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K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, A. Upendra Rao ², D. Srinivasulu Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 AICRP Ifs Scheme, Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2003-04 and 2004-2005) at S.V. Agricultural College Farm (ANGRAU), Tirupati , Southern plateau and Hills zone of India on red sandy soils consisting Greengram was raised as residual crop during summer in a sequence of Maize sown in Kharif and Sunflower sown in Rabi with the imposition of the treatments to the first two crops of the sequence. There were fourteen treatments comprising of six different sources of nitrogen viz., farm yard manure, vermicompost, neem leaf manure, poultry manure, pig manure and fertilizer to supply recommended dose of nitrogen on equalent nitrogen basis and one absolute control. All the seven treatments were tried with and without the foliar application of Panchagavya, thus making the total treatments to fourteen. Regarding the dynamics of various soil fertility parameters viz., soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, all of them were found built up to a considerable extent with the use of organic manures to maize and sunflower, while the application of fertilizer to maize and sunflower could just maintain the soil fertility status with neither considerable replenishment nor deterioration.As regards the balance sheet of soil available N, P and K, the highest positive balance of soil available nitrogen was found associated with neem leaf manure, and that of phosphorus was associated with poultry manure while that of potassium was with vermicompost. However, all the organic manures could result in higher balance than with application of fertilizer to maize and sunflower crops. Irrespective of the manurial sources, use of Panchagavya did not exert any noticeable effect on fertility enrichment of the soil.

Keywords

Green Gram , Organic Manures, Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake, Economics

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K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, A. Upendra Rao ², G. Jogi Naidu ², D. S. Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 AICRP Ifs Scheme, Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive Rabi seasons of 2003-04and 2004-05 at Tirupati , Southern plateau and Hills zone of India on red sandy soils with fourteen treatments comprised of six different sources of nitrogen viz., farm yard manure, vermicompost, neem leaf, poultry manure, pig manure and fertilizer to supply recommended dose of nitrogen on equalant nitrogen basis and one absolute control were tried with and without the foliar application of Panchagavya, . All the growth and yield attributes, yield (seed as well as stalk) harvest index, nitrogen uptake and gross returns as well as net returns of sunflower were at their best with recommended dose of fertilizer either with or without Panchagavya spray. The highest oil content of the seed was recorded with neem leaf manure in combination with Panchagavya, which was however, comparable with all the other four organic sources tried in combination with Panchagavya, but significantly higher than with the fertilizer either with or without the use of Panchagavya. The highest phosphorus uptake of sunflower was recorded with poultry manure either with or without the spray of Panchagavya, while the potassium uptake was the highest with vermicompost either with or without the spray of Panchagavya. Irrespective of the source of nutrient supply, foliar application of Panchagavya resulted in higher nutrient uptake of sunflower than with the use of respective organic manures alone without the use of Panchagavya. Among the organic sources tried, the highest net returns and benefit-cost ratio of sunflower were realized with poultry manure in combination with Panchagavya.

Keywords

Sunflower, Organic Farming, Panchagavya, Yield, Nutrient Uptake

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V. Visalakshmi ¹, M. R. B. Raju ¹, A. Upendra Rao ¹, K. Madhu Kumar ¹, N. Hari Satyanarayana ²

Affiliations
1 Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu-532 484, Srikakulam District, A.P., IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, Amadalavalasa-532 185, Srikakulam District, A.P., IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during kharif 2012 and 2013 at Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh to assess the efficacy and compatibility of five insecticides and two fungicides at recommended concentrations. The evaluation was done as a tank mix in various insecticide and fungicide combinations for their efficacy against sheath blight, stem borer, leaf folder and brown plant hopper, for the purpose of reducing the application cost in the event of simultaneous occurrence of both pest and disease during any stage of crop growth period. Among different combinations tested during kharif 2012, Flubendamide @0.25mL/L in combination with Trifloxystrobin 25% + Tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75%) 0.4g/L recorded less sheath blight incidence (27.33%) and less pest incidence i.e., leaf folder (2.0% leaf damage) followed by Chlorpyriphos @2.5mL/L + Propiconazole @2.0mL/L (30.13%, 7.92%) and Chlorantriniliprole @0.3mL/L + Propiconazole @1.0mL/L (32.42%, 8.13%) and Flubendamide @ 0.25mL/L + Propiconazole @1.0mL/L (35.17%, 1.59%) compared to other combinations and untreated control. During kharif 2013 also, Flubendamide @0.25mL/L in combination with Trifloxystrobin 25% + Tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75%) 0.4g/L recorded less sheath blight incidence (29.01%) with significant reduction of brown plant hopper (2.0/hill) and stem borer as white ears (2.8%) followed by Chlorantriniliprole @0.3mL/L + Trifloxystrobin 25% + Tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75%) 0.4g/L with 29.36% sheath blight and 4.19% dead hearts and 2.4% white ears. Chlorpyriphos @ 2.5mL/L + Trifloxystrobin 25% + Tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75%) 0.4g/L followed by Profenophos @2mL/L + Propiconazole @1mL/L were the safest combinations for natural enemies in rice ecosystem. All the combinations recorded significantly higher yields compared to untreated control.

Keywords

Compatibility, Fungicides, Insecticides, Pests and Diseases, Rice.

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T. Venkata Sridhar ¹, P. Prabhu Prasadini ², A. Upendra Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science, Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru (A.P.), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru (A.P.), IN

Abstract

A study on “Effect of organic and inorganic amendments on abatement of industrially polluted soils grown with castor crop” was conducted at College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for evaluating the amendments to abate the polluted soils. The results revealed that in Isnapur soils, highest castor dry matter yield was observed in treatment applied with the application of RDF (NPK)+5t VC ha^-1 (41.80 g pot^-1), whereas in Katedan soils, highest dry matter was observed with N and K (RDF)+60 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Among the treatments highest N and K contents were observed in castor crop grown on Isnapur polluted soil with the treatment of RDF (NPK)+5 t VC ha^-1, whereas P content was highest in treatment with the application of 100 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 along with N and K as RDF. The Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb contents were decreased with the application of phosphorus, vermicompost and CaCO₃. Application of 5% CaCO₃ along with RDF showed significant reduction in contents over other treatments.

Keywords

Polluted Soils, Amendments, Heavy Metals, Micronutrients, Castor.

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