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A. Suresh Babu ¹, Ch. Saibabu ², S. Sivanagaraju ²

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, BITIT, Hindupur, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of EEE, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In classical multi area AGC systems integral (I)- controller or proportional plus integral(PI)-controller is used to mitigate the deviations in frequency and tie line power error caused due to load variations. But due to some disadvantages only with using I-controller or P-controller, the researchers are en route for new findings to get better control. In this paper, application of super magnetic energy storage system (SMES) and Static series synchronous compensator (SSSC) based multi area AGC system under load following in the open market scenario is presented. The I-controller of AGC is tuned by employing PSO (particle swarm optimization) technique. A two area load following based hydrothermal system is considered to exemplify the optimum parameter search. The integral of square of error performance index is considered in the search of optimal Automatic Generation Control (AGC) parameters. The results presented in this paper illustrate the superior working of the proposed technique.

Keywords

Particle Swam Optimization, Load Following, SMES, SSSC, Hydrothermal System.

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A. Suresh Babu ¹, V. Jayabalan ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Manufacturing Engg., Anna University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

The mechanics of composite materials and their fracture behaviors are really complex. The reason for this is inconsistent process stability and reliability, combined with production and processing problems. In this work, an attempt has been made to statistically analyse the tensile behavior of metal matrix composite. Composite of Aluminium alloy containing 5 to 20 % volume fraction of Al₂O₃ particles of 15 μm size was prepared by adding alumina particles to a vigorously agitated semi solid Aluminum alloy. Prior to this, alumina particles were subjected to preheating at 800°C for 5hrs. Particles were added to the Aluminium alloy heated to 850°C by using a mixer in the nitrogen medium. Twenty tension tests were performed for each volume fraction according to ASTM standards B557 (American Society of Testing Materials standards) and using the test data, the corresponding weibull distribution was obtained. The reliability of the composite characteristics in terms of its tensile strength was assessed. An important implication of the present study is that the weibull distribution describes more appropriately, the experimentally measured strength data.

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P. Hariharan ¹, R. P. Chandrasekar ¹, A. Suresh Babu ¹, A. Rajadurai ², D. Mohanlal ³, S. Renganarayanan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engg., Anna University, Chennai-25, IN
2 Department of Production Technoiogy, MIT Campus, Anna University, Chennai-44, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Chennai-25, IN

Abstract

Bearing components should have high hardness accompanied by good wear resistance and load bearing strength. The most commonly used material for the manufacture of bearing components is steel. To achieve high hardness accompanied by good wear resistance, cryogenic treatment is considered as a supplementary process to conventional heat treatment. Increasing the wear resistance and the impact strength of the bearing components plays an important role in improving manufacturing standards. Since simultaneous enhancement of both these opposing properties is difficult in the heat treatment processes, a method of optimizing these properties together can increase the life o f the bearing components. The factors identified as affecting impact strength and wear resistance are the austenitising temperature, the austenitising time, the tempering temperature, the tempering time, the cryogenic treatment, the quenching media and the type of tempering. In this paper, an attempt is made to find out the optimum combination of heat treatment factors to optimize wear resistance and impact strength of the SAE 51100 bearing steel by using Taguchi’s techniques.

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