree has health promoting benefits. What is clear from the above information is that the general population of India for, over 5000 years has used Neem safely and effectively. In fact the people of India call the Neem Tree "The Village Pharmacy". It is also called Holy Tree (Azadirachta indica.). In ancient times neem was the most celebrated medicinal plant of India and found mention in a number of Puranic texts like the Atharava Veda, Upanivahod, Amarkosha and Ghrysutra. They all dealt with the outstanding qualities of the neem tree as a source of medicine and as a natural pesticide.
Keywords
Neem, Azadirachtaindica, Skin Treatment, Ayurveda.- Poultry Farming-An Overview
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Chhatauna, Mandir Hasaud, Raipur, IN
2 School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 129-136Abstract
Poultry industry is one of the fastest growing agro industries. Poultry being the quickest and easiest source of animal protein for human consumption has occupied a leading role among agricultural industries in many parts of the world. Since, not only it supplies cheap protein source, but it also provides job to millions. The main objectives of poultry farming earlier were to improve body weight and feed efficiency. Modern poultry farming has to take care of other parameters like low fat deposition, leg problems, metabolic diseases and protein content. Sustainable live stocks must also be produced at minimal cost and in shortest possible time. Broilers are selected for enhanced growth rate but problem like increased fat deposition in abdominal cavity is common. In India, several studies have been carried out for the impact of poultry farming in the economy of rural and urban area. This present review is a current scenario of poultry farming and its impact on Indian society.Keywords
Poultry Farming, Boilers, Agroindustry, Meat Quality, Poultry Research.- Effect of Light/Dark Cycle on Amino Acids and Protein in the Muscle of Chicken
Authors
1 SOS Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 324-328Abstract
Poultry meat quality is affected by numerous factors. However, light schedule for rearing poultry birds is considered the most important factor for productions and meat quality. In the present study L:D 04:04, L:D 16:08, L:D 12:12 and LL conditions was utilized for rearing the birds. Water was provided ad libitum. Care was taken to prevent light entering the cage from outside. From each group nine birds were decapitated and tissues were obtained on 1st, 14th, 28th and 42nd days. The Tissues were stored at -20°C and was later estimated for total muscle protein and amino acid. The mean concentration and SE of free amino acid (gm/100gm) on LD 04:04, LD 16:08, LD 12:12 and LL was found to be 0.13 ± 0.01, 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.01 and 0.19 ± 0.02 respectively and that of protein was 15.22 ± 1.23, 25.98 ± 1.00, 21.42 ± 1.21 and 25.79 ± 1.45 respectively. A significantly higher concentration of free amino acid in LL schedule as compared to LD 12:12 and LD 04:04 have been observed in the present study (p<0.05). Result suggests that continuous light may be beneficial for quality poultry meat production as higher level of free amino acid has also been implicated for lowering protein breakdown (Tipton and Wolfe, 2004). However statistical analysis of the data fails to detect any difference in the level of muscle free amino acid among the birds exposed to LL and 16:08 LD schedules. Similarly difference in the protein content between these two groups of birds was also not significant. Hence the LD schedule 16:08 may be more suitable and economic for quality meet production in poultry industry especially since it requires less energy for production.Keywords
Poultry, Meat Quality, Protein Content, Amino Acid Content, Light Schedule.- Modeling of Dezincing of Galvanized Steel Scrap
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur, IN
Source
Research Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 1, No 3 (2009), Pagination: 115-119Abstract
Dezincing of galvanized steel scrap was investigated by preferential dissolution of the galvanized coatings in a variety of acidic environments comprising dilute and moderate concentrations of Hydrochloric, Sulfuric and Nitric Acids. The data thus generated was used to develop an Artificial Neural Network model to estimate the extent of dezincing as a function of thickness and concentration of acids. It was found that the model developed has very good accuracy level.Keywords
Dezincing, Galvanized Steel, Artificial Neural Network.- Isolation and Screening of Antibiotic Producing Actinomyces Species from Soil Sample
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 3, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 199-201Abstract
Actinomyces species were successfully isolated from soil sample in and around Raipur Institute of technology, Raipur, CG. The strains were morphologically studies and their antibiotic potential was observed. Later plasmid curing was done to perform the location of antibiotic resistant genes.Keywords
Actinomyces, Plasmid Curing, Antibiotic, Isolation, Soil.- Scope of Aloe vera as Medicinal Plant and Skin Care
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 1-3Abstract
Aloe vera is the oldest medicinal plant ever known and the most applied medicinal plant worldwide. The first written records about the use of aloe vera were found on over 6,000 years old clay tablets found in Mesopotamia. Today also aloe vera is one of the most studied plants worldwide. Actually, there is hardly any plant that can display such a great variety of scientifically-proven active pharmaceutical ingredients (about 200) whose unique combinations properties generate a broad spectrum of activity.
Aloe Vera is referred as the 'Miracle Plant'. From being an antiseptic, anti- inflammatory and a cure for heart burns to helping relieve the symptoms of severe illnesses like cancer and diabetes, to being a beauty aid and health nourisher, this ancient Indian herb has it all. Known for centuries for its unique medicinal properties, it has been rediscovered, recognized and benefited from in the last few years. Aloe Vera is as old as civilization and throughout history it has been used as a popular folk medicine. It is believed to be effective in treating stomach ailments, gastrointestinal problems, skin diseases, constipation, for radiation injury, for its anti-inflammatory effect, for wound healing and burns, as an anti-ulcer and diabetes. It is also known as 'lily of the desert', the 'plant of immortality', and the 'medicine plant' with qualities to serve as alternate medicine.
Keywords
Aloe Vera, Skin Care, Immune System.- Application of Lipase in Industry
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 2, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 33-37Abstract
Lipase enzyme is a naturally occurring enzyme found in the stomach and pancreatic juice. They function is to digests fats and lipids, helping to maintain correct gall bladder function. As such, these constitute any of the fat-splitting or lipolytic enzymes, all of which cleave a fatty acid residue from the glycerol residue in a neutral fat or a phospholipid. The lipase enzyme controls the amount of fat being synthesized and that which is burned in the body, reducing adipose tissue. Lipases are one of the important groups of biocatalysts used in biotechnological applications. Lipases have been isolated from many species of plants, animals, bacteria, fungi and yeast. Lipases extracted from microorganisms are used in various industries such as dairy, food, detergents, textile, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biodiesel industries. It is also used for synthesis of fine chemicals, agrochemicals and new polymeric materials. Research on microbial lipases, has increased due to their great commercial potential. Lipases are added to detergents such as household and industrial laundry and also in household dishwashers, where their function is removal of fatty residues and cleaning clogged drains. Their applications in our daily life are increasing day by day.Keywords
Lipase, Lypolytic Enzymes, Industrial Application, Food Industry.- Liposome in Drug Delivery System
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 2, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 41-44Abstract
Today, clinical medicine possesses an extremely long list of different pharmaceutical products and every year many new drugs are added to the list with the understanding of molecular mechanisms of diseases. Scientists and physicians are never satisfied only with a favorable drug action against the disease under treatment. The task of avoiding undesirable drug actions on normal organs and tissues and minimizing side effects of the therapy is very important. Thus, screening of biologically active compounds became necessary, permitting the choice of drug with selective action on the appropriate organs or tissues. A liposome is an artificially prepared vesicle composed of a lipid bilayer. The liposome can be used as a vehicle for administration of nutrients and pharmaceutical drugs. Liposomes can be prepared by disrupting biological membranes such as by sonication.
Liposomes are composed of natural phospholipids, and may also contain mixed lipid chains with surfactant properties. A liposome design may employ surface ligands for attaching to unhealthy tissue. The major types of liposomes are the multilamellar vesicle (MLV), the small unilamellarvesicle (SUV), and the large unilamellar vesicle (LUV).
Keywords
Liposomes, Drug Delivery, Target Therapy, Encapsulation.- Scope of Embryonic Stem Cells in Research
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research, Vol 2, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 51-54Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ES cells) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, an earlystage embryo. Human embryos reach the blastocyst stage 4-5 days post fertilization, at which time they consist of 50- 150 cells. Isolating the embryoblast orinner cell mass (ICM) results in destruction of the fertilized human embryo. They can be propagated as homogeneous stem cell cultures and expanded without apparent limit. ES cells retain the character of embryo founder cells, even after prolonged culture and extensive manipulation. Thus, they are able to reintegrate fully into embryogenesis when returned to the early embryo. The ability to propagate pluripotent ES cells presents unique opportunities for experimental analysis of gene regulation and function during self-renewal, cell commitment, and differentiation. The combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that maintain developmental identity and potency is beginning to be defined. Progress is also being made toward understanding and controlling lineage- and/or cell-type-specific differentiation of ES cells in vitro.Keywords
Embryonic Stem Cell, Embryo, Pluripotency, Fetus, Cell Culture.- Protease Enzyme-Potential Industrial Scope
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
International Journal of Technology, Vol 2, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
Enzymes are vitally important for the existence of life. Civilizations have used enzymes for thousands of years without understanding what they were or how they work. Over the past several generations, science has unlocked the mystery of enzymes and has applied knowledge to make better use of it in an ever growing number of applications. Enzymes play crucial role in producing the food we eat, the clothes we wear and even in producing fuel for our automobiles. They are important in combating environmental pollution. Leather processing is one of the important industries closely related to everyday life. Proteases execute a large variety of functions and have important biotechnological applications. They represent one of the largest groups of industrial enzymes and find application in detergents industry, leather industry, food industry, pharmaceutical industry and bioremediation processes (Anwar and Saleemuddin, 1998; Gupta et al. 2002). Probably the largest application of proteases is in laundry detergents, where they help removing protein based stains from clothes (Banerjee et al. 1999). In textile industry, proteases may also be used to remove the stiff and dull gum layer from the raw silk fibre to achieve improved luster and softness. They can modify the surface of wool and silk fibres to provide new and unique finish. Proteases have been used in the hide-dehairing process, where dehairing is carried out at pH values between 8 and 10.Keywords
Protease, Proteolytic, Detergent, Tanning, Dairy Industry.- Fullerence (C60) Molecule-A Review
Authors
1 Department of Biotechnology, Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (CG), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 2, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 47-50Abstract
A fullerene is any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid or tube. Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs, and they resemble the balls used in football. Cylindrical ones are called carbon nanotubes. Fullerenes are similar in structure to graphite, which is composed of stacked graphene sheets of linked hexagonal rings; but they may also contain pentagonal (or sometimes heptagonal) rings. The discovery of fullerenes greatly expanded the number of known carbon allotropes, which until recently were limited to graphite, diamond, andamorphous carbon such as soot and charcoal.
Buckyballs and buckytubes have been the subject of intense research, both for their unique chemistry and for their technological applications, especially in materials science, electronics, and nanotechnology. The fullerene family, and especially C60, has appealing photo, electrochemical and physical properties, which can be exploited in various medical fields. Fullerene is able to fit inside the hydrophobic cavity of HIV proteases, inhibiting the access of substrates to the catalytic site of enzyme. It can be used as radical scavenger and antioxidant. At the same time, if exposed to light, fullerene can produce singlet oxygen in high quantum yields. This action, together with direct electron transfer from excited state of fullerene and DNA bases, can be used to cleave DNA. In addition, fullerenes have been used as a carrier for gene and drug delivery systems. Also they are used for serum protein profiling as MELDI material for biomarker discovery.